反弯曲

A method of velocity tomographic inversion based on Fermat principle is presented by using travel times of transmitted waves from one borehole to another.

利用井间透射波旅行时，给出了一种以费马原理为基础的井间地震弯曲射线速度层析成象方法，数值计算表明了该方法比直射线法反演成象精度高。

In winter, the transport of Kuroshio is stronger than that in summer.

冬季黑潮流量大，黑潮弯曲的程度小，反气旋涡旋脱落的位置在118°E以东，脱落的周期缩短。

Adopting three-element (igneous facies, fracture motion and rock bending) geologic comprehensive reservoir evaluation technique and deep-shallow unconventional laterolog constrained inversion technique, lateral prediction of fractured reservoir such as Shang 741 is taken and nonhomogeneity quantification models of reservoirs are established.

采用基于火成相-断裂活动-岩层弯曲的三元地质综合储层评价技术、火成岩裂缝型储层的深-浅侧向非常规测井约束地震反演技术等先进技术方法，对商741等裂缝性储层进行横向预测，建立储层非均质定量模型。

This article that focuses on the systematic and in-depth research in the current primal problem about abnormal burst pressure reservoir depress burst pressure has procured following main fruits:1 It forms the method which could obtain massive vertical static state mechanics parameters.2 In a foundation of acquisition of rock mechanics parameters,apply bent lamella that as mechanical model along with characteristic of actual geologic characteristics to analysis curvature for anticlinal strcture, get homologous tectonic stress value throug relation between the curvature and stress and different principal curvature in anticlinal structure,consequently set up laminational stress model for anticline reservoir. The block lamination for existed fracturing date has formed method of setting up mechanical model of lamination terrestrial stress by abtaining the block tectonic stress coefficients which are got by complex utilization test, laboratory test and fracturing date playback.3 Analysesing the main reason which lead to high burst pressure by considering the characteristic of reservoir geology,reservoir,and rock mechanics and reservoir damage,etc.Establishing burst pressure quantitative prediction model which provide gist for depressing construction risk and optimizing construction craft under the condition of open hole completion ,gun-perforated completion and damaged reservoir.4 Provding theoretical basis for interpreting acidification pretreatment which could depress busrt pressure by finding the relation between the influencing factors and rock machanics parameters and analysing the factors that have effect on rock mechanics parameters. Expounding the mechanism of reaction of mixed monomineral and acid from the angle of microcosmic element, evaluating quantitatively acid sensilility of different kinds of mineral effectively, and determing the first-order reaction dynamical equation of each mineral.5 Revealing rock mechanics property chage as a result of acid flooding in different condition by sandstone traumata experiment in different temperatures which combined with rock mechanics triaxial stress experiment.6 Associating damage mechanics with sandstone acidizing, established sandstone damage mechanics model in the foundation of the recognition on the rock mechanics parametric variation which is caused by acid-rock reaction in both macroscopic view and microscopic view ,also demonstrated those processes and quantitative estimated the acid busrt pressure to direct the site operation.

