反应物

The effects of some factors, such as reaction temperature, reaction time, substrate concentration and yeast concentration, on the acetophenone conversion and- 1-phenylethanol enantioselectivity were investigated by orthogonal experiments.

研究了酵母细胞催化芳香酮的不对称还原反应，采用正交试验综合考察了反应温度、反应时间、底物浓度和酵母浓度等因素对底物苯乙酮转化率和产物1苯基乙醇对映选择性的影响。

Through analysis of the components of coking on different parts of desullfur system of single tower and the waste water containing sulfur , we find the cause of coking in the stripping desulur system from single tower is the polymerization reaction of carbohydrate and the separattion of varied solid powders, organic compounds, and all corrosive productions of metal out of waste water in high temperature, therefore,the solving method is how to decrease the oil content ,how to depolymerize form the carbohydrate and how to antisepticize by vapour of waste water.

对单塔脱硫系统中不同部位的垢物及现场催化含硫污水进行了分析测定，结果表明：塔内污垢成分及含量随塔体部位的不同而不尽相同，单塔汽提脱硫系统中垢物的形成，主要是由于污水中所含各类粉尘、有机物、金属腐蚀物等在高温下因石油碳氢化合物的析出及其单体的聚合反应所致。如何降低污水中的含油成分、减少聚合反应的生成、防止污水蒸气对塔体材料的腐蚀，是阻垢、除垢和防垢应解决的关键问题。

In my opinion, Cu complexes with unsaturated alcohol to form a complex compound; the nitrogenous compound introduced serves as the complex compound's stabilizing agent and reduces activation energy of reaction; TMPO serves as oxygen carrier and displays it's selective oxidation function. This new method and mechanism also demonstrates significance to other similar organic reactions.3 In the chlorohydrin reaction, NaCIO is replaced by Ca2see Chapter4.4.3.4(2 .A, this method hasn't been reported in previous literature,which exerts more buffer action to the react system, the yield increased from 52% to 88.6%; at the same time it solve the problem of poor stability and low percentage composition of NaCIO.

认为：CuD与烯醇形成络合物：含氮有机物的引入起到稳定络合物，降低活化能的作用：而TMPO则充当携氧子起传递氧的作用，并具有选择氧化功能：这种新的方法和理论对类似的反应(不饱和醇类在络合体系下选择性催化氧化为对应的醛也具有重要的指导作用。3在异戊二烯的氯醇化反应中，用次氯酸钙代替次氯酸钠见第4章4.3.4(2.A，本方法未见文献报道，使反应系统更加温和，收率由52%提高到88.6%：并解决了次氯酸钠稳定性差、有效氯含量低的实际问题，具有重要的实用意义。

And VTMS is added in late stage of polymerization, in this situation the system has the lowest coagulum. When the hydroxyl value of such polymer increases, the coagulum decreases; and solid content of such polymer increases, the coagulum increases greatly, so it is difficult to get higher solid content emulsion.

采用正交实验方法，通过对有机硅改性丙烯酸乳液聚合过程中凝聚物含量、乳液粘度影响的研究，确定的最佳的反应条件是：以SLS/OP为乳化剂、比例为4/6、用量为2％、丙烯酸单体的用量1.5％、反应温度为75℃、改性剂VTMS用量是1.5％、改性剂后加入方式下聚合反应过程中有最低的凝聚物含量。

In order to explore the mechanism of polymerization between lignin from effluent of pulping process and lignin precursors, the method and mechanism of co-polymerization of coniferin with model compound of β-O-4 type lignin were investigated.

为了探讨造纸废水中残余木质素与木质素前驱物之间的聚合反应机理，研究了β-O-4型木质素模型化合物与木质素前驱物松柏醇－β-D-葡萄糖苷－[α-13C]的聚合反应方法及其反应机理。

The reaction of polyfluoroalkyl iodides with 4-pentenoic acids in the presence of sodium dithionite at room temperature in aqueous acetonitrile solution [CH〓CN: H〓O=3: 1 ] to gave the corresponding adducts, the latter could form γ-lactones 31～51 in the same medium in 62～92％ yield.

