反应体

The mineral chemistry, trace elements and Sr-Nd isotopic geochemistry of different types of deep-seated inclusions indicate that Group Ⅰinclusions in western Shaudong could be the relicts of high degree of partial melting of the mantle-derived peridotites and then subjected to mantle metasomatism; the dunite and harzburgite in Group Ⅱ inclusions could be resulted from the metasomatism of silica-rich melts in the upper mantle; the olivine-pyroxenite and pyroxenite in Group Ⅱ and Group Ⅲ inclusions could be magmatic cumulates derived from magma underplating in the upper mantle.

不同结构类型深源岩石包体的矿物化学、元素和同位素地球化学研究表明，鲁西具有变质变形结构特征的橄榄岩类岩石包体为岩石圈地幔橄榄岩部分熔融后的残留体，其后又遭受了地幔交代作用的改造；具有变质变形结构，并叠加有矿物反应结构的纯橄岩和方辉橄榄岩类包体为古老岩石圈地幔被富硅质熔体改造的结果；具有残留岩浆结晶结构的橄榄岩、橄辉岩类岩石包体以及具有变晶结构或堆晶结构的辉石岩类包体为地幔更早期岩浆作用的在上地幔的堆积体。

The recent advances in the studies of phototropism are reviewed in this paper:more and more evidences support Bruinsma-Hasagawa hypothesis that tissues within the plant are affected by the Pfr gradient and express growth redistribution; Fluence-response studies of phototropism indicate that fPIPP and TDP are general types of multiple response types of phototropism; several photoreceptors involving phototropism have been characterized; four genetic loci affecting phototropism have been identified by mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana .

本文综述近年来植物向光反应研究方面的进展：（1）植物内部组织感受Pfr梯度引起生长再分布，越来越多的证据支持Bruinsma-Hasagawa假说；（2）光强-反应曲线的研究表明，向光反应存在多种反应类型，其中第一次正向光弯曲和第二次正向光弯曲最为普遍；（3）已鉴定了几种参与向光反应的光受体；（4）通过拟南芥突变体的研究确定了影响向光反应的4个基因。

A method of production of a reduction resistant dielectric ceramic composition having a superior low frequency dielectric characteristic and further improved in accelerated lifetime of insulation resistance, specifically a method of production of a dielectric ceramic composition containing a main component including a dielectric oxide of a specific composition, a first subcomponent including a V oxide, a second subcomponent containing an Al oxide, a third subcomponent containing an Mn oxide, and a fourth subcomponent containing a specific sintering aid in a specific ratio, including a step of mixing at least part of the materials of the subcomponents excluding one or both of at least the material of the third subcomponent and material of the fourth subcomponent with the starting materials prepared for obtaining the material of the main component to prepare the pre-reaction material, a step of causing the prepared pre-reaction material to react to obtain a reacted material, and a step of mixing the materials of the subcomponents excluded when preparing the pre-reaction material with the obtained reacted material to obtain a dielectric ceramic composition.

本发明提供一种介电陶瓷组合物的制造方法，其中介电陶瓷组合物以特定的比例含有如下成分：含有特定组成的介电体氧化物的主成分，该主成分可以提供具有优异的低频率介电特性的、绝缘电阻的加速寿命进一步提高的耐还原性介电陶瓷组合物的制造方法，含有V氧化物的第1副成分，含有Al氧化物的第2副成分，含有Mn氧化物的第3副成分，以及含有特定的烧结助剂的第4副成分；该方法包含如下工序：将至少除去第3副成分的原料和第4副成分的原料的一种或两种的其它副成分原料的至少一部分，与为了得到主成分原料而准备的起始原料混合，准备反应前原料的工序；使准备的反应前原料反应而得到反应后原料的工序；以及在所得的反应后原料中，混合在准备反应前原料时除去的副成分原料，得到介电陶瓷组合物原料的工序。

In the first part, it was investigated the interaction between Pb2+ and La4Ti9O24 ceramic bulk. The result shows that a significant Pb2+ diffusion into La4Ti9O24 ceramic bulk and a significant crystallization of the La2/3TiO3-type phase is clearly observed in the Pb2+ diffusion layer. The reacted zone consists of the La2/3TiO3-type phase exhibits the linear dependence of the square of the thickness, x, on the heat-treated time, t, in excellent agreement with the parabolic law x2 = kt, where k is the growth rate coefficient. The kinetic study thus indicates that the Pb2+/La4Ti9O24 interaction strictly obeys the theory of the reactive diffusion. Furthermore, the experimental k values were used to determine the associated activation energy, Ea, for the formation of La2/3TiO3-type phase using the Arrhenius plot and the following least-square equation, ln =-Ea/RT + A, where T is the annealing temperature, R is the universal gas constant, and A is a constant, resulting in Ea ~ 607 ?b 60 kJ/mol.