本文针对目前异常破裂压力储层降低破裂压力的主要问题展开较为系统和深入的研究，取得了以下主要成果：1形成了利用测井资料，结合室内岩芯测试结果，获取静动岩石力学参数的相关性特征，从而获得纵向上大量静态力学参数的方法。2在获取了岩石力学参数的此基础上，利用弯曲薄板作为力学模型，结合区块实际地质特征对背斜构造进行曲率分析，通过曲率与应力的关系，利用背斜构造不同部位的主曲率求得相应的构造应力值，从而建立起背斜储层的分层应力模型；对已有压裂资料的区块分层，形成了综合利用测试、室内实验、压裂资料反演获得该区块构造应力系数，建立起分层地应力的力学模型的方法。3综合考虑储层地质、油藏、岩石力学特性和储层伤害等因素，分析造成高破裂压力的主要原因，综合利用岩石力学、弹性力学等知识，建立了裸眼完井、射孔完井条件下以及储层受到伤害后的储层破裂压力定量预测模型，为降低施工风险和优化施工工艺提供了依据。4完成了物性、岩性影响岩石力学参数的因素分析，找出了各影响因素和岩石力学参数之间的关系，为从机理上解释酸化预处理降低破裂压力提供了理论基础；从微观元素的角度阐述了单矿物与酸反应的机理；并在此基础上，有效评价了各种矿物的酸敏感性，定量确定了岩石中各矿物的一级反应动力学方程。5完成了不同温度下的酸液类型、酸液浓度、注酸量等一系列砂岩损伤实验，结合岩石力学三轴应力实验，系统揭示了在不同条件下注酸而引起的岩石力学性质变化。6将损伤力学与砂岩酸化相结合，在宏观、微观两个方面认识酸岩反应引起岩石力学参数变化基础上，建立了砂岩损伤力学模型，并对其进行验证，在此基础上定量计算酸化后的破裂压力，有效指导现场施工

By using static equilibrium law, nonlinear buckle behavior of string in deep well has been researched. In comprehensive consideration of gravity, contact force of borehole wall, axial friction and tangential friction of borehole wall on the string, pressure and viscous resistance of fluid outside of and inside of a string, differential equation of buckle has been established, which amended computational model of axial load on a string.

应用静力平衡法对深井注入管柱的非线性屈曲行为进行了研究，建立了综合考虑重力、井壁支反力、井壁对管柱的轴向摩擦力和切向摩擦力及管柱内、外流体压力和粘滞阻力联合作用下的屈曲微分方程，对注入管柱的屈曲变形及弯曲附加应力等后屈曲行为进行分析，修正了管柱轴向载荷计算模型。

Wings blackish-brown with two conspicuous ground-yellow maculae on the median cell of forewing and S-shaped outer transversal line with ground-yellow reached two-thirds of posterior margin, and hindwing with a small brownish-black spot on the center of upper and lower surfaces. Average wingspan 24.64 ± 0.58 mm (range = 20.50-28.00mm), and male adults averaged 8.56 ± 0.18 mm long (range = 7.50-9.20mm) by 3.85±0.12 mm wide (range = 3.50-4.80mm).

雄成虫，体长8.56±0.18mm(范围7.50～9.20mm)，翅展24.64±0.58mm(范围20.50～28.00mm)；触角长度不超过前翅的1／2；前翅正面由黑褐色鳞片组成翅的底色，中室端横脉内有一较大的土黄色或桔黄色斑纹，外横线明显、土黄色、从翅前缘伸至后缘呈反&s&形弯曲，到达后缘2／3处；后翅中部有黑褐色小斑。

Secondly, a theoretical dual rigid-plastic modal under lateral impact of blunt indenters is firstly developed in order to predict damage pipeline which is fully clamped across a span based on rigid-plastic beam on a perfectly plastic foundation, which is made up of a rigid-plastic sub-beam and a rigid-plastic basic-beam, the rigid-plastic sub-beam is used to predict denting deformation, the rigid-plastic basic-beam is used to predict global deformation, the sub-beam and the basic-beam interact by a perfectly plastic foundation.

为了更好地估计钝头弹体冲击对管道造成损伤，在刚塑性地基梁模型的基础上，首先提出了一种新的理论计算模型一双重刚塑性梁模型，由一子梁和一基梁构成，子梁用来估计弹体撞击造成的局部损伤，基梁用来估计弹体撞击造成的整体弯曲，子梁和基梁通过基础反力相互作用。

Meanwhile, the process of stress turn over of wide sheet bending forming is described by introducing a thought of dividing the sheet into three layers, so it is more accurate and popular.

同时，借鉴分三层思想，较好地考虑了宽板在弯曲成形过程中部分纤维层应力反号过程，因此具有较好的精确性和较强的普适性。最后，以铝板为例进行分析，发现计算值和实验值吻合较好。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。