室温下，在乙腈/水[3：1]的介质中，多氟烷基碘化物在连二亚硫酸钠的存在下与4-戊烯酸及其在2或3位上具有取代基团的衍生物进行反应，反应2～5h，起先生成两者的加成物，该加成物无需分离，在同一介质中，可进一步反应得到相应的多氟烷基取代的γ-丁内酯31～51，产率62％～92％。

SSRs are very suitable for research on genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship since they are more reliable, co-dominant in heritance large number of alleles per locus, and abundance in genomes.

对椰子SSR反应体系进行了优化，确立了最适宜的体系：在20μL反应体系中，Mg2+、引物和dNTP的最适浓度分别为2.5mmol/L、0.3μmol/L、0.2mmol/L；TaqDNA聚合的最佳使用量为1U，模板DNA应加入50ng，引物最佳退火温度比每对引物Tm值较小者小2-3℃。

The results show that this reaction proceeds in two step: 1 silylene and formaldehyde form an intermediate complex, which is a kind of exothermal reaction with no barrier; 2 the intermediate complex isomerizes to sive the product. The barrier for the second step is 51.4kJ·mol^-^1 at MP2/6-31G^*//6-31G^* level (with zero-point energies correction). In view of dynamics and thermodynamics, it is between 300～400K that the reaction will have not only larger spontaneous tendency and equilibrium constant but also quicker reaction rate.

结果表明，此反应历程由两步组成：1硅烯与甲醛生成一中间配合物，是一无势垒的放热反应，2中间配合物异构化为产物，此步势垒经零点能校正后只有51.4kJ·mol^-^1(MP2/6-31G^*//6-31G^*)；从热力学和动力学的综合角度考虑，该反应在300～400K温度下进行为宜，如此，反应既有较大的自发趋势和平衡常数，又具有较快的反应速率。

Both catalytic activity and selectivity of Ru(PPh_3)_3Cl_2 were improved in ionic liquid BMImPF_6/DME medium.The conversion of hexene and selectivity ofβ-adduct for the hydrosilylation reaction of 1-hexene with triethoxysilane catalyzed by Ru(PPh_3)_3Cl_2 in ionic liquid BMImPF_6DME (V/V=1/4) medium at 90℃were 100% and 89.0%,respectively.

实验结果表明，在乙二醇二甲醚/离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐(BMImBF_6)(V/V =1/4)介质中，于90℃下，己烯与三乙氧基硅烷反应的转化率为100%，β加成物的选择性可达89.0%，而用Rh(PPh_3)_3Cl作为反应的催化剂，在纯离子液体BMImPF_6中，就可以高效催化烯烃与三乙氧基氢硅烷的加成反应，过渡金属Rh(PPh_3)_3Cl，Ru(PPh_3)_3Cl_2催化剂/离子液体BMImPF_6催化体系，不仅解决了产物与催化剂分离困难这一难题，同时，离子液体BMImPF_6的存在提高了过渡金属Rh(PPh_3)_3Cl，Ru(PPh_3)_3Cl_2催化硅氢加成反应的活性，特别是β加成物的选择性。

To test this concept in transplant recipients, we evaluated complement, complement regulator, and T cell/proinflammatory marker gene expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 71 archived heart transplant biopsies and correlated the results with the histologic grade of rejection. Significantly more transcripts encoding alternative pathway components factor B, C3 and properdin, and C3a receptor and C5a receptor were detected in grade 3 versus grade 0 or 1 biopsies. The grade 3 rejections also contained significantly higher amounts of CD3, interferon gamma, perforin, and granzyme B genes.

为了明确移植受者中该理论的正确性，我们采用RT-PCR的方法检测了71例心脏移植物活检标本中补体、补体调节物以及T细胞/促炎症反应标记物基因表达及其与排斥反应的组织学分级的相关程度。3级的排斥反应相比于0或者1级的排斥反应其活检标本中旁路途径成分因子B、C3以及备解素和C3a与C5a的受体表达均明显升高。3级排斥分那英同样存在更多的CD3、IFN-gamma、穿孔素和颗粒酶B基因的表达。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。