反应作用

This paper mainly introduces experimental methods and basic principle about gelled acid reaction kinetics. Through the reaction kinetics experiment of straight acid and gelled acid, the reaction parameters of acid - rock reaction and kinetic equation in different conditions were achieved.

介绍了胶凝酸反应动力学的试验方法及基本原理，进行了普通酸和胶凝酸与灰岩的反应动力学试验，得到不同条件下的酸岩反应动力学参数及反应动力学方程，对优化碳酸盐岩油藏酸压设计有一定的指导作用。

First, the speed of the reaction between mud acid and rock is very fast, the effective distance of acid is short, active acid can not reach deep formation.

首先，高温下常规土酸与地层矿物反应速度极快，酸液有效作用距离短，活性酸不能到达地层深部；其次，HF与铝硅酸盐的化学反应不是简单的一次反应，其副产物氟硅酸和氟铝化物还可与铝硅酸盐发生二次反应和三次反应，形成一系列不溶性的沉淀物，对储层造成严重伤害；第三，高温情况下酸液对井下管柱及工具腐蚀性很强，对缓蚀剂性能要求高。

Further investigation will potentially provide the practical technologies for the diagnosis of human acrosome reaction deficiency

孕酮具有促进人精子受透明带诱导顶体反应的作用；小鼠透明带溶解液具有诱导人精子产生顶体反应的效果并确定了mZPS诱导人精子顶体反应的量效关系，为建立人顶体反应缺陷症的实用诊断技术提供基础。

The blast power of TBE was higher due to the enhancement of afterburning to shock wave. The percentage of total energy released in explosive reaction of TBE was about 42% as analysis, which indicated that it had potential to be improved. A modified thermobaric explosive containing chemically active material was studied by experiment.

对含化学活性材料温压药剂M-TBE的实验表明：其冲击波曲线有两个规律的正压作用区；二次冲击波在火球区外形成，火球区内是后续燃烧反应对爆炸波增强而引起的压缩波积累压力平台；二次冲击波峰值压力不小于第一个冲击波的40%，二次冲量占总冲量的12.5%~43.7%，其对爆炸/冲击波威力的贡献不可忽略；化学活性材料对温压药剂的后续燃烧反应有增强作用，有利于二次冲击波的形成和传播。

Then Doripenem came into the market in the July ,2005. We studied the synthesis of Doripemen.Firstly, we synthesized the chemical 2 from the starting material------o-hydroxylphenylacylamine through Reformastky reaction, alkylation, Diekmann reaction, enolization, esterification and etc. Secondly, we synthesized the chemical 3 from L — hydroxylproline through the protection of carboxyl, amidogen and hydroxyl group, reduction by NaBr, SN_2 substitution and Mitsumobu reaction.

我们以水杨酰胺为起始原料，经Reformatsky反应、烷基化、Diekmann环合、烯醇化、酯化等反应合成双环母核2；再从L-羟基脯氨酸出发，经酯化保护羧基、保护氨基、保护羟基、硼氢化还原酯得醇、Sn2取代和Mitsumobu反应等合成巯基侧链3；最后由化合物3经脱保护、水解得硫醇，和化合物2在二异丙基乙基胺的作用下缩合，最后Pd／C催化脱保护，历经16步反应最终得到产物多尼培南。

Cells were collected to undergo HE staining and immunocytochemistry reaction against Thy-1 to identify RGCs. Axons length of retinal neurons and RGCs were measured by microruler under microscope respectively to evaluate the neurotropic effects of B vitamins in improving the regeneration and growth of axons for retinal neurons and RGCs. Finally, we observed the reaction of retinal neurons when exposed to the insult of glucose deprivation. The neuroprotection of B vitamins were also evaluated at the same time.

