反应率

When the sodium lauryl sulfate and p-octyl polyethylene glycol phenyl ether is used and its level in 3% and 6: 4 ratio, the polymerization process has the lowest coagulum and the highest monomer conversion. Higher reaction temperature and more level hydroxyl value lead to more coagulum, the latter also lead to larger particle size. The acid value has larger influence on viscosity and coagulum, there exist a best range. The emulsion particle size is larger for its hydrophilicity, most of its particles are connected together.

在含较高亲水单体的乳液聚合体系中，难以制得稳定的预乳化液，不能采用工业生产中常用的预乳化工艺，而只能采用混合单体直接滴加的方法；由于单体混合物的亲水亲油值较高，用阴离子型乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠和非离子型乳化剂聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚混合，用量为单体总量的3％，且比例在6：4时，乳液聚合时具有最低的凝聚物含量和最高的单体转化率；乳液聚合反应温度升高，可以提高单体转化率，增加反应速度，但凝聚率相应提高；随着羟基单体含量的增加，聚合过程中凝聚率增加，聚合物乳胶粒平均直径增加；羧基单体有一个最佳的用量（2.6％），过高或过低凝聚率均提高；羧基含量对乳液的粘度有较大的影响，当羧基含量较低时，羧基含量增加，乳液粘度增加明显；含羟基乳液粒子由于含亲水基团较多，使得乳胶粒径增大，乳胶粒子大多数互相凝聚在一起，处于凝聚态。

The results showed that the optimum conditions for pretreatment of coking wastewater were 6 g activated carbon per liter, 30 ℃, pH=9 and reaction for 20 min, under which the removal efficiency of organic pollutants are more than 70%. Among the 56 kinds of organic compounds, 45 kinds such as dolichoalkanes, polynucleation aromatic series, azacyclo compounds could be removed, and the removal ratios of amidobenzene, hydroxybenzene, indoleacetic, acid-2-methyl-phenyl-ester are 63.5%, 42.6%, 88.1%, 28.1% respectively, while cresol and xylenol are more than 70% and 85%.

结果表明，在最佳反应条件即活性炭投加量6 g·L-1，温度30 ℃，pH＝9，反应时间20 min的情况下处理废水有机物去除率大于70％，原水中检测出的56种有机物中的45种被去除，如长链烷烃、多环芳香族及氮杂环化合物等的浓度降至检测限以下，剩余的11种有机物中苯胺、苯酚、吲哚、乙酸-2-甲基苯酯的去除率分别达到63.5％、42.6％、88.1％、28.1％，甲苯酚和二甲苯酚(5种)去除率在70％和85％以上。

The study demonstrates that organic calcium removal rate increases with increasing amount of decalcification agent addition, injected water, reactor temperature and reaction time.

结果表明：有机钙的脱除率随着脱钙剂加入量、注水率、反应温度、反应时间的增加而提高；脱钙反应在弱酸性溶液中进行较为有利，脱钙剂水溶液的pH值以6。

The affections on the yield of DLLA caused by catalyst, temperature and time etc. were studied. By using ethylene glycol as diluent, the distillate temperature of DLLA was lowed and the carbonization phenomenon could be avoided, which caused the yield of DLLA increasing from 36.8% to 51.3%. The molecular weight of PDLLA prepared by this method could reach 184,000. DLLA and PDLLA was characterized and analyzed by DSC, XRD and IR.The key of direct method to synthesize PDLLA is the exclusion of H2O from reaction system.

丙交酯开环聚合制备PDLLA的关键在于中间体D，L-丙交酯的制备，研究了催化剂、反应温度、反应时间等因素对DLLA产率的影响，通过在反应体系中加入稀释剂乙二醇，DLLA的馏出温度明显降低，避免了DLLA在蒸馏过程中产生碳化现象，并使DLLA的平均产率由36.8％提高至51.3％，制备的PDLLA分子量最大值达18.4万。

Multiple-walled carbon Nanotubes were used as carrier to load cerous sulfate catalyst for catalytic synthesis of n-butyl propionate Single factor and orthogonal experiment methods were applied to investigate the effects of the molar ratio of butyl alcohol to propionic acid, cerous sulfate mass fraction and reaction time on the conversion of propionic acid and the optimal technical conditions were determined as:ratio of butyl alchhol and propionic acid 1.5:1, cerous sulfate mass fraction 15% and reaction time 70 min.

