反应物

These dendritic NOBIN derived Schiff base ligands have been applied to titanium catalyzed hetero-Diels-Alder reaction of Danishefshy's diene and aldehydes, affording the corresponding 2-substituted 2, 3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-one in quantitative yields and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97. 2%ee). Comparing the reactivities and enantioselectivities of reaction catalyzed by the titanium complexes of these Schiff base ligands, it was found that a series of ligands L〓 were superior to the other three series of ligands L〓, L〓 and L〓, a significant positive NLE and a dendrimer effect existed in the L〓 dendritic catalyst system. The disposition of the dendritic wedges and the dendron size in the ligands were observed to have a significant impact on the enantioselectivity of the reaction.

NOBIN衍生的树枝状大分子希夫碱手性配体与钛形成的配合物在催化不对称杂Diels-Alder反应中的应用将得到的四个系列NOBIN衍生的树枝状希夫碱三齿手性配体与四异丙氧基钛形成的配合物用于催化Danishefsky's diene与醛的不对称杂Diels-Alder反应，通过反应条件的优化，获得了定量的收率和最高达97.2％ee值的对映选择性；考察了这四个系列NOBIN衍生的树枝状希夫碱钛配合物的催化活性和对映选择性，结果发现它们的活性次序依次为L〓≈L〓＞L〓＞L〓，对映选择性次序依次为L〓＞L〓＞L〓＞L〓。

The effects of different factors on the laser-induced graft polymerization on the PET surface were analyzed, and the mechanisms were discussed. The factors were: 1 Monomers with smaller molecules resulted in better modification than polymeric monomers. Acrylamide monomer was chosen as hydrophilic modifier finally; 2 Higher concentration of the monomer solution favored the graft reaction; 3 With the increasing laser fluence, the surface hydrophilicity of PET films increased at first, then decreased. More laser pulses led to a more hydrophilic surface; 4 Benzophenone as a photosensitizer hindered the graft polymerization; 5 The homopolymer retardant of ammonium iron sulfate hexahydrate in a proper concentration retarded the formation of homopolymers and promotes the graft copolymerization; 6 The solvent of monomer solution also affected the graft reaction. Different solvents functioned in different ways. Ethanol can promote the graft reaction because of the activity of hydrogen in its structure; 7 pH value of the monomer solution affects the polymerization rate, and a lower pH value was favorable to the graft reaction.

这些影响因素的作用分别为：1小分子单体的表面改性效果好，确定以丙烯酰胺为亲水性改性单体；2较高的单体溶液浓度有利于接枝反应；3激光能量密度增大，薄膜表面亲水性先显著增强，后又减弱；激光脉冲次数越多，改性后表面亲水性越强；4光敏剂BP对PET表面接枝聚合反应有阻碍作用；5适当浓度的均聚物抑制剂六水合硫酸铁铵能减少单体均聚物的生成，促进接枝聚合；6单体溶液的溶剂也影响接枝聚合的反应进程，不同溶剂的影响作用原理不同，含较活泼氢的乙醇能促进接枝反应；7溶液pH值影响单体聚合速率，pH值较低有利于接枝反应。

In this research, the activities of CWDE were measured by saccharifying according to the theory that red-brown amino compounds were produced when 3, 5-dinitro salicylic acid and aldehyde were heated together. And the testing conditions were made clear. The activity of Cx should be tested with optimal temperature of 50℃, optimal pH of 4.8, incubation time of 30 min, and optimal substrate of 0.6% CMC-Na. Due to the heat-libality, Cx should be sterilized more than 10 min. The testing conditions of the activity ofβ-G were almost the same with Cx except the substrate of 0.5% salicin and the sterilization time of more than 15 min.

主要取得了一下成果：(1)明确了条锈菌细胞壁降解酶活性测定的条件：羧甲基纤维素酶活性的测定条件为50℃，pH4.8，反应时间30min，底物浓度为0.6%羧甲基纤维素钠，以DNS法测定，且失活酶液的灭活时间应大于10min；β-葡萄糖苷酶活性的测定条件为：50℃，pH4.8，反应时间30min，底物浓度为0.5%水杨苷，以DNS法测定，且失活酶液的灭活时间应大于15min；果胶酶活性的测定条件为：50℃，pH4.8，反应时间1h，底物浓度为0.25%果胶，以DNS法测定，且失活酶液的灭活时间应大于10min。

When the concentration of MAH is higher than that of St, some MAH monomer reacts with St to form SMA, others can directly grafts onto PP macroradicals. When the amount of St added is higher than that of MAH, part of St monomer may preferentially react with PP macroradicals to form more stable styryl macroradicals, while others copolymerize with MAH, yielding SMA. MFR of the grafted PP is lower in this case. It is considered that MFR of the grafted PP is decided by concentration of free monomers, or, number of grafting reactive species. FTIR analysis confirmed the above mechanism.

当MAH单体用量多于St单体时，一部分MAH单体与St反应生成SMA，另一部分可直接与PP大分子自由基进行接枝反应；当St单体用量多于MAH单体时，除与MAH反应生成SMA之外的St单体可先与PP大分子自由基反应，并起到稳定PP自由基的作用，这时接枝物的MFR较小，亦即接枝物的MFR与体系中可进行接枝反应的活性种数目有关。

The Schiff base transitional metal complexes of various structures and their metallomicelles as peroxidase models for the phenol and phenolic derivant oxidation have been investigated. Some results are obtained from the studies:(1) the Schiff base transitional metal complexes have high catalytic activity for the phenol and phenolic derivant oxidation, and the structure of the complexes has a great effect on its catalytic activity;(2)a novel kinetic mathematical model for the complexes and their metallomicelles catalyzing the phenolic derivant oxidation has been established;(3) the feasibility and mechanism for the phenolic derivant oxidation catalyzed by the metallomicelle(as the mimetic model of peroxidase)have been discussed.

