反应率

A method was developed for synthesis of DBP catalyzed with non-proton acid and the result showed that aluminum oxide can be used to synthesize dibutyl phthalate characterized with high reaction activity,good selectivity and high rate of conversion,but less environmental pollution.

通过研究非质子酸催化合成增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的方法，探讨了合成的最佳工艺条件。实验结果表明，Al2O3催化酯化合成邻苯二甲酸二丁酯具有反应时间短、反应活性和选择性好、产率高、无环境污染等优点、是理想的合成DBP的催化剂。

The secondary injury following graded ONIs is reflected by time course, survival ratio and loss ratio of RGCs and axons. The regeneration is observed by TEM and explored by immunohistochemical detection of growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) by TEM and modified Glees silver impregnation on which the regeneration index is based to evaluate the regenerating ability following graded ONI.

利用视网膜节细胞和轴突计数的方法以及节细胞和轴突的存活率和丢失率观察不同程度视神经损伤后的继发损伤反应，利用透射电镜和GAP-43免疫电镜技术以及神经特殊染色技术观察损伤后的再生反应，并基于银染技术用再生指数衡量不同程度视神经损伤后神经再生能力。

The reaction temperature has significant effect on consequent hydrolyzation and sugar conversion in the range of 374～386 ℃, and the highest concentration of oligosaccharides and hexoses was obtained around the critical point.

研究表明，反应温度达到380 ℃及以上时，纤维素可迅速溶解并进行水解，液化比例可达100%；在374～386 ℃范围内反应温度对纤维素的转化率有明显作用，低聚糖和六碳糖的总产率在临界点附近出现最大值。

According to the results of the examination, the stronger the electron-withdrawing protective group of imines, the better the cis-selectivity of the reaction, 68% yield, trans:cis is 99:1 diastereoselectivity could be leaded by Ts-imines (4-methyl-N-methylene-benzenesulfonaides) with a substituent [2,4-(CH3O)2C6H3], Substrate scope investigation revealed that a wide variety of ketenes and imines could react smoothly to afford corresponding,β-lactams.

实验结果表明，亚胺的保护基团吸电子能力越强，越有利于顺式产物的生成。对甲苯磺酰基保护的取代基为2，4-二甲氧苯基的亚胺参与的该反应可得到68%的产率，反式：顺式=99：1的非对映选择性。底物拓展过程中发现Staudinger反应适用于多种不同的亚胺与烯酮。

The synthesization technics of MPEG- MAA was studied in this paper,which is an important intermediate used for preparation of polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

本文对制备聚羧酸系减水剂的重要中间体——甲基丙烯酸聚乙二醇单甲醚酯的合成工艺进行了研究，考察了反应时间、催化剂对甲苯磺酸的用量、阻聚剂对苯二酚的用量、反应温度及甲基丙烯酸与聚乙二醇单甲醚的用量比对酯化率的影响。

Results showed that amino acid cheleted iron was molecular coordination compounds in liquids and had low molar conductivity, Among them, methionine chelated iron and glycine chelated iron was stable in pH 2.0~6.0 solution, the histidine cheleted iron was stable in pH 2.0~8.0 solution .

为探索更有效的脱酸方法，实验研究了在固相体系中气流A脱酸的可行性，结果发现，气流A既能起到很好的脱酸效果，又能缓慢地引发螯合反应，维持反应体系温度的稳定，其脱酸率达到94.60%。

We have synthesized a series of 4,4′ perfluoro-alkylated bipyridine ligands[4,4′- bis(RfCH2OCH2)-2,2′-bipyridine , Rf=HC4F8(1a), HC8F16(1b), C3F7(1c) and C10F21 (1d)] by nucleophilic substitution reactions. The reaction of fluorinated alkoxide on 4,4′-bis-2,2′-bipyridine results in the systheses of these four fluorinated ligands. These reactions are high yieldings and purification is easy. The structures are analyzed by GC-MASS、NMR、FT-IR etc.

中文摘要我们已合成出一系列在联吡啶的4，4′位置有两个氟化烷基侧链的联吡啶配位基[4，4′-bis(RfCH2OCH2)-2，2′-bipyridine ， Rf=HC4F8(1a)， HC8F16(1b)， C3F7(1c)及C10F21(1d)]，经由亲核取代反应，由4，4′-bis-2，2′-bipyridine反应而得，并具有不错的产率，其纯化也简易可行，所合成之产物并可用GC-MASS、NMR、FT-IR鉴定其化学结构。

The effects ofreaction temperature, reaction time, BPO and St concentrations,Oxygen on grafting ratio were studied.

研究了反应温度、反应时间、BPO浓度、苯乙烯浓度以及氧气对接枝率的影响。

The target molecules were synthesized through a Sonogashira coupling reaction of 1-trans-4-(trans-4-n-pentylcyclohexyl)cyclohexylacetylene and 4-iodo-2,3-difluoro- phenyl ether with total yields of 27%～28%.

目标化合物采用1-trans-4-(trans-4-正戊基环己基)环己基乙炔与4-碘-2，3-二氟苯基醚进行Sonogashira偶联反应制备，反应总产率27%～28%。

The reaction conditions, such as the ratio of the reactants, reaction temperature and reaction time, were optimized.

考察了原料摩尔比、反应温度和反应时间对产率的影响。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！