反应作用

Dealcoholization temperature markedly influences the surface area and porosity of the resultant MAO-supports. When the support was pretreated at lower or higher temperature, the corresponding MAO-support shows very low surface area;2.XRD and IR analyses indicate that MAO has reacted with the residual ethanol in the supports, which is an important manner to get MAO fixed on the carrier. Morever, XPS analyse indicates that MAO can also be coordinated with MgCl_2, which is another way to get MAO fixed on the support;3.ICP and EDX analyses indicate that dealcoholization temperature not only determined the element content on the solid catalyst, but also influences the element distribution on the carrier;4.The activities of the supported phenoxy-imine catalysts and the properties of resultant polymers are strongly dependent on the dealcoholization temperature. The support (MSP-5) obtained by treating MgCl_2·2.56C_2H_5OH at 160℃for 4 h, then modified by MAO is very effective for immobilizing complex 3, the resultant solid catalyst (MSPC-5) shows very high activity in ethylene polymerization, and its kinetics of polymerization is stable during the reaction process. Finally, PEs with spherical morphology and high bulk density (over 0.35g/ml) were obtained, without reactor fouling;5.In this work, polymerization conditions such as alkylaluminums, Al/Zr ratio, temperature and H_2 had a pronounced effect on the activity of MSPC-5 and properties of PE;(3). New MgCl_2-Supported Single-Site Catalysts for Ethylene PolymerizationIn this work, a kind of new MgCl_2 support was obtained by anhydrous MgCl_2 co-milled with solid MAO, and it is a creative contribution. Then some single-site catalysts were supported on the new MgCl_2 support, and the resulted solid catalysts were tested in ethylene polymerization, the results indicated that:1.XRD and IR analyses indicate that MAO does be coordinated with MgCl_2, which is in good agreement with the results obtained by XPS;2.co-mlling time had no obvious effect on the texture of support after 12 hours;3.In this work, MgCl_2 was co-milled with solid MAO for different hours, and then complex 3 was supported on these co-milled supports. It was found that co-milling time markedly influences the activity of solid catalysts, but it had negligible effect on the kinetic profile and the properties of resultant PE.

XPS研究结果表明，MAO不仅仅只和乙醇作用，MAO还与MgCl_2本身有一定的作用，这是一个极为重要的发现；3、通过ICP和EDX表征，发现载体的脱醇温度直接影响着元素在固体催化剂中的含量及分布；4、脱醇温度极大地影响着负载苯氧基亚胺类催化剂的活性和聚合物的性能，特别是原始载体经160℃活化4小时制备得到的固体催化剂MSPC-5的活性明显高于其他脱醇温度条件下制得的固体催化，并且催化剂寿命长，表现出稳定的动力学行为，最终获得了高堆密度(大于0.35g／ml)的球形聚乙烯颗粒；5、本文选择MSPC-5为研究对象，考察了聚合反应参数对催化剂的活性及其聚合物的影响，研究发现：不同的烷基铝对催化剂具有非常重要的影响，特别足TIBA对MSPC-5的助催化活性最高，烷基铝的加入量有一个较佳值，聚合温度为80度时活性最高，H_2的加入使催化剂的活性明显降低且聚合物的分子量也减小；、新型氯化镁载体负载单活性中心催化剂催化乙烯聚合本文创造性采用固体MAO与无水氯化镁直接进行共研磨，制备出了一种的新型的氯化镁载体，并将该载体用于多种单活性中心催化剂的负载化研究，研究表明：1、通过BET、XRD的表征，再次证实了MAO与MgCl_2之间具有直接作用，与XPS的研究结果相一致；2、当研磨时间高于12小时时，延长研磨时间对载体的结构没有显著的影响；3、将配合物3负载于共研磨时间不同的一系列载体上，乙烯聚合结果表明，尽管共研磨时间对负载催化剂的活性具有明显的影响，但是它对聚合物的性能以及催化剂的影响不明显。

