双折射

The calculations show that the approximation for the birefringence and the rotatory property of interaction material leads to an error in the optimum incident angle for TeO2 more than 10%, a diviation in fa-λ0 relation from experiment results, and make the spectral resolution and angular aperture of the device to be degrade.

结果指出，在该波长下，对晶体双折射取近似表达式和不计入晶体的旋光特性，对光波最佳入射角θi的选取(在θi小于60°的范围内)，将引入大于10%的误差，这个误差由于涉及到是否满足动量匹配条件，因此会对器件的性能有直接的影响。

Correlation between spin angular momentum s and background angular momentums of planets;2. In the paper the principle of optical rotation due to the transfer of spin angular momentum from light to particles was discussed by analyzing the interaction between the beam of light and birefringent crystal particles, and then an optical tweezers was formed on nanometer optical tweezers system with a linearly polarized light beam (He-Ne laser 633 nm, 10 mW).

从理论上分析了偏振光束与双折射晶体粒子的相互作用过程，讨论了由于光束自旋角动量向晶体粒子的传递所导致的光致旋转效应的原理，并在纳米光镊装置上利用线偏振He Ne激光器(633 nm，10 mW)形成了光镊光阱，利用1/4波片来改变光镊光束的偏振状态，在不同的椭圆偏振状态下实现了直径约为几微米的CaCO3 晶体微粒的捕获和光致转动。

Polarizing microscope is widely used for these birefraction matters examination, research and discrimination. For example mineral, crystal, chinaware, metal, medicament etc.

偏光显微镜广泛应用于矿物，晶体，陶瓷，金属，药物，生物组织和植物纤维等各种具又双折射性偏光物质的观察，研究和鉴别。

One of its applications is possible for obtaining birefringence information of biological tissues.

获取生物组织的双折射信息可望是其应用之一。

Information optics ; 1×N optical switch ; double refraction ; double reflection ; sequential interfaces ; integration

信息光学； 1×N电光开关；双折射；双反射；连续界面；集成

In this dissertation, the optical implementations of integrated bypass-exchange switches and interconnection networks are investigated as the followings:(1) An electro-optic bypass-exchange switch integrated in a single substrate of birefringent crystal is proposed, which is polarization based, and consists of two beam splitters based on the phenomena of double refraction and inner double reflection and in-between an electro-optic modulator based on the electro-optic effect of crystal.

鉴于此，本论文从网络集成包装的角度出发，研究bypass-exchange开关和互连网络的光学实现，主要内容包括：(1)利用单轴晶体的双折射双反射原理和晶体的电光效应，设计了一种新颖的单块晶体集成的电光偏振控制型bypass-exchange光开关，将一个电光偏振控制型bypass-exchange光开关所必需的器件（两个光束分束器和一个电光调制器）集成在一块晶体上。

According to the boundary relations of the electromagnetic field, and based on the phenomena of double refraction and double reflection in crystals, the reflectivity and transmissivity are deduced at boundary when an extraordinary beam is incident from an isotropic medium upon a crystal or from a crystal to an isotropic medium with optical ax.

为分析非常偏振光在晶体表面的能量损耗，给出一种求解反射率和透射率的方法，即根据电磁场的边值关系以及晶体的双折射和双反射现象，求解晶体光轴在入射面内时，非常偏振光从各向同性介质入射到晶体和从晶体出射到各向同性介质两种情况的反射率和透射率的方法，并给出反射率和透射率的解析解，同时得到对于晶体光轴在入射面内的情况，光轴的取向对非常偏振光反射率的大小几乎没有影响，但对产生全反射的临界角θc影响较大的结论。

The empiric formula to avoid the effect of random birefringence is given.

数值研究了光纤的随机双折射双孤子稳定传输的影响，给出了避免其影响的经验准则。

This indicates that LBO is playing the role of polarizer in the laser cavity. According to this conclusion and the comparization among various methods of lowering laser noise, a new method inserting both a quartz whole-wave plate and an etalon to lowering laser noise is introduced.

根据这个结论以及各种降噪方案的比较，提出了自己的一种新方案，即在腔内同时插入一个全波片和一个标准具进行双选频降噪的方案，其中全波片和LBO构成双折射滤波片。

The function of 3dB fiber loop mirror in fine wavelength partition is studied. With this theory, a novel narrow linear band, dual-wavelength switchable Er-doped fiber laser is realized.2. An unpumped Er-doped fiber and broadband fiber Bragg grating with high reflectivity is served as an auto-tracking filter, where the space hole-burning effect appears when the laser signal travels and forms standing wave, thus the generation of multi-longitudinal-mode is suppressed. Then the high birefringence fiber loop mirror is introduced to act as comb-liked wavelength filter.

主要包括：1、发现3dB光纤环镜的精细波长分割作用，并利用这种分割机制，研制成功一种窄线宽、双波长可转换的掺铒光纤激光器。2、利用未受泵浦的掺铒光纤以及宽带高反射率的光纤布喇格光栅做自动跟踪滤波器，当穿行其中的激光信号构成驻波时，出现了空间烧孔效应，从而抑制了多纵模的产生，引入高双折射光纤环镜做梳状波长滤波器。

This brought fixed cost, but it also is meant at the same time use a source to won't make you singlehanded assume a problem.

这带来了一定的成本，但它同时也意味着使用开源不会让你独力承担问题。

He gained a small fortune in real estate.

他在房地产上发了一笔小财。