反

Through the use of a coordinate axis and function tools, it tries to create a mathematical model and integration of the choice funnel and the counter-fact inference, and to make a functional analysis of the funnel model and find the mathematical relationship between the choice funnel and the counter-fact inference, and finally to definite the demarcation of the range of its usage and the limit of its effectiveness.

通过使用坐标轴和函数工具，对"选择的漏斗"和"反事实推理"进行数学建模与整合，对漏斗模型进行函数分析，从而推导出"选择的漏斗"与"反事实推理"之间的数学关系，界定两者的使用范围和效力限度。

And it was found that the effect of strengthening laser energy is similar to that of prolonging the excitation time,and the photochromism process of MR strongly depends on steric hindrance around azobenzene molecule.

偶氮材料的光致变色效应是由偶氮生色团通过光物理化学过程发生顺反异构引起的，所以近年来有大量研究集中在偶氮生色团的顺反异构过程的研究上[10～13]。

The principle of the back electromotive force detection method is analyzed. The detection circuit is designed, and the problems of its application and solutions are studied in detail. This will improve the practical use.

为此本文在分析了无刷直流电动机反电动势检测方法的原理后设计了反电动势检测电路，并详细分析了在实际应用中存在问题，给出了解决的方法，为其实际应用奠定了基础。

Back electromotive force was measured by continuous pulse-computer and the influencing factors for back electromotive force and current efficiency were studied in detail.

研究了在SrCl2-SrF2-BaF2的电解质体系中熔盐电解法制备高浓度Al-Sr合金，采用连续脉冲-计算机法测定电解过程的反电动势并且对反电动势和电流效率的影响因素进行了详细的研究。

In addition, the primary causation for the problem that phase current during reverse braking process out of control is a short loop by the back electromotive force.

同时，针对反接制动时电流无法控制的问题，该文指出反电动势短接回路的存在是造成再生电流无法控制的主要原因。

In this paper, the change of back electromotive force current with the different PWM modes are analyzed in detail on the base of BLDCM model. According to theory and experiment ,ON-PWM type restrains the peak value of back electromotive force current and brings the lest effect to the motor control system.

基于无刷直流电动机的数学模型，分析比较了不同PWM调制方式下反电势电流的变化规律，并通过理论推导和仿真实验证明了当电机系统采用ON-PWM调制方式时，能有效地抑制反电势电流的峰值且对电机控制系统造成的影响最小。

In order to eliminate direct current drift and saturation problems of pure integrator for back electromotive force,an improved programmable low-pass filter rotor flux estimator was proposed to replace the pure integrator.

为了有效抑制反电动势积分环节所存在的直流偏移和积分饱和问题，采用一个截止频率可根据输出频率进行自调整的低通滤波器来代替传统电压模型磁链观测器中的反电动势积分环节。

The results indicate that back electromotive force increases with increasing current density and decreases by 0.5 V after adding 2% Li2CO3, the feeding period is 15 min measured by the method of electric potential control. Finally, the Al-Li alloy with the lithium content of 7.93% can be obtained by electrolyzing for 3 h at the current density of 0.62 A/cm^2 and at 680 ℃, and the current efficiency can reach 74.1%.

结果表明，反电动势随电流密度增加而增大，加入2%的Li2CO3可使反电动势降低0.5V；通过控制电位法测得加料周期为15 min：在680℃、电流密度为0.62A/平方公分的条件下持续电解3h，最终制得了理含量高达7.93%的铝锉合金，电流效率可达74.1%。

A back projection method of the filtered back projecion algorithm is proposed based on passive raydriven technique and preinterpolation technique.

提出了滤波反投影（filtered back projection， FBP）算法的基于被动式射线驱动和预插值的反投影策略。

A back projection method of the filtered back projecion algorithm is proposed based on passive ray-driven technique and pre-interpolation technique.

提出了滤波反投影(filtered back projection， FBP)算法的基于被动式射线驱动和预插值的反投影策略。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。