Dealcoholization temperature markedly influences the surface area and porosity of the resultant MAO-supports. When the support was pretreated at lower or higher temperature, the corresponding MAO-support shows very low surface area; 2.XRD and IR analyses indicate that MAO has reacted with the residual ethanol in the supports, which is an important manner to get MAO fixed on the carrier. Morever, XPS analyse indicates that MAO can also be coordinated with MgCl_2, which is another way to get MAO fixed on the support; 3.ICP and EDX analyses indicate that dealcoholization temperature not only determined the element content on the solid catalyst, but also influences the element distribution on the carrier; 4.The activities of the supported phenoxy-imine catalysts and the properties of resultant polymers are strongly dependent on the dealcoholization temperature. The support (MSP-5) obtained by treating MgCl_2·2.56C_2H_5OH at 160℃for 4 h, then modified by MAO is very effective for immobilizing complex 3, the resultant solid catalyst (MSPC-5) shows very high activity in ethylene polymerization, and its kinetics of polymerization is stable during the reaction process. Finally, PEs with spherical morphology and high bulk density (over 0.35g/ml) were obtained, without reactor fouling; 5.In this work, polymerization conditions such as alkylaluminums, Al/Zr ratio, temperature and H_2 had a pronounced effect on the activity of MSPC-5 and properties of PE;(3). New MgCl_2-Supported Single-Site Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization In this work, a kind of new MgCl_2 support was obtained by anhydrous MgCl_2 co-milled with solid MAO, and it is a creative contribution. Then some single-site catalysts were supported on the new MgCl_2 support, and the resulted solid catalysts were tested in ethylene polymerization, the results indicated that: 1.XRD and IR analyses indicate that MAO does be coordinated with MgCl_2, which is in good agreement with the results obtained by XPS; 2.co-mlling time had no obvious effect on the texture of support after 12 hours; 3.In this work, MgCl_2 was co-milled with solid MAO for different hours, and then complex 3 was supported on these co-milled supports. It was found that co-milling time markedly influences the activity of solid catalysts, but it had negligible effect on the kinetic profile and the properties of resultant PE.

XPS研究结果表明，MAO不仅仅只和乙醇作用，MAO还与MgCl_2本身有一定的作用，这是一个极为重要的发现； 3、通过ICP和EDX表征，发现载体的脱醇温度直接影响着元素在固体催化剂中的含量及分布； 4、脱醇温度极大地影响着负载苯氧基亚胺类催化剂的活性和聚合物的性能，特别是原始载体经160℃活化4小时制备得到的固体催化剂MSPC-5的活性明显高于其他脱醇温度条件下制得的固体催化，并且催化剂寿命长，表现出稳定的动力学行为，最终获得了高堆密度(大于0.35g／ml)的球形聚乙烯颗粒； 5、本文选择MSPC-5为研究对象，考察了聚合反应参数对催化剂的活性及其聚合物的影响，研究发现：不同的烷基铝对催化剂具有非常重要的影响，特别足TIBA对MSPC-5的助催化活性最高，烷基铝的加入量有一个较佳值，聚合温度为80度时活性最高，H_2的加入使催化剂的活性明显降低且聚合物的分子量也减小；、新型氯化镁载体负载单活性中心催化剂催化乙烯聚合本文创造性采用固体MAO与无水氯化镁直接进行共研磨，制备出了一种的新型的氯化镁载体，并将该载体用于多种单活性中心催化剂的负载化研究，研究表明： 1、通过BET、XRD的表征，再次证实了MAO与MgCl_2之间具有直接作用，与XPS的研究结果相一致； 2、当研磨时间高于12小时时，延长研磨时间对载体的结构没有显著的影响； 3、将配合物3负载于共研磨时间不同的一系列载体上，乙烯聚合结果表明，尽管共研磨时间对负载催化剂的活性具有明显的影响，但是它对聚合物的性能以及催化剂的影响不明显。

