反例

The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

Methods Twenty-Five cases of functional crossbite of transtional dentition,18 male cases and 7 female cases.

方法选择25例替牙期反牙合的患者。男18例，女7例，平均年龄10.5岁。

Methods: Standard esophageal manometry was performed in 300 patients with typical gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, including 196 NERD and 104 RE, and in 83 healthy volunteers.

83例健康志愿者以及具有典型胃食管反流症状的NERD患者196例和RE患者104例纳入本研究。

Result The contour of bilateral kidney,renal pelvis and calices and ureters were showed clearly with digital laminography.19 cases showed normal.55 cases showed renal or ureteral calculus,ureterohydronephrosis.16 cases were chronic pyelonephritis,renal atrophy or renal tum...

结果运用数字化成像体层摄影能较好显示双肾轮廓，肾盂、肾盏及双侧输尿管，不单能较好显示肾结石、输尿管结石，对慢性肾盂肾炎、肾萎缩等肾内科肾病显示清楚，19例显影正常，肾结石及输尿管结石，肾积液及输尿管积液共55例，慢性肾盂肾炎、反流性肾病所致的肾瘢痕、肾萎缩、肾肿瘤等内科肾病16例。

Result: All of them with satisfied nutrion,There's no compliication resulted from nursing,and no diarrhea or enterospasm.

结果：6例出现反酸，4例出现腹胀，无一例发生腹泻、肠痉挛等严重营养相关并发症。

Methods 92 patients with GERD were randomly divided into the treated group with Danzhi Xiaoyao pill and hydrotalcite and the control group with hydrotalcite only.

方法92例胃食管反流病患者随机分为丹栀逍遥丸联合铝碳酸镁治疗组(46例)及铝碳酸镁对照组(46例)。

Methods:124 outpatients of vaginitis were choosed,69 cases with badness by long-treatment or recrudescent as the observation group and 55 cases with first catch the disease as the control group.

门诊外阴阴道念珠菌病的患者共 12 4例，6 9例久治不愈或反复发作者为观察组，5 5例初染者为对照组。

The patients were treated with reversal flow axial composite auricular island flap based on supraorbital artery or supratrochlear artery.results6 cases were treated with the technique, only one case underwent epidermal blisterand, and the partial skin flap necrosis, the necrosis area of flap was 1.0cm×2.0cm, 5 cases were successfully repaired with satisfactory.conclusionthe island flap could be an ideal way for the one stage reconstruction of large alar defects, which is recommended to be widely used.

结果：在临床上将该方法应用于6例病人，除1例出现表皮水疱，后皮瓣部分坏死，面积约1.0 cm×2.0，其余5例取得满意的临床效果。结论：反流轴型的耳廓复合组织瓣能ⅰ期修复大面积鼻翼缺损，是一项极具推广的修复手段。

The RT-PCR of coronas has v, as positive in three (18.8%) of sixteen throat swabs and in none (0%) of seven rectal swabs.

冠状病毒RNA是用反录型的聚合多链反应酶来检测，共侦测喉头检体十六例，血清检体二例及肛门检体七例。

Methods:Two hundred patients with GERD suffered from asthma attack were reviewed retrospectively who had been treated by the stretta radiofrequency treatment under endoscope with intravenous anesthesia(100 cases) and LNF with general anesthesia(100 cases) from January 2008 to December...

对2008-01/2008-12 200例胃食管反流患者在静脉麻醉下行经食管射频治疗术(100例)和在全麻下腹腔镜胃底折叠术(100例)中的&哮喘&发作患者的处理进行总结。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。