双倍

The results indicated that there was a evident correlationship between chromocenter diameter,heterochromatin number and plant ploidy level.The chromocenter diameter and heterochromatin number of haploid and double haploid are 5.1,5.0 μm and 13.3,11.9 μm respectively.

研究发现，黄瓜染色中心直径和异染色质数目与植株倍性呈正相关，可作为黄瓜倍性鉴定的间接指标，其中单倍体染色中心直径平均为5 1μm，双单倍体为13 3μm，单倍体异染色质数目平均5 0，双单倍体为11 9。

The results also indicated that there was a evident correlationship between chromocenter diameter, heterochromatin number and the plant ploidy level. The chromocenter diameter and heterochromatin number of haploid and double haploid are 5.1um, 5.2 and 13.3um, 10.7, respectively.2. Ploidy Determination in CucumberCucwm/5 sativus L.

同时研究中还发现，黄瓜染色中心直径和异染色质数目与植株倍性呈正相关，可作为黄瓜倍性鉴定的间接指标，其中单倍体染色中心直径平均为5.1um、双单倍体为13.3um，单倍体异染色质数目平均为5.2，双单倍体为10.7。

Fig 1 The results of two color FISH A:Normal sperms(a sperm nucleus with a red fluorescence domain was X sperm, and with a green fluorescence domian was Y sperm);B:Numeric chromosome abnormal sperm two green fluorescence domains within the same sperm nucleus which may be classified in Y disomic sperm or diploidy sperm, in the case of hybridization with two probes, one euchromosome specific and the other sex chromosome specific, this sperm could be discriminated as disomic or diploidy sperm

图1 双色荧光原位杂交结果 A：正常精子(精子头部有1个红色荧光信号者为X精子，有1个绿色荧光信号者为Y精子)；B：染色体数目异常精子两个绿色荧光信号同在1个精子核内，可为Y双体精子或二倍体精子，若用1条常染色体探针和1条性染色体探针进行双色荧光原位杂交，可以区别该精子属Y双体精子或二倍体精子

If 〓mRNA positive expression, its DNA heteroploid type display as triploid or hypodiploidy, if 〓mRNA negative expression, its DNA heteroploid type display as hyperdiploidy、tetraploid or Bistem line. These from one flank demonstrate the role of 〓 gene suppress the proliferation of malignant tumor

表达阳性者，其DNA异倍体主要表现为三倍体或低二倍体，〓表达阴性者，其DNA异倍体主要表现为高倍体、四倍体和双干系，从一个侧面显示出〓基因的抑制恶性肿瘤细胞增殖的作用。

We coupled the IgG of monoclonal antibody N34 specific to UK and the Fab of monoclonal antibody SZ-51 specific to the membrane protein GMP-140 of activated platelet. The bispecific antibody (N34 SZ-51) is able to bind UK and plasma-clot simutaneously. It enhanced plasma clot lysis 5 fold by HUK whereas it enhanced plasma clot lysis 38 times by LUK. UK in association with the bispecific antibody didn't decrease the concentration of fibrinogen in the assay supernatants.

利用抗体介导使纤溶酶原激活剂定向到血栓表面，可大大提高其纤溶作用，我们用双功能团试剂将抗尿激酶的单克隆抗体N34的IgG和抗活化血小板膜蛋白GMP-l40的单抗SZ-5l的Fab片段通过二硫键共价偶联，合成的双专一性抗体（N34-SZ-51）既具有血栓亲和性也具有尿激酶亲和性，从而增加了尿激酶对血栓的专一性，使高分子量尿激酶溶栓率提高了5倍，使低分子量尿激酶溶栓率提高了38倍之多，且不影响血浆中纤维蛋白原的含量。

DNA C-values might be one of important indices in the evaluation of angiospermous invasiveness. To test this viewpoint, we compared DNA 1C-values and basic genome sizes in 3,676 angiosperms. The results suggest that:(1) the two nuclear values vary greatly among different groups, e.g., significantly higher in herbs than in trees, in monocots than in dicots, in perennials than in non-perennials;(2) the two nuclear values both have significant effects on plant invasiveness, especially in herbs, dicots, monocots, perennials, non-perennials, diploids, polyploids, Compositae, and Poaceae, while not significant in trees and Fabaceae.