Specifically, itcontains 8 chapters.In chapter 1, the formation, structures, properties and the futureprospect of liposome were thoroughly reviewed;In chapter 2, the stibility and permeability of phopholipid -eleostericacid liposome were studied together with the effect of polymerizationof eleostearic acid. This membrane system was very sensitive to 〓,the effect of 〓 was clarified to increase the aggregation/fusion ofliposomes and made the permeability of mixed liposomes much higher;In chapter 3, two polymerizable conjugated diyne bolaamphiphiles were synthesized. They could form very stable mixed liposome, andthe diyne could be polymerized by UV light in bilayer liposomes, as aresult, the stability of mixed liposome against solvent or surfactantafter polymerization were enhanced. In chapter 4, two kinds of amphiphilic amino acids were synthesized andstable liposomes were formed therefrom After the condensationpolymerization of amino acid in bilayer liposomes, stable polypeptide liposomes were obtained, which had lower phase transition temperatureand higher permeability.In chapter 5, four kinds of glycolipids were synthesized and theiraggregation behavior in water was comparied. When incorporated intophospholipid bilayer membranes, they could increase the phase transitiontemperatures and inhibit the aggregation and fusion of mixedliposomesat lower temperature.In chapter 6 and 7, three kinds of steroidal bolaamphiphiles withdifferent chain lengths were synthesized. Incorporation of steroidalmoiety to the center of lipid bilayer membrane obviously increased themobility of lipid membrane and shifted Tc to lower temperature side incomparasion with cholesterol. The bolaamphiphile which was shorter thanthe hosted lipid bilayer membrane thickness influenced the lipid packingmore obviously.

全文共分8章：第一章对脂质体的形成、结构、性质及展望进行了较为详细的文献综述；第二章研究了磷脂-桐酸脂质体的稳定性，通透能力及桐酸的聚合对这些性质的影响；磷脂-桐酸混合脂质体为一类对〓灵敏的脂质体，〓的作用首先是使脂质体集聚然后使脂质体融合，并加速内包荧光物的释放；第三章通过合成两种可聚合共轭双炔双极性双亲分子DDCA，DDOL，研究了共双炔分子在双分子层脂质体膜上的聚合及对脂质体性质的影响，聚合可以提高脂质体相对于溶剂及表面活性剂的稳定性；第四章合成了两类氨基酸为极性基团的双亲分子，它们均可以在超声下形成稳定的脂质体结构；氨基酸基团可以在脂质体上进行缩聚反应，若聚合后脂质体表面仍有足够的亲水能力，则可得到稳定的多肽型脂质体；聚合后脂质体的相变温度降低，通透能力增加；第五章合成了四种亲水基团为单糖基的双亲分子GL-l，GL-2，GL-3， GL-4，研究了它们在水中的分散情况、集合体形态与分子结构的关系；在DMPC双分子层膜中加入糖脂分子可以使脂质体的相变温度提高，阻止脂质体在低温放置时的集聚与融合；第六章-第七章合成了三种不同碳链长度的双极性含胆甾环双亲分子 CL-1，CL-2，CL-3；它们可以象胆固醇一样与磷脂混合形成稳定脂质体，胆甾环基团位于脂质体双分子层膜的中间；与胆固醇的作用相反，它们可以增加磷脂双分子层膜的流动性，降低混合脂质体的相变温度；三种分子的作用与其碳链长度和磷脂双分子层膜的厚度有关，比膜厚度短的分子影响最大。

The cryptoexplosion of hypabyssal intrusive,due to a overpressure process resulted in phase change, is a very rapid physical reaction.

借助爆炸动力学理论讨论了隐爆作用的机制，提出隐爆作用的本质是因超压导致相变而发生的一种快速物理反应；而岩浆上侵至低围压的中浅层环境→气水组分分离并产生气泡→后续岩浆提供高压力梯度导致超压，即为隐爆作用得以发生的主要条件。

3When subjected to the seismic ground motion of the shock type, the shallow, thin and narrow liquefied lenticle may amplify the response of the building with short period.

计算结果表明：(1)所采用的方法与已有的模型实验结果有很好的对应关系，可用于分析建筑物存在下的场地砂土液化问题；(2)饱和砂土透镜体液化对短周期建筑物主要起到隔震作用，且随着透镜体厚度、埋深和宽度的增加以及场地输入地震动加速度的增大，减震效果有所增加；(3)在冲击型地震动作用下，埋深浅、宽度和厚度小的液化透镜体有时却对短周期结构加速度反应起到增大作用。

The present study suggests that endogenous PAF may play a certain role in. maintaining low pulmonar...

