反应率

In the absence of organic solvent and phase-transfer reagent, the catalytic oxidation of cyclo- hexene to adipic acid with aqueous 30% hydrogen peroxide can be achieved in the presence of tungstic acid/acidic organic additive.

以钨酸/有机酸性添加剂为催化体系，在无有机溶剂、相转移剂的情况下，催化 30%过氧化氢氧化环己烯合成己二酸。当钨酸∶有机酸性添加剂∶环己烯∶过氧化氢=1∶1∶40∶176(摩尔比，钨酸用量为 2.5 mmol)时，使用有机酸性添加剂考察钨酸的催化性能，结果表明以钨酸/间苯二酚催化氧化环己烯的催化效果最优，反应 8 h 时己二酸分离产率达 90.9%、纯度为～100%；而不使用有机酸性添加剂时，己二酸分离产率只有 72.1%，产品纯度为 96.2%。

It showed that the yield of hydroxyacetic acid reached above 99.5%, the extracting efficiency was over 97%,and the product with purity of more than 96% was obtained. Extractant and solvent also can be reused.

实验结果表明：羟基乙酸合成的反应产率达99.5%以上，羟基乙酸萃取率达97%以上，最终收率达96%，萃取剂与溶剂均可循环使用。

With increasing the percent of azide substitution, maximum temperature of thermal degradation is also increscent, a linear relationship exists between the glass transition temperature of B and percent of azide substitution.

随着叠氮化反应程度的加深，最大热分解温度升高，不同程度叠氮化取代率的叠氮聚醚多元醇的玻璃化温度与叠氮化取代率成线性关系。

The effects of various reaction parameters including the dosage of the catalyst, the molar ratio of acetic acid to isoamyl alcohol and the reaction temperature are investigated.

在相同反应条件下，它催化异戊醇的酯化率明显高于以α-MnO_2纳米棒、γ-MnO纳米棒和Mn_3O_4纳米粒子作为催化剂时的酯化率。

When the amount of SO(superscript 2- subscript 4)/ZrO2 catalyst was 7% of the mass of β-pinene, the yield of product was 62.0%, and the mass ratio of borneol to isoborneol in the product was 13.6:48.7. When the amount of S2O(superscript 2- subscript 8)/ZrO2 catalyst was 7% of the mass of β-pinene, the yield of product was 66.7%, the mass ratio of borneol to isoborneol in the product was 11.5:49.5. Both two catalysts were poor for borneol selectivity.

在上述反应条件下，当催化剂SO(上标 2-下标 4)/ZrO2用量为7%时（以β-蒎烯质量计，下同），粗龙脑产率为62.0%，产品中正、异龙脑比为13.6：48.7；当催化剂S2O(上标 2-下标 8)/ZrO2用量为7%时，粗龙脑产率为66.7%，正、异龙脑比为11.5：49.5；这两种催化剂对正龙脑选择性比较差。

The results indicated that the optimized condition of ferric-carbon microelectrolysis is pH=2, Fe/C=1∶2, HRT =2 h.

实验结果表明，最合适反应条件是进水pH值为2、铁碳比1∶2、停留时间为2h，在此条件下CODCr去除率可达64%以上，且进水浓度的变化对去除率影响不大。

Methods Blood samples were obtained from 5 patients with AIDS, the C2~C3 region of HIV-1 envelope gene was amplified by nested polymerse chain reaction from plasma of each patient, and then subject to sequencing, clonal-quasispecies analysis, and the accumulation of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions as well as ds/dn ratios were calculated.

采用套式聚合酶链反应方法对5例艾滋病患者血浆HIV-1 env基因C2~V3区进行PCR扩增，产物经纯化后克隆至pMD-18T载体中，每例患者分别挑取5~8个克隆，共34株，完成阳性克隆的鉴定、抽提纯化和测序，将获得的DNA序列及核苷酸序列进行分析，并计算其核苷酸同源替换率与非同源替换率的比值。

Alkyl manganese pentacarbonyl compounds5MnR (R = CH3, p-CH2C6H4CH3, p-CH2C6H4OCH3) were synthesized by metalation of manganese pentacarbony potassium salt with corresponding alkyl halides in ether. Photolysis of these with 1-2 equivalent of (CH3)2(C6H5)SiH or (CH3)(C6H5)2SiH in C6D6 solution at 5℃ produces silyl manganese pentacarbonyl compounds5MnSi(C6H5)(CH3)2 and5MnSi(C6H5)2(CH3) respectively (yield 70-88%).

用五羰基锰钾盐和相应的卤代物在乙醚中的金属化反应合成了五羰基锰烷基合物5MnR（R = CH3，p-CH2C6H4CH3， p-CH2C6H4OCH3 ），产率达到72-93％，将这些化合物与1-2当量(CH3)2(C6H5)SiH和(CH3)(C6H5)2SiH的C6D6溶液在5℃光解，分别得到五羰基锰硅烷基化合物5MnSi(C6H5)(CH3)2和5MnSi(C6H5)2(CH3)（产率达到70-88％）。

Their corrosion inhibition action of stainless steel in hydrofluoric acid is studied by adsorption theory and electrochemical polarization-curve method,the mechanism of corrosion inhibition action is analyzed.the result shows that the single molecule layer of these compounds is adsorbed on the surface of the stainless steel and followed Langmuir isothermal equation. the adsorption procedure of propiolic alcohol is endothermic reaction, the adsorption ability and corrosion inhibition efficiency increased when temperature rised. The adsorption procedure of other three compounds are all exothermic reaction , the adsorption ability and corrosion inhibition efficiency decreased when temperature increased.

实验结果表明：这几种物质在不锈钢表面产生单分子层吸附，并且满足Langmuir吸附规律，丙炔醇的吸附过程为吸热反应，随着温度的升高，吸附能力增强，缓蚀率升高；其它三种化合物的吸附过程均为放热反应，温度升高，吸附能力下降，缓蚀率降低。

After 3 hours rection time, the removal of COD and NH3-N are up to 95% and to 70%;(3) A polot (0.25t/h) study of municipal waste water treatment by photocatalysis-ozonation was done in Wuhan municipal wastewater treatment plant.

结果表明，在反应3hr后，废水中COD去除率达到95%，氨氮去除率达到70%；(3)在武汉水质净化厂完成了UV/ TiO_2/O_3法处理城市污水中试研究(0.25t/h)，在停留时间为2hr时，COD出水低于30mg/L，此时吨水处理成本为2.56元。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！