反硝化的

In this paper, the importance of denitrification in the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen in estuaries is summarized, It introduces methods of denitrification determination, as well as their advantages and disadvantages.

本文综述了河口区域反硝化作用在N元素生物地球化学循环过程中的重要作用，概述了不同测定反硝化速率的方法，并提出了各种方法的优缺点。总结了反硝化作用的影响因素：O2浓度，NO3，有机质，温度，生物等。

According to the above study results, especially the steady operation of two-sludge system（2A/O+N 2SBR）, it can be proved that denitrification and excess phosphorus uptake are relatively independent and intersectant biological processes. The overlap is that denitrifying phosphorus removing bacteriawhich possesses the two bacterial metabolisms, could utilize nitrate as an electron acceptor for phosphorus uptake. The two-sludge system can not only combined biological phosphorus removal and denitrification processes to form a process in practical wastwater treatment , but also solved the main difficulties of current single-sludge systems:①the sludge age competition between phosphorus removing bacteria and nitrifier;② the substrate competition between denitrification and dephosphatation.

以上的研究结果，尤其是时间序列的双泥生物反硝化除磷脱氮系统工艺（2A/O+N 2SBR法）的稳定运行，不仅证明了生物脱氮与生物除磷是两个既相对独立又相互交叉的生理过程，其交叉点是同时拥有硝酸盐还原性和超量吸磷这两种生化特性的细菌进行的反硝化吸磷脱氮生化反应，而且双泥系统工艺克服了常规单泥生物脱氮除磷工艺的两大问题（①聚磷菌和硝化菌的SRT相互干扰；②反硝化与生物除磷竞争VFA），同时保证了脱氮和除磷效果，排水指标达到污水综合排水标准（GB8978-1996）的一级标准，具有实际工程使用价值。

The results indicate that (1) After acclimation and induction, Phosphorus Accumulating Organism not only has the characteristics of denitrification, but also has the characteristics of takeup phosphate in aerobic;(2) Denitrifying phosphate accumulating bacteria using NO3- as electron acceptor indeed existed in the conventional enhanced biological phosphorus removal system;(3) The facultative anaerobe seperated during the process of acclimation are Corynebacterium, Pseudodiphtheria corynebacterium, Staphylococcus and Moraxella; all of which can be functioned as denitrifying phosphorus accumulating to various degree.

试验结果表明：(1)好氧聚磷菌经驯化诱导后不但具有反硝化产氮特性，而且具有好氧聚磷特性；(2)在传统的A2O 工艺中存在有以NO3-为电子受体的反硝化聚磷菌；(3)在驯化过程中分离到的兼性厌氧微生物有棒状杆菌属、假白喉棒杆菌、葡萄球菌属及莫拉氏菌属，且都有不同程度的反硝化聚磷功能。

The kinetics process and temperature impact of natural groundwater denitrified by sulfur autotrophic was investigated. The results revealed that the denitrification rate of up-flow sulfur autotrophic denitrification filter followed a half-order kinetics model; and the reaction rate constant was mainly affected by the temperature. Based on the Arrhenius calculation, the activated energy was 80.38 kJ/mol.

研究实际地下水硫自养反硝化动力学过程，考察季节因素对动力学的影响，实验结果表明，地下水升流式硫自养滤柱反硝化动力学符合1/2级动力学模型，其反应速率常数受温度的影响很大，用阿仑尼乌斯方程计算硫自养反硝化活化能为80.38 kJ/mol。

On the basis of denitrifying phosphorus removal theory, the mechanism and process of denitrifying phosphorus removal were summarized and the capability of denitrifying phosphorus removal was compared with conventional process.

在介绍反硝化除磷理论的基础上，对反硝化除磷机理和工艺作了综合概括，并与传统好氧除磷进行了比较，重点说明了反硝化聚磷菌的研究现状和最新反硝化除磷工艺的特点。

When the traditional nitrification-denitrification process is used for treating coking waste water, reflux nitrified liquid is required in anaerobic denitrification stage. Because of influence of the factors such as low carbon-nitrogen ratio and big reflux ratio, the denitrification rate is only 30%~50%.