研究了冠醚Schiff碱金属配合物作为过氧化物酶的模拟模型对酚类物质氧化反应的催化作用，取得如下结果：(1)几种冠醚Schiff碱金属配合物对催化酚类物质氧化具有良好的催化活性，其中配体结构对其催化活性有较大的影响；(2)建立了金属配合物与表面活性剂形成的金属胶束催化酚类物质氧化反应的动力学数学模型；(3)探讨了金属胶束模拟过氧化物酶催化酚类氧化反应的可行性及其机理。

This paperindicated that it was good for condensation reaction when benzene-ring bearingelectron-attaching groups. It also showed that and the 6-hydroxyl group could bereacted with acyl halide, haloid ether and halo alkene, but not with halo alkane. It wasnot only the first time to find that the reaction product of D-mannitol and aromaticaldehyde is tri-condensation derivatives, but also the first time to obtain thep-phthaldehyde-sorbitol derivatives containing eight hydroxyl groups.

研究发现：苯环上有吸电子基团时对缩合反应有利；多元醇缩醛衍生物6-羟基除与酰氯反应外，也能和卤代酸酯、溴代烯反应，但不与卤代烷反应；首次发现D-甘露醇与醛反应主要得到三缩合物；首次合成了含有8个羟基的对苯二甲醛和山梨醇的缩合物。

The normally brominated Baylis-Hillman adducts were formed as the major product at low temperature. While at room temperature or heating, the α,γand β,β-dibrominated compounds were formed as the major products using 3-butyn-2-one and methyl propiolate or propynenitrile as substrate, respectively.

贫电子炔类化合物的Baylis-Hillman反应的研究在这部分工作中我们发现在用TiBr〓或BBr〓为Lewis酸催化贫电子炔类化合物和芳香醛的Baylis-Hillman反应时，温度对反应的影响很大：当反应在低温下进行时，通常生成的是正常的β-溴代的Baylis-Hillman反应产物；而在室温或加热条件下反应，以丁炔酮为底物时，主要生成的是α，γ-二溴化合物，而以丙炔酸甲酯及丙炔腈为底物时，主要生成的是β，β-二溴化合物。

The ISSR fingerprinting of 18 Japanese plum cultivars and 12 plum species or variety were established by using optimum system with primer 5"-9T-3"and 5"-9C-3", respectively. The identification rate of plum cultivars and species or variety was 100%. The effects of five important components on reaction of SSR were studied with Prunus salicina cv. Meilili. The results showed that the optimum concentration of five important components i.e. Tag DNA polymerase, Mg +, single primer, template DNA and dNTPs in 25 μL reaction system of SSR were 1.5u, 2.0mM, 0.8 μ M, 30~40ng and 0.16~0.24mM, respectively. The dendrograms of these cultivars was contructed according the Jaccard coefficient of similarity.

利用该优化体系，以5′-_9T-3′为引物，构建了中国李18个品种的ISSR指纹图谱，该引物可将这些品种完全区别开来；以5′-_9C-3′为引物，构建了李属6类种质资源的ISSR指纹图谱，该引物区分率为100％。4、中国李品种适宜的SSR反应分析体系是：25μL SSR反应体系中，Taq DNA聚合酶、Mg~(2+)、每个引物、模板DNA和dNTPs等5种成分的适宜浓度分别是：1.5u、2.0mmol·L~(-1)、0.8μmol·L~(-1)、30～40ng和0.16～0.24mmol·L~(-1)。5、采用RAPD、ISSR和SSR等三种分子标记技术对中国李品种资源54份和2个欧洲李品种进行了遗传多样性分析，并以品种间的遗传相似系数构建了Jaccard聚类树状图。

Fe2O3 acts as an activator more than a catalyst in the desulfurization reaction with lime. Fe2O3 acts as the "activation center" around which CaO particles are sulfurized. The new dispersal formation mode of product differs from the compact layer that used to be. And the pore structure of product layer on the surface of lime particles is optimized, which makes SO2 penetrate into core parts of lime more easily. As a result, the desulfurization reaction is developed deeper into the core parts of absorbent.

氧化铁所起的是改变石灰颗粒表层產物生成方式的活化作用，使反应生成物不会形成一个致密的外壳，而以氧化铁为活性中心进行硫化反应，形成了分散的硫酸钙產物堆积，改善了硫化过程中的表面孔隙结构，减少了石灰颗粒表面硫化產物层对反应气体向石灰颗粒內部扩散的阻力。

Based on the-references on the thermal imidization of polyand the polymer composition analysis,the thermal imidization mechanism of SMA with aniline was demonstrated to be a two-stage consecutive reaction,in which a second-order reversible ring-opening reaction of SMA to produce poly(styrene-co-N-phenyl-maleamic acid)and a first-order irreversible intrachain ring-closing reaction to form SNPMI were involved.

论文首先参考聚酰胺酸热环化反应，并通过SMA酰亚胺化产物的组成分析，确定了SMA与苯胺的热酰亚胺化反应机理为一个包含由SMA生成苯乙烯—N-苯基马来酰胺酸共聚物的二级可逆开环反应以及由SNPMA生成苯乙烯—N-苯基马来酰亚胺共聚物的一级不可逆分子内闭环反应在内的串联反应过程，其中第二步SNPMA闭环反应为控制步骤。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。