反相

The activated sludge in nitrous nitrifying process and autotrophic denitrifying process are fully studied, and the characteristics of these processes in stable and acclimation stage have been drawed.

对亚硝化工艺和自养反亚硝化工艺的污泥相变化进行了仔细研究，得出各工艺稳定运行及污泥适应等阶段的特征污泥相。

In chapter I, we introduce the Jordan-Wigner transformation in detail, and illustrate its applications with three examples: the one-dimensional S = 1 XXZ model; the bilinear-biquadratic SU(2) invariant S = 1 chain; and the ionic Hubbard chain in the strong coupling limit. In chapter II, we review the S = 1/2 transverse Ising chain in detail.

在变换后发现隐藏在自旋为1的系统里自旋为1/2的SU(2)对称性及广义的U(1)规范对称性；(3)通过将推广的强耦合极限下的一维离子型Hubbard 模型变换为SU(3)反铁磁Heisenberg 模型，严格论证了离子型Hubbard 模型从能带绝缘体到莫特绝缘体的转变区域中自发二聚化绝缘体铁电性相即键序波相的存在。

Based on the analysis of the features of virtual design, such as the combinations of quantitative design and qualitative design, parallel and serial design, green manufacturing-oriented design, the closed loop architecture of virtual design system, including the iterative steps of converse engineering and digital modeling, physical prototyping, physical testing, is proposed.

本文在分析机械产品虚拟设计定性与定量相结合、串行与并行相结合、面向绿色制造的设计等主要特征的基础上，构造了一个包含反求工程与数字化建模、物理原型、物理测试等环节在内的机械产品虚拟设计可迭代框架，并以鼠标外模的虚拟设计过程为例对这一框架进行了详细说明。

It can get the three-dimensional profile of the object surface effectively. Because of the cragginess of the three-dimensional surface when sine grating is projected the image of the sine grating is modulated and the modulated image is taken by a CCD camera with an angel compared to projecting direction. After the phase shift measuring method, the phase is gotten. Because the phase is calculated by the phase shift measuring ranges from –π to +π it isn't continuous. The phase unwrapping is necessary to recover the continuous phase about the object shape.

这种方法采用结构光照明，将正弦光栅图像投影到被测物体表面，用与投影方向成一定角度的CCD摄像机获取受物体表面面形调制的变形光栅像，根据数字相移算法计算出相位分布，由于从相移计算的相位被截断在反三角函数的主值范围内，因而是不连续的，必须通过相位展开恢复出连续相位分布，由相位－高度关系最终求出物体轮廓的三维数据信息。

The electric mechanism of α-cypermethrin based microemulsion formed by polyoxyethylene styrenyl phenyl ether and dodecyl benzenesulfonic salt combined with different kinds of antiparticles, and the phase behavior were investigated.

研究了结合不同反离子的十二烷基苯磺酸盐与苯乙烯苯酚聚氧乙烯醚(NR600)形成的高效氯氰菊酯微乳液的导电机理，以及反离子对体系相行为的影响。

The location of the anti-kickback pawl relative to the hand guard is selected such when the hand guard is positioned a selected distance from a workpiece, the location of the anti-kickback pawls are automatically set.

这样选择抗反冲爪(36，38)相对手护件(32)的位置，使得当手护件(32)定位在离工件一个选定的距离时，自动给定抗反冲爪(36，38)的位置。

In order to solve the problem,an exponential expression similar to that of the electromagnetic wave propagation loss is used to describe change of observation weight with distance,and the standard statistics retrieval algorithm is used to test the effect of retrieval speed and precision caused by different observation weight.

赵小峰 解放军理工大学气象学院，南京 211101提出采用一种与电磁波传播损耗相类似的指数衰减形式来描绘观测值权重随距离的变化，结合标准的统计反演算法来测试不同的观测值权值对反演速度与精度的影响。

Methods: Made a cylinder lens and a direct back projection tomography machine .

自制柱透镜及反投影机与电视透视机相结合，进行反投影试验。

First, the effects of magnetic RAM relaxation time and the rise-time of incident pulse signal on reflection signal are discussed, the relationship between the rise-time of incident pulse and relaxation time based on the energy of reflection signal is revealed. Then, the effects of magnetic hysteric, susceptibilities and saturation upon reflection signal are analyzed, the results reveal the reflection of RAM target and UWB signal design. In the meantime, dielectric relaxation time effect about dielectric RAM target is analyzed simply, and the effects of relaxation time and the width of incident pulse upon reflection signal are probed. Finally, a few RAM targets are measured in the chamber using the impulse radar experiment system which is developed by the team of anti-stealth impulse radar on Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Defense Technology. The experimental results show the similarity of the rule of echos with the theory. From the compared results of different tagets, we concluded, compared with 15% wideband sinusoidal signal, the impulse signal has increased 10～12dB energy from the same loaded RAM target; this, in turn, shows the nonlinear effects of RAM to the echoes, and the potentiality of the impulse signal to RAM targets.

首先分析了磁性RAM的弛豫时间及入射脉冲信号的上升时间对反射信号的影响，从反射信号能量角度出发，给出了入射脉冲上升时间与弛豫时间的关系；接着分析了磁性RAM的磁滞特性、磁化率及磁化强度对反射信号的影响，给出了RAM目标辐射和有关UWB信号设计的一般性结论；其次，对介电RAM的弛豫时间效应作了简单的分析，探讨了介电弛豫时间及入射脉冲宽度对反射信号的影响；最后利用国防科技大学电子技术系&反隐身冲激雷达技术研究组&研制的冲激雷达实验系统，在微波暗室中对几种不同的RAM目标进行了测量，结果表明：其反射波形的基本规律与上述理论分析相一致；从各种不同目标回波的能量对比结果得出，涂覆RAM目标对冲激信号的吸收比15％带宽的正弦信号要小10～12dB，证实了RAM的非线性效应对回波的影响，也证实了冲激信号反隐身的潜力。

The results showed that the different solubility of anionic surfactants and the different binding degrees of the antiparticles had actions on the interfacial property of the microemulsion.

研究了结合不同反离子的十二烷基苯磺酸盐与苯乙烯苯酚聚氧乙烯醚(NR600)形成的高效氯氰菊酯微乳液的导电机理，以及反离子对体系相行为的影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。