反弯

Therefore, the 'generalized velocity unit' was introduced on the assumption that the surface velocity in the direction perpendicular to the line is a steady velocity frame with the topographic relief. The 3-D tomostatics velocity inversion was improved to suit the crooked wide line geometry.

为此，在假设垂直测线方向上表层速度是随地形起伏的稳定速度结构的情况下，引入"广义速度单元"概念，对三维层析静校正速度反演过程加以改进，使其适合宽、弯线资料观测系统。

For this reason, the project creates the mathematical model and numerical method of backcalculation of layer moduli in asphalt pavement based on homotopy method in accordance with the theories of differential topology and optimization. Through selecting the rational objective functions of backcalculation of moduli, a large number of deflection basins of asphalt pavement with FWD are made the backcalculation of moduli to solve effectively the present problems and ensure the reliability of backcalculation of layer moduli in asphalt pavement.

为此，本项目根据微分拓扑和最优化理论，建立了基于同伦方法的沥青路面模量反算的数学模型和计算方法，并通过选取合理的模量反算目标函数，对大量FWD实测的沥青路面弯沉盆进行了模量反算，从而有效地解决了目前存在的问题，保证了沥青路面模量反算的可靠性。

Based on the load transmission mechanism of space truss, and referenced theanalysis of test materials, a formula for calculating the bearing capacity of reinforcedconcrete compression strut is introduced. By using the theory of plastic hinge-line, anupper limit solution of bent bearing capacity for four-pile cap, which coincidesprecisely with the practical measurements, is obtained. By utilizing the reaction ofthe soil under cap and by basing on the method of plastic ultimate analysis, an upperlimit solution of punching shear bearing capacity for pile cap is acquired, which. coincides precisely with the practical measurements, and the formula is similar to thecode.A brief discuss on cooperative work of strip beam of foundation and single rankof piles is made. Separately considering the pile-cap and the pile-group, thencoupling their matrix of rigidity, the inner force of pile-cap is solved by the numericalmethod under some reasonable supposition. In comparison with other method, thecalculating results are exact, reliable and convenient in using. The method provides apowerful tQol fOr further analysis and research on this kind of structure.

本文以空间桁架传力机理为基础，结合试验资料分析，推导了钢筋混凝土等边三桩承台受冲切承载力计算公式；根据塑性铰线理论，导得了与试验结果吻合良好的四桩承台受弯承载力的上限解；利用承台底土反力分布，根据塑性极限分析方法，导得了桩基承台受冲切承载力的上限解，在此基础上，通过简化假定，得到与规范公式相类似的承台受冲切承载力实用公式，该公式能方便考虑台底土反力作用，与试验结果的吻合程度比规范公式好；简要讨论了桩基条形承台梁与单排桩的协同工作分析；在一些合理假定的基础上，将承台与群桩分开考虑，分别得到其刚度矩阵后进行耦合，通过数值方法求解承台内力，算例表明，该方法结果准确，使用方便，为该类结构的进一步分析研究及工程设计提供了强有力的工具。

There has been about 20 years for the study of pavement layer properties backanalysis based on Falling Weight Deflectometer deflection testing, from which some researches have been used progressively in actual engineering.

围绕落锤式弯沉仪弯沉检测所开展的路面结构材料特性反演已有20年左右的时间，一些研究成果已在工程中得到日益广泛的应用。

Furthermore, the data of falling weight deflectometer and the system identification method are jointly used in conjunction with the proposed procedure for estimating material properties from responses of multi-slabs on foundation. The analysis is based on quasi-static linear elastic, dynamic frequency domain fitting and dynamic time domain fitting.

然后，将落锤式弯沉仪所记录的输入和输出值时程曲线，根据系统识别原理和灵敏度分析理论，建立材料参数的拟静力反演分析方法、频域反演分析方法和时域反演分析方法。

To the engineering problem of nondestructive testing and evaluation for rigid pavement and airfield pavement, an efficient and reliable numerical procedure for back calculating material properties of multiple slabs on multi-layered foundation through the data measured from insitu falling weight deflectometer tests is presented.

本文针对应用落锤式弯沉仪评价刚性路面和机场道面这一工程实际问题，根据刚性路面力学模型，提出了层状非均质地基及其与多块板相互作用和反分析的有效方法。

According to the characteristics of huge underground openings and the layered rock mass, the author finds that the rock mass of side wall along the dip direction is easy to slide along bed plane and the rock mass of side wall athwart the dip direction is easy to bend. The possible geological problems of excavating underground openings in layered rock mass are analyzed, some corresponding countermeasures are also put forward.

结合巨型地下洞室群工程及陡倾角层状岩体的特点，通过分析得出陡倾角层状岩体中大型地下洞室顺倾向侧高边墙岩体易于顺层滑动、反倾向侧高边墙岩体易于倾倒弯折变形破坏的特点，并提出了围岩稳定可能面临的工程地质问题，以及可供采用的对策技术。

Therefore, the 'generalized velocity unit' was introduced on the assumption that the surface velocity in the direction perpendicular to the line is a steady velocity frame with the topographic relief. The 3-D tomostatics velocity inversion was improved to suit the crooked wide line geometry.

为此，在假设垂直测线方向上表层速度是随地形起伏的稳定速度结构的情况下，引入&广义速度单元&概念，对三维层析静校正速度反演过程加以改进，使其适合宽、弯线资料观测系统。

Up in addition to new homes, we should pay attention to wash sometimes decoration, says the drainage basins and bathtub have installed water-seal bowls and defected bends, or fear for their closure results can be located below a hose s bends, it can increase in water-seal.

防积存除了在新居装修时要注意洗面盆、洗菜盆和浴盆的排水有没有安装水封碗和反水弯，或者担心其封闭效果，可以将下面的软管弯成一个S弯，这样做可以增加一道水封。

Based on the analysis, made qualitative calculation of the various curvatures of the straightening process applying elastoplastic bending theory. The method of determining curvature of the inverted bending curvature of the axis of being straightened pipe is put forward with which straightening quality is guaranteed in the first place and solved the key problem that have not been solved for a long time. All of these provided theorial basis for the design of bending pipe straightening roller. and setting down of adjusting rule.

在此基础上，运用弹塑性弯曲矫正理论对管材矫正过程中的多次弹塑性弯曲矫正的各曲率进行了定量计算，在保证矫正质量的基础上，对管轴反弯曲线曲率的确定进行了研究，解决了弯管辊形设计中久未解决的最为关键的问题，为弯管辊形矫正辊的合理设计和矫正规程的制定提供了理论基础。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失