传统的硝化反硝化生物脱氮工艺处理焦化污水时，厌氧反硝化脱氮需要回流硝化液，由于受到碳氮比低及回流比大等因素的影响，焦化污水的脱氮率只有30%~50%。

Through carrying on nitrifying potentiality dynamics analysis of the substrate artificial medium in the ecological floating bed, find substrate artificial medium nitrifies approximate to be zero response. the dynamics equation is y =-0.1347x+4.3542, the artificial medium nitrifying potentiality is 3.4×10-5g/h·slice.

通过对生态浮床底层人工介质的反硝化潜力进行动力学分析，发现底层人工介质的反硝化近似为零级反应，动力学方程为y=-0.1347x+4.3542，人工介质反硝化潜力为3.4×10~(-5)g/h·片。

The results of continuous experiments with BAF show that: the short nitrification occurs when the Qair/Qinfluent ratio is 4:1 with NO_2~--N accounting for 72% of NOx--N; the suitable recirculation rate is 200%; the ratio of external acetate dose to NH4+-N concentration is 2:1 attributing to the short nitrification; BAF needs being backwashed when the headloss increases to 6 cm every 17~20 days; in the water reuse context, 98.7% water yield can be obtained.Lastly, the long-term operation of SBR-BAF system indicates it can treat the wastewater efficiently.

BAF反应器连续流试验结果表明：最佳气水比为4：1，硝化类型以短程硝化为主，NO_2~--N占到NOx--N的72%；综合考虑对TN的去除率和动力消耗，最佳回流比为200%；最佳缺氧/好氧容积比为3：5；由于短程反硝化较全程反硝化碳源需求量低，在BAF反应器进水NH4+-N 40mg/L左右的情况下，乙酸钠投加量为80mg/L以COD计设定水头损失达到6cm时进行反冲洗，随水温不同，反冲洗周期为17~20d，产水率为98.7%。

The expression of one-dimensional mathematical model of vertical migration of ammonia in the CRI system is:The parameters in the CRI model are determined as following: the retardarce coefficient is determined by static isothermal absorption experiment, the velocity of sewage travel through the soil column is determined by permeability test, the vertical dispersion coefficient is determined by test the electric conductivity of tracer in the dispersion experiment, the rate of nitrification and denitrification is determined by test of Baps technology.

依据单一氨氮、硝氮配水条件下的试验结果，引入多孔介质的溶质运移理论及对流-弥散方程，考虑NH4+-N在CRI系统中的运移受到对流和水动力弥散作用的影响，并吸附-解吸、硝化与反硝化3个过程，首次将配水流经CRI土柱的孔隙水流速方程与CRI土柱内发生的、以氧为约束条件的硝化、反硝化过程联系起来，建立了CRI系统一维垂向氨氮运移转化数学模型，表达式为：研究分别通过静态等温吸附实验率定了模型方程中的阻滞系数、通过渗滤试验测定了土柱中的孔隙水流速、通过测定弥散试验中示踪剂的电导率确定了纵向弥散系数、通过气压过程分离技术测定了土柱中的总硝化与反硝化反应速率常数，最后通过测定土柱沿程氧化-还原电位的方法分析氨氮在CRI系统中的运移转化机理。

In this paper, a specially made root chamber system with two compartments and nine gas collection pipes was used to collect the N2O in soil air of nine different spatial position in the root chamber. The following treatments were also used:(1) Two selective nitrification inhibitors, C2H2 and DCD in low concentration were used to study the nitrification process under different NH4+-N levels and its contribution to N2O release.

用特制的带有9根采气管的两室根箱系统，采集和分析根箱中9个不同部位土壤空气中N2O的浓度，结合使用具有选择性的硝化抑制剂（包括低浓度的C2H2和DCD），研究在不同铵态氮水平下的硝化过程及其对N2O气体释放的贡献；结合使用高浓度的C2H2，抑制反硝化过程中N2O到N2的还原，研究在不同铵态氮水平下的反硝化过程及其对N2O气体释放的贡献。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。