提示PAF的舒血管反应通过受体起作用，内源性PAF在维持肺动脉低张状态中可能起一定的作用，而在HPV中不起主要作用。

The results of batch experiments showed that the anaerobic biodegradation kinetics of 2-CNB and 4-CNB by granular sludge were follwed by first-order reaction. The nitro groups of 2-CNB and 4-CNB were more easily attacked by electron than chlorines and they were reductively biotransformed to amino groups under anaerobic conditions. The acclimated anaerobic granular sludge, which could dechlorinate 4-chloroanline to aniline, showed that it had the ability of para-dechlorinating. The anaerobic biodegradating on pathway of 2-CNB and 4-CNB were suggested as follows:AbstractIn ZVI(zero-valent iron, Fe0)-reduction system, the nitro groups of 2-CNB and 4-CNB were reductively transformed to amino groups.

2分批试验结果证明，颗粒污泥降解2-CNB和4-CNB遵循一级动力学，在厌氧条件下，CNB发生序列的硝基还原与脱氯作用，苯环上的硝基比氯原子更容易受到亲电子攻击，发生还原反应生成氨基；所获得的颗粒污泥具有对位脱氯活性，可使4-CA进一步脱氯形成苯胺。2-CNB和4-CNB厌氧降解的建议性途径为： ZVI(Zero-valentiron)对2-CNB和4-CNB的作用主要是将苯环上的硝基还原为氨基；在ZVI与污泥共还原转化体系中，ZVI对氯代硝基苯的硝基转化具有一定的促进作用，但因ZVI对中间产物的吸附特性，终产物形成速率趋慢。

(1) Oxidative/antioxidative reactions, inflammatory reactions, apoptosis in lung are involved in the pathogenesis of HILI;(2) ABX, rHuEPO have protective effects on HILI respectively;(3) Hyperoxia can increase VILI in rats, but has little effects with low tidal volume mechanical ventilation.

结论(1)氧化抗氧化失衡，炎症反应，肺内细胞凋亡参与了高氧所致成年大鼠肺损伤的过程；(2)ABX通过抗炎、抗氧化、抑制细胞凋亡作用对成年大鼠高氧肺损伤具有保护作用；rHuEPO通过抗炎、抗氧化、抑制细胞凋亡及一定程度的抗纤维化作用对成年大鼠高氧肺损伤具有保护作用；(3)高浓度氧能明显加重大鼠通气机所致肺损伤，而高浓度氧对小潮气量通气影响较小。

The Food and Drug Administration of USA hasapproved the use of this topical medicine for treatment of different malignant andpremalignant tumors such as actinic keratoses and basal cell carcinoma. Althoughimiquimods exact mechanisms of action in neoplastic diseases has not yet been fullyelucidated, animal and human studies have shown its ability to enhance the productionof cytokines such as interferon-, interleukin-12, and tumor necrosis factor- though conjugations with Toll like receptors on the surface of dendriticcells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage.

有关咪喹莫特抗癌作用的具体机制仍不十分明了，一般认为，咪喹莫特主要是通过与免疫相关细胞表面的Toll样受体结合、促进IFN-α、TNF-α、IL-12等多种前炎症细胞因子的分泌，进而激活天然与获得性免疫反应的方式发挥抗癌作用；进一步的研究发现，咪喹莫特尚能选择性的抑制某些皮肤肿瘤细胞的增殖并诱导其凋亡，提示增殖抑制和诱导凋亡可能是评价咪喹莫特抗肿瘤作用的重要指标和机制。

Results show that acid value of carboxylic wood powder from alkaline hydrolysis is higher,but its yield is lower than that from acid hydrolysis. The adsorption capacity of carboxylic wood powder for basic pink dye increased with increase of the initial concentration of the adsorbate,and could be kept over 500mg/g after repeated use and regeneration for 4 times.

实验结果表明：（1）在适量引发剂（FeSO4 * 7H2O=1g）和适当温度（60℃）作用下，可得到较高接枝增量和接枝率的PANW；（2）在PANW的水解反应中，在碱性催化剂作用下，可得到羧基含量高的产物，但收率较低；而在酸性催化剂作用下，则得到羧基含量低的产物，但收率较高；（3）羧基木粉对阳离子型染料--碱性桃红的吸附容量与起始浓度有关，本实验中，羧基木粉对碱性桃红的吸附容量最高可达500mg/g，对Cu2+的吸附容量最高可达39mg/g；（4）经0.3mol/LHCl再生4次后，羧基木粉对碱性桃红的吸附容量保持在440mg/g以上，在含有多种金属离子的溶液中，羧基木粉优先吸附Fe3+等硬酸型离子。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。