双值的

A comparative study of the bilinear, biquadratic quadrilateral element and quadratic triangular element for solving incompressible viscous flows was presented. These elements make use of the Galerkin/Least squares stabilized finite element formulation, in which the pressures and velocities are interpolated with the equal orders.

本文比较了用于求解不可压缩粘性流的四边形双线性、双二次单元及三角形二次单元的性能，这些单元采用GLS稳定化有限元格式，而压力和速度采用等阶数插值。

In order to develop new remaining value functions for large and medium-sized tractors, 116 recent tractor auction sales data in Shanghai State Farm were collected, by different Box-Cox transformations and regression methods, six proposed models with explanatory independent variables of tractor age and average yearly use hours were analyzed and compared, and the double square root model was selected as best one finally.

该文以上海农场近15年出售的116台拖拉机历史数据为观察样本，以机龄和年平均工作小时数为自变量，对6种不同的备选残值模型进行了回归分析和比较，在此基础上优选了双平方根模型为最佳残值模型，并用实际观察数据进行了验证。

The algorithm adopts classical bilinear interpolation algorithm in the area of image other than the edges;concurrently the stairway detection is further made according to the outcomes of Canny edge detection to sift out the horizontal and vertical edges which will not produce jaggies distortion;but in edge areas where severe jaggies distortion will occur when using classical algorithm,the stairway thinning-based interpolation algorithm is implemented.This interpolation algorithm keeps stairways from being enlarged when zooming out the image,hence the goal of reducing jaggies distortion is achieved.

该算法在图像的非边缘区域采用经典的双线性插值算法；同时根据Canny边缘检测的结果，进一步进行阶梯检测，滤除不会产生锯齿失真的竖直和水平边缘；而在使用经典算法会产生严重锯齿失真的边缘区域，运用基于阶梯细化的插值算法；该插值算法在放大图像的同时，抑制边缘中的阶梯被放大，从而达到减少锯齿失真的目的。

There existed dual-critical effect of such organic retarders as sucrose and citrin on cement hydration. First, when the amount was relatively low, cement hydration was delayed. While the amount was comparatively high, initial hydration of cement was accelerated, but paste was not hardened after a long time. Second, there existed a critical amount.

蔗糖、柠檬酸对水泥水化历程的调控作用存在双临界效应：一、在掺量较低时，表现为缓凝效果，当掺量较大时，则表现为促凝作用，但是浆体长时间不硬化；二、缓凝效果存在临界掺量值，低于临界值时，缓凝效果随掺量增加而增加，超过此临界值时，缓凝效果随掺量增加而下降。

The biomechanical tests showed that two kinds of artificial bones had not significant difference on compressive strength and Young\'s modulus(P＞0.05),while the flexural strength of nano-nacre artificial bone was less than the control group(P＜0.05).3.The results of CCK-8 showed that the difference were not significant in each group,the proliferation of osteoblast reached the peak at the 5th day;7 days after being co-cultured,the total protein content of study group was higher than control group and blank group(P＜0.05),while the difference between control group and blank group was not significantP＞0.05The difference of alkaline phosphatase activities among three groups was not significant(P＞0.05The SEM view showed that osteoblast attached and grew well in two kinds of artificial bone.4.X-ray photography showed that two kinds of powder started to degrade in 2 weeks;this phenomenon became more appear in 4 weeks,nano-nacre powder degraded faster than micron-nacre powder,while the hole shadow was easy to be found;in 8 weeks,all the femoral holes recovered and returned to normal bone mineral density in all groups.Analysis of tetracycline fluorescent double marks in the hard tissue grinding slices indicated that new bone grew fastest around the bone defect area in study group,while most slowly in blank groupP＜0.05 SEM(scanning electron microscope observation showed that nano-nacre powder degraded more quickly.The same result can be found through the demineralized sections morphometric analysis,and both of the composite artificial bones made from those two kinds of nacre powder had the good connection with the adjacent tissue in rats body without apparent inflammatory response.5.X-ray photography showed that rabbit\'s bone defects healed faster in study group since NNAB implanted than in control group since MNAB implanted.At 24 weeks after operation,bone density in radial defects had nearly accessed to the normal area,while lower in control group,and turned up nonunion in blank group;The checking of BMD showed that results in study group were higher than those in control group at 8,16 and 24 week(P＜0.05), and the difference between the BMD values in study group at 24 week and those in blank group was not significant(P＞0.05).The gross specimens showed satisfactory histocompatibility both in study group and in control group,with bone tissue growing from two sides into the center of implanted materials; Normal slices in HE stain and hard tissue grinding slices in Stevenel\'s blue/Van Geison\'s picro-fuchsin stain showed that the bone growth tendency was better in study group than that in control group,and the medullary cavity had been penetrated to the implanted materials in study group at 24 week;Analysis of tetracycline fluorescent double marks in the hard tissue grinding slices indicated that new bone in both groups grew fastest 8 weeks after surgery,while slow down at 16 week.

纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨与微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨分别与成骨细胞共培养后，其各时间点CCK-8法检测值与空白对照无显著差异(P＞0.05)，成骨细胞均在第5天达到增殖高峰期；培养7天后，实验组细胞蛋白含量高于对照组及空白组(P＜0.05)，后两者之间则无显著差异P＞0.05碱性磷酸酶活性在三组间均无显著差异(P＞0.05电镜下可见成骨细胞在两种人工骨上都有良好生长贴附能力。4.X-ray显示两种粉体在大鼠股骨骨洞植入第2周时都开始出现了降解，第4周时更为明显，纳米珍珠层粉较之微米珍珠层粉降解更快，而空白对照组骨洞阴影仍可见，至8周时，则所有组骨洞均己闭合修复，X-ray下已不可见原钻孔痕迹，恢复正常骨质密度；硬组织磨片四环素荧光双标记结果显示纳米珍珠层粉植入组较其余两组在骨缺损区周围新骨生长速度更快，空白组速度最慢P＜0.05电镜观察及常规脱钙切片亦可见到纳米粉体降解较快；由以上两种原材料制得的纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨与微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨在大鼠体内均与周围组织结合良好，无明显炎症反应。5.X-ray显示纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨植入兔桡骨缺损区后其骨愈合速度较对照组微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨植入的快，至植入术后24周，实验组骨缺损区接近正常骨密度，对照组骨缺损区密度较低，空白组则呈现骨不连状态；骨密度测量结果显示术后8周、16周、24周实验组的骨密度值高于对照组(P＜0.05，24周实验组的骨密度值与术前所测得的正常值无显著性差异P＞0.05动物取材大体所见均显示组织相容性良好，骨组织逐渐由植入材料两端向中央生长；常规切片HE染色及硬组织磨片Stevenel\'s blue/Van Geison\'s picro-fuchsin联合染色均可见实验组骨缺损区长势优于对照组，至术后24周，实验组骨髓腔与材料已呈相交通状；硬组织磨片荧光显微镜下观察，两组材料在术后8周处于骨生长最快速时期，16周时速度开始减慢，术后4、8、16周时实验组的新骨生长速度均较对照组的快

A metal-organic complex thin film, constructed by Cu and a new organic material 3,9-dianthracene-10-(dicyanomethylene-9--2,4,8,10-tetrathiaspiro [5,5] undecane was reported. The device with a sandwich structure can be transferred from high to low-impedance under 6V with delay and switching times of less than 1000 and 30 ns, respectively.

开发出另一种新型有机分子材料3，9-双(10--9-亚甲蒽基-2，4，8，10-四硫杂螺[5，5]十一烷，该分子材料与Cu络合构成的电双稳薄膜Cu-AOSCN，阈值电压6V左右，跃迁时间小于30ns，弛豫时间小于1us。

DNA C-value is of practical value in the forecast of the invasiveness of exotic species. However, such predictions must be made with comparisons within families because the DNA C-values vary greatly between woody and herbaceous species, between monocots and dicots, between annuals and perennials, and especially among families.

DNA C-值在预测外来物种的入侵性方面具有一定的应用价值，但是，由于在木本植物和草本植物之间、单子叶与双子叶植物之间、一年生和多年生植物之间，特别是在不同的科之间，植物的DNA C-值较明显的差异，因此，根据DNA C-值预测外来物种的入侵性，应该严格地限于同一科内的相关物种间的比较。

When the current goes through the bimetal component with impedance, if the current increases or the environment temperature rises and the temperature reaches the preset value, the bimetal component will work and release the contact to shut off the circuit; and by contrast, if the device cools down to the safe temperature, the contact point will reset automatically.

电流通过有阻抗的双金属元件，遇非正常工作时，随电流增大或周围温度升高至设定温度值时，双金属元件迅速动作，打开触点，切断电路。当装置冷却到安全工作温度时，触点自动闭合，恢复正常工作状态。

When the current goes through the bimetal component with impedance, if the current increases or the environment temperature rises and the temperature reaches the preset value, the bimetal component will work and release the contact to shut off the circuit; and by contrast, if the device cools down to the temperature, the contact point will reset automatically.

电流通过有阻抗的双金属元件，遇非正常工作时，随电流增大或周围温度升高至设定温度值时，双金属元件迅速动作，打开触点，切断电路。当装置冷却到安全工作温度时，触点自动闭合，恢复正常工作状态。

The daily variation regularity of pollutant concentration is significant, with the feature of double peaks and double valleys.

污染物浓度有明显的日变化规律，且有双峰双谷特点，每日峰值出现在6∶00～10∶00和18∶00～22∶00；谷值出现在11∶00～14∶00和0∶00～5∶00，市区主要污染物是飘尘。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。