对B族维生素的神经营养和保护作用的研究过程分为三个阶段，首先确定维生素B族对视网膜神经元是否有神经营养作用，并根据细胞活力找出最佳有效作用浓度；然后在接种细胞的即刻用各种维生素的最佳有效作用浓度作用于视网膜神经元，并在不同时间终止培养，收集细胞，HE染色和RGCs的免疫细胞化学染色，分别测量视网膜神经元和RGCs的轴突长度，评价维生素B族是否有促进视网膜神经元和RGCs轴突再生伸长的神经营养作用；最后，观察视网膜神经元对低糖损伤的反应，及维生素B族对受损的细胞是否有保护作用。

The research of mechanism shows that the pathway of hydrocarbons oxidation performed with vanadium picolinic complexes as catalyst involves typical free radical chain mechanism.

对催化氧化反应机理的研究结果表明，本反应体系在钒氧吡啶酸络合物作用下，烃类的氧化反应按照自由基链反应机理进行，非均相催化剂遵循与均相催化剂相似的反应机理。

The pyrogenation relationship equation among staying time, temperature and the rate of volatile is acquired.

数值分析固态医疗垃圾在SMW-CFBC燃烧时，首次采用关联矩模型和PDF模型相结合的模型来确定存在组分浓度脉动、温度和反应度脉动情况下紊流燃烧速率，同时，考虑垃圾颗粒的挥发析出反应所引起的变质量对流体或气相中湍流的作用，颗粒变质量过程对气相中湍流反应的影响；有反应的颗粒相自身的影响问题；湍流对颗粒反应的影响。

In range of 300℃～900℃, all the transition metal oxide catalysts could get high ammonia conversion, during the initial stages of the reaction, the SO〓 conversion is relatively low since the catalysts have not been sulfureted, but it increases gradually and attain constant with rising temperature and time continuance,〓 is better than other catalysts in reactivity and elemental sulfur selectivity; XRD indicates that, in the SO〓-SCR process, stable transition metal sulfide is generated which is very important to SO〓 reduction and transition metal sulfide probably is the active phase of catalyst, further the reduction of SO〓 by H〓 to H〓S is the limiting step of all process, then the activity is somewhat related to its lattice oxygen yet not so notable; XPS indicates that little sulfur on surface exists as S〓 in sulfate, showing that TiO〓 could restrain the generation of sulfate.

对于过渡金属氧化物催化剂的研究发现，在300℃～900℃范围内，不同的催化剂均可获得很高的NH〓转化率，反应初期由于催化剂还未硫化，所以SO〓的转化率较低，随着温度升高和反应时间的延续，SO〓的转化率逐渐升高并达到了稳定值；七种过渡金属氧化物中，以〓对于NH〓还原SO〓反应的活性和选择性最好；XRD结果表明在NH〓-SO〓反应后生成了稳定的硫化物相，硫化物对SO〓的还原过程具有重要作用，催化剂的活性相可能是过渡金属硫化物，而且在硫化物催化剂上进行的H〓还原SO〓生成H〓S的反应是整个过程的速率控制步骤，所以催化剂的活性与其自身的晶格氧的氧化还原能力有一定的联系，但关系不明显；XPS结果表明催化剂表面的硫大部分以过渡金属硫化物的形式存在，只生成少量的S〓，说明TiO〓催化剂能够较好的抑制硫酸盐的生成。

On the other hand, steam can be used to restrain the side reaction such as hydrogen transfer reaction so as to increase the yield of light olefins by diluting the concentration of the reactant. In addition, minor steam can react with the feed hydrocarbon resulting in the decrease of coke and the formation of active hydrogen without the increase of hydrogen gas and light saturates that is not desirable.

另一方面，水蒸气不仅仅具有降低烃分压的作用，抑制了氢转移反应等副反应，对于低碳烯烃的产率有好的影响，而且在反应过程中，少量参与了反应，与烃类发生了水煤气反应，生成了活泼氢，不仅降低了焦碳的产率，并且没有提高氢气、低碳烷烃等不希望得到的产物。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。