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Then, after comparison the deference of the offer double objects and the dative form, the sentence of the appellative verbs and the verb phrase consisting of a modifier and word, the claim double objects and the verb-object, after the analysis of the reason for the formation of the double objects, we got the conclusion of the syntactic meaning: the double objects is a kind of sentence that represent a single action and a single process, and then express the three indispensable which are needed in the single process, which are from the subjective ness of people.

然后，本文在对给予式双宾句和与格格式、表称双宾句和表称动词构成的兼语句、索取类双宾句式和索取类单纯动宾结构进行比较后，在分析了双宾句的形成动因后，总结出双宾句的句法意义：双宾句是从说话人的主观视点来考虑的，表示单一行为和单一过程，并将行为过程发生的三个必不可少的语义成分完整精确地表达出来的一种句式。

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On the rhombohedron face {1011}, Dauphine twinning showed different shapes of etching pits between individuals, because rhombohedron positive form {1011} and negative form {0111} appeared on both sides of twin partition line, while Brazil twinning showed symmetry plane between the irregular triangle etching pits of individuals. On the trigonal prism section 11(average20, Dauphine twinning showed different shapes of etching pits between individuals, because trigonal prism positive form {1120} and negative form {2110} appeared on both sides of twin partition line, while Brazil twinning should show symmetry plane between the ellipse or quadrilateral etching pits of individuals, which was not observed.

菱面体{1010}面上存在道芬双晶处，道芬双晶双晶缝合线两端分别是菱面体正形、菱面体负形出露处，导致蚀坑形状不同；菱面体{1011}面上存在巴西双晶处，不规则三角形蚀坑形态的方位关系为对称面关系；三方柱切面{1120}面上存在道芬双晶处，道芬双晶双晶缝合线两端分别是三方柱正形、三方柱负形出露处，导致蚀坑形状不同；三方柱切面{1120}面上存在巴西双晶处，椭圆形或四边形蚀坑方位应为对称面关系，但实验中未见到。

Specifically, itcontains 8 chapters.In chapter 1, the formation, structures, properties and the futureprospect of liposome were thoroughly reviewed;In chapter 2, the stibility and permeability of phopholipid -eleostericacid liposome were studied together with the effect of polymerizationof eleostearic acid. This membrane system was very sensitive to 〓,the effect of 〓 was clarified to increase the aggregation/fusion ofliposomes and made the permeability of mixed liposomes much higher;In chapter 3, two polymerizable conjugated diyne bolaamphiphiles were synthesized. They could form very stable mixed liposome, andthe diyne could be polymerized by UV light in bilayer liposomes, as aresult, the stability of mixed liposome against solvent or surfactantafter polymerization were enhanced. In chapter 4, two kinds of amphiphilic amino acids were synthesized andstable liposomes were formed therefrom After the condensationpolymerization of amino acid in bilayer liposomes, stable polypeptide liposomes were obtained, which had lower phase transition temperatureand higher permeability.In chapter 5, four kinds of glycolipids were synthesized and theiraggregation behavior in water was comparied. When incorporated intophospholipid bilayer membranes, they could increase the phase transitiontemperatures and inhibit the aggregation and fusion of mixedliposomesat lower temperature.In chapter 6 and 7, three kinds of steroidal bolaamphiphiles withdifferent chain lengths were synthesized. Incorporation of steroidalmoiety to the center of lipid bilayer membrane obviously increased themobility of lipid membrane and shifted Tc to lower temperature side incomparasion with cholesterol. The bolaamphiphile which was shorter thanthe hosted lipid bilayer membrane thickness influenced the lipid packingmore obviously.

全文共分8章：第一章对脂质体的形成、结构、性质及展望进行了较为详细的文献综述；第二章研究了磷脂-桐酸脂质体的稳定性，通透能力及桐酸的聚合对这些性质的影响；磷脂-桐酸混合脂质体为一类对〓灵敏的脂质体，〓的作用首先是使脂质体集聚然后使脂质体融合，并加速内包荧光物的释放；第三章通过合成两种可聚合共轭双炔双极性双亲分子DDCA，DDOL，研究了共双炔分子在双分子层脂质体膜上的聚合及对脂质体性质的影响，聚合可以提高脂质体相对于溶剂及表面活性剂的稳定性；第四章合成了两类氨基酸为极性基团的双亲分子，它们均可以在超声下形成稳定的脂质体结构；氨基酸基团可以在脂质体上进行缩聚反应，若聚合后脂质体表面仍有足够的亲水能力，则可得到稳定的多肽型脂质体；聚合后脂质体的相变温度降低，通透能力增加；第五章合成了四种亲水基团为单糖基的双亲分子GL-l，GL-2，GL-3， GL-4，研究了它们在水中的分散情况、集合体形态与分子结构的关系；在DMPC双分子层膜中加入糖脂分子可以使脂质体的相变温度提高，阻止脂质体在低温放置时的集聚与融合；第六章-第七章合成了三种不同碳链长度的双极性含胆甾环双亲分子 CL-1，CL-2，CL-3；它们可以象胆固醇一样与磷脂混合形成稳定脂质体，胆甾环基团位于脂质体双分子层膜的中间；与胆固醇的作用相反，它们可以增加磷脂双分子层膜的流动性，降低混合脂质体的相变温度；三种分子的作用与其碳链长度和磷脂双分子层膜的厚度有关，比膜厚度短的分子影响最大。