以多壁碳纳米管作载体担载硫酸铈催化合成丙酸丁酯。分别采用单因素和正交实验方法考察了醇酸摩尔比、硫酸铈质量分率和反应时间等主要因素对丙酸丁酯得率的影响，并确定了最佳工艺条件为：醇酸摩尔比1.5：1、硫酸铈质量分率15%和反应时间70 min。

Bis-imidazoline was prepared from triethylene tetraamine and N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal at 85℃ for 2 h with toluene as solvent, with a yield of 90.4%. The reaction of bis-imidazoline with 1,2-dibromoethane and potassium carbonate in acetonitrile provided with a monobromide salt yield of 78.7%. Hydrolysis of monobromide salt under aqueous causic solution formed 1,4,7,10-tetraazzcyclododecane in a 74.2% yield.

用甲苯作溶剂，使三乙烯四胺和N，N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲基缩醛在85℃反应2 h，得到中间体双咪唑啉，产率90.4%，在乙腈溶剂中，碳酸钾存在下，双咪唑啉和1，2-二溴乙烷进行扩环反应，得到环状中间体一溴盐，产率78.7%，一溴盐经碱性水解2 h，得到1，4，7，10-四氮杂十二烷，产率74.2%。

The main objective of this research project is to modify the Methyl-Acetylene/propadiene selective hydrogenation reaction system of the No.3 Naphtha Cracker in CPC. The original gas phase reaction system was redesigned to a liquid phase reaction so that higher propylene selectivity was achieved and lower rates of propane and green oil were produced. To recover effectively the higher production of valuable propylene from the reaction system, the following fractionator was also redesigned.

本研究之目的在於修改中油公司三轻工场老旧的甲基乙炔／丙二烯选择性氢化气相反应系统，使成为液相反应系统，藉由液相反应的优异性，提高由MAPD氢化得到丙烯之选择率，同时降低丙烷及绿油产率，以增加丙烯产率，另亦修改丙烯精馏系统，以提升蒸馏塔提纯之效率。

The thermal property studies indicate that the mass loss of compound B was 54.39% at 242.2~750℃, and when the temperature was 1000℃, there was 25.11% char residue left, which showed that the title compound has a good thermal stability and char forming capability. Using acetonitrile as the solvent instead of trichloromethane or 1, 2-dichloethane gave higher yield. During the synthesis, the yield was very low when triethylamine was used as acid acceptor alone, and when a little amount of 4-dimethylaminopyridine was added at the same time, the yield could be 81%.

结果表明，所合成的化合物B的结构与预期的结构一致；热性能研究表明，化合物B在242.2~750℃质量损失为54.39%，1000℃时仍有25.11%的炭残渣，显示出优异的热稳定性和成炭性；在相同反应条件下，用乙腈作为溶剂的反应产率比使用氯仿和二氯乙烷为溶剂的高，并且在合成过程中，单独使用三乙胺作为缚酸剂时产率很低，而当同时加入少量4-二甲氨基吡啶时，产率可达81%。

When the molar ratio of tungstic acid∶acidic organic additive∶cyclohexene∶ hydrogen peroxide was 1∶1∶40∶176 (tungstic acid, 2.5 mmol) and the tungstic acid/resorcinol used as catalyst, the isolated yield of adipic acid was up to 90.9% for 8 h.

当使用磺酸水杨酸、草酸、水杨酸为有机酸性添加剂时，随反应时间的增加，己二酸分离产率均升高，但反应 6 h 以后，己二酸分离产率随时间的变化不明显。当磺酸水杨酸用量为 2.5 mmol 时，己二酸分离产率和纯度均较高。

At equilibrium,the rate of the metal dissolution is equal to the rate of the cathodic reaction,and the rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the current density by Faradar's law ;therefore:（6）and the Nernst equation can be rewritten(7)where B is a constant and i0 is the exchange current density,which is defined as the anodiccurrent density at the standard electrode potential.

在平衡，金属溶解的率与负极反应的率是相等的，并且反应的率与电流密度直接地是比例由Faradar的法律；因此：(6)和能斯脱等式可以被重写(7) B是常数的地方，并且i0是交换电流密度，被定义作为正极电流密度在标准电极电位。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。