DNA C值与被子植物入侵性密切相关，为考察应用DNA C值评估被子植物入侵性的可靠性和局限性，我们统计分析了全世界范围内3676种被子植物的DNA 1C值（配子未发生DNA复制时的染色体DNA含量）及基因组大小（单个染色体组的DNA 含量），结果表明：1）DNA 1C值和基因组大小在被子植物不同类群中差异极大，例如在草本植物中显著高于木本植物，单子叶植物显著高于双子叶植物，多年生植物显著高于非多年生植物；2）两项指标都与被子植物入侵性显著负相关，尤其是在草本植物、双子叶植物、单子叶植物、多年生植物、非多年生植物、二倍体、多倍体、菊科和禾本科中，然而在木本植物、豆科植物中其与植物入侵性无显著关系。

Yields of resveratrol and emodin from fermentation broths were 1.2 and 3.3 times higher,respectively, than that by MAE,and 1.6 and 4.2 times higher,respectively,than that by stirring extraction at room temperature.

选择此双水相体系对虎杖发酵液进行提取，所得的白藜芦醇和大黄素的提取率分别是微波辅助提取的1.2倍和3.3倍，分别是常温搅拌提取的1.6倍和4.2倍。

It should be stressed that the strange attractor can exist in optical bistability, and whether the atomic coherences and classical field can inhibit chaos depends on the laser frequency.

在双稳态运转下，光场位相为π的偶数倍或奇数倍，使光场稳定于正值和负值，故体系出现对称双稳态对，但无混沌状态。

Base on the analysis of the grating linear displacement measurement theory,t he measure errors especially the subdivision error of the grating scale,this paper focuses on the theory of switch and merge of dual grating scales'signals,builds the design criteria of high speed high precision displacement measurement by using dual grating sales,designs the switch picking reference with high precision and fast switch and merge method,analyses the errors brought in by switch and merge of the duals grating scales.

针对光栅尺的电子细分信号具有细分误差的特性，本文提出了对莫尔条纹信号不细分的方法以提高双光栅尺信号切换合成值的精度。经过对双光栅计数切换基准、切换与合成特征和规律的探讨，本文设计了实现双光栅尺双重测量、计数值切换合成法的硬件电路，主要通过可编程芯片FPGA，设计了双光栅尺信号处理的各电路模块，如双光栅尺信号四倍频辨向模块、速度判断模块、切换模块、计数值合成处理模块。

The three disinfectants were thiram (700×), chlorothalonil (900×) and pyrimethanil (1 000×)+ mancozeb (800×). The two lily cultivars were "ce6 Dazzle" and "BruneUo". The bulb scales were treated by three disinfectant to explore the effect of different disinfectants on the number and volume of bulblets.

方法］以福美双700倍液、百菌清900倍液、嘧酶胺1 000倍液＋代森锰锌800倍液3种消毒剂和&耀眼&、&布鲁塞尔&2个百合品种鳞片为试材，研究3种消毒剂对百合鳞片生成籽球数量和体积大小的影响。

The basic concept of FOP can be summarized as to further optimize effective prescription according to the standard of curative effects and with the aid of modern science and technology and theories of traditional Chinese medicine.

其基本内涵可概括为：以确有疗效的中药复方为研究对象，以现代科学技术和传统中医药理论为技术支持，以该复方所治病证的药效响应为评价标准，以优化重组疗效更优的新复方为研究目的。

Ever since our world has been a world, native forests have been indiscriminately exploited by man.

自从我们的世界一直是世界原生森林被任意剥削人。