Bipolar II Disorder involves Major Depressive Episodes and Hypomanic Episodes. Since a significant portion of those suffering manic depression did not have full manic episodes, the classification was divided into Bipolar I and Bipolar II. However, Bipolar II is often a first step to Bipolar I. Over 5 years, between 5% and 15% of those will Bipolar II will change diagnosis to Bipolar I. Approximately 0.5% of people will develop Bipolar II in their lifetimes.

双极性二型包含重度忧郁症和轻躁症的症状由於有一大部份的躁郁症病人并没有完全的躁症症状，所以躁郁症要分为双极性一型和双极性二型然而，双极性二型常是双极性一型的第一步，经过五年，5% and 15%的双极性二型的病人会转变成双极性一型双极性二型的终生致病率大约为0.5

One-sample t test was used in profoundly congenital hearing loss infants and control group,the activated brain areas were:bilateral transverse temporal gyri, superior temporal gyrus,middle temporal gyrus,bilateral insular lobe,bilateral precentral gyrus,postcentral gyrus,bilateral cingulate gyrus,bilateral inferior parietal lobule,bilateral superior parietal lobule,bilateral superior frontal gyrus.

在对极重度感音神经性耳聋患儿和对照组进行组间比较发现，病人组数据减去对照组数据时可见激活的脑区主要有：双侧颞横回、双侧颞上回、双侧颞中回、双侧岛叶、双侧中央前、后回、双侧扣带回、双侧顶下小叶、双侧顶上小叶、双侧额上回等，提示极重度感音神经性耳聋患儿在接受刺激后动用了更多的脑区而且激活强度明显增加。

In the fifth chapter,we study dipolarizations in some quadratic Lie algebras.Inthe first section,we obtain some results on the classification of dipolarizations in gen-eral quadratic Lie algebras,and prove that there exist dipolarizations in the solvablequadratic Lie algebras whose Cartan subalgebras consist of semisimple elements.

第五章讨论了某些二次李代数的双极化，在第一节中，我们给出了二次李代数的双极化的一些分类结果；特别证明Cartan子代数是由半单元组成的二次李代数上存在双极化，第二节确定了四维扩张Heisenberg代数的所有双极化，在第三节中，我们构造了2n+2维扩张Heisenberg代数的六类双极化，我们发现两个不同于半单李代数情形的有趣事实：（1）在扩张Heisenberg代数上同时存在对称和非对称双极化；（2）对应于扩张Heisenberg代数的双极化的特征元有的是半单的有的是幂零的。

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The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.

本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法，研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami，RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ，GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum，NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis，DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP，5μg)，注射当天睡眠时间略有减少，第二日睡眠时间显著减少，觉醒时间明显增多，第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加，觉醒时间减少；而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid， L-Glu， 0.2μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline，BIC，1.0μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen，BAC，1.0μg)后，产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg，0.5μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间略有减少，但无显著性意义；而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside，SNP，0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间，缩短睡眠时间；微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine，L-NNA，2.0μg)后，引起睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用；RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后，与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠，其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate，MOR，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加； RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride，NAL，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少；RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue，MB，1.0μg)后，与NS组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 0.2μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多；大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide， MS， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine，PCPA，10μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少；大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg)，产生睡眠增多效应后，在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan ， 5-HTP， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多。

A method for making Bisphenol A with a purity of more than 99.7% by reacting phenol and acetone using an acid catalyst, separating a BPA-phenol adduct by crystallisation and removing phenol from the adduct, in which involves continuous suspension crystallisation with a total dwell time of more than 4 hours in at least 3 crystallisers, by cooling first to 50-70 C in two parallel crystallisers and then to 40-50 C in a third crystalliser connected in series with the first two.