首先， 以巨观的方式观察PbO与La4Ti9O24陶瓷体介面的反应现象；利用X-ray绕射分析以及扫描式电子显微镜来观察不同的热处理温度以及不同的持温时间所制作的样品，研究结果发现， Pb2+离子会渗入到La4Ti9O24陶瓷内，同时在Pb2+离子所渗入的区域内会产生新的La2/3TiO3-type钙钛矿斜方晶相；藉由量测不同温度与时间之样品，其因Pb2+离子渗入而产生之La2/3TiO3-type相层厚度之关系，符合反应式扩散机制中 x2 = kt 之关系式(其中 x：扩散层厚度； k：反应速率常数； t：反应时间)；进一步将不同实验条件所得到之反应速率常数值代入Arrhenius方程式ln (k =-Ea/RT + A ，其中Ea：活化能； T：绝对温度； R：气体反应常数； A：常数，可以求得Pb2+离子与La4Ti9O24陶瓷发生反应式扩散所需之活化能为607 ± 60 kJ/mol。

The E-TOF will also be feasible and practical to assist chemists in screening the optimal reaction condition or evaluating the overall efficiency of different catalytic systems for a specific asymmetric reaction.4.For the first time,we explored chiralγ-hydroxy-α,β-acetylenic esters,which were prepared via asymmetric alkynylation,as key intermediates to the synthesis of chiralγ-butyrolactones. This convergent and enantioselective approach to chiralγ-butyrolactones is practical and easily handled with protecting group free.

这一概念包括反应产率、对映选择性、配体用量以及反应时间四个重要反应参数，不仅适用同一反应不同催化体系的横向综合性评价，而且适用于某一特定反应催化体系的优化过程，有助于研究人员选择最佳的反应条件。4、我们发展了以手性γ-羟基-α，β-炔酸酯为关键中间体完成了手性γ-丁内酯类天然产物的对映立体选择性全合成，该关键中间体能够以我们的催化体系方便的对映选择性合成，之后的官能团转换方法成熟，易于操作，无需进行繁琐的官能团保护和脱保护过程，绿色经济。

In the Cu-catalyzed enantioselective 1,4-conjugate addition of diethylzinc to acyclic enones, the reaction conditions, such as the amount of diethylzinc, solvents, temperature and the reaction time, were investigated in detail with 9a as the standard ligand and chalcone as the typical substrate.

考察了Et_2Zn量、溶剂、反应温度和反应时间等因素对反应的影响，得到了配体与Cu的摩尔比为2.5、1.5倍Et_2Zn用量、甲苯为反应溶剂、-20℃下反应6小时为不对称催化1，4-共轭加成的优化反应条件。

Xinquan HuTwo new chiral backbones R-- and S--2-amino-2"-hydroxy-4,4",6,6"-tetra methyl-1,1"-biphenyl were synthesized via nitration, diazotation/iodination, Ulhnann coupling, selective reduction, diazotation/hydrolysis, hydrogenation and resolution from 2,4-dimethyl-aniline in seven steps.

以2，4-二甲基苯胺为起始原料，经过硝化反应、重氮化碘代反应、Ullmann缩合反应、选择性双硝基单还原反应、重氮化水解反应、催化氢化反应和拆分，首次合成了--2-氨基-2'-羟基-4，4'，6，6'-四甲基-1，1'-联苯和--2-氨基-2'-羟基-4，4'，6，6'-四甲基-1，1'-联苯两个对映体。

The results showed that the addition leading to -2-phenyl-2-(2-vinylpiperidin-1-yl) ethanol 7 could proceed with good diastereoselectivity and excellent yield (95%).(3) The selective N-deprotection of -2-phenyl-2-(2-vinylpiperidin-1-yl) ethanol 2 without affecting the vinyl group in the substrate were untaken.(4) The Zip reaction for the transformation of -1-(3-aminopropyl)-3-methylazecan-2-one 8 to -7-Methyl-1, Sdiaza-cyclotetradecan-6-one 9 were undertaken. The results showed that, under controlled conditions, acceptable yields (43%) could be achieved and racemization can be minimized during the ring expansion reaction.

该合成路线与文献方法相比，反应条件较温和，也缩短了反应时间；(2)哌啶衍生物2与乙烯基格氏试剂进行加成反应的条件和立体选择性，取得了较好的结果（差向异构体比为80：20，产率95％左右）；(3)不饱和哌啶衍生物7在不影响碳碳双键的情况下去除苯基甘氨醇手性辅助基的条件；(4)具有羰基α位手性的氨基酰胺8在不同条件下经Zip重排反应转变为9的反应，控制反应条件，可使反应中消旋化减小到最小的程度。

Progesterone and #gamma#-aminobutyric acid could initiate the acrosome reaction in guinea pig spermatozoa,which was independent of extracellular Cl一in vdro,and a potentiation effect between progesterone and GABA was demonstrated.

在体外，孕酮和#gamma#-氨基丁酸可明显地引起豚鼠精子顶体反应，并且两者合并使用，对顶体反应的诱发有协同作用；这种反应不依赖于细胞外C1-。

Sapphire from Shandon and Hainan commonly have the reaction border, we found out this reaction border enriched with Fe,Mg,and K by testing its components; We also studied the inclusion in the sapphire, and found many KC1 crystal grain with variety of size, a melt inclusion enriched with K,Si, is also found, this may suggest an assimilationary-magmatic course; Besides that, another minerl inclusions such as enstenite, magnetite, chromite, zircon are also found.

观察到了山东、海南蓝宝石普遍存在的反应边，并测试了反应边的成分，证实其以富Fe，Mg，和K为特征；研究了蓝宝石里面的包体，发现蓝宝石里面存在着大小不等的KCl的结晶颗粒，还发现了富K富Si的熔浆包裹体，说明其形成过程中有同化混染的贡献；此外还发现了斜方辉石，磁铁矿，铬铁矿，锆石的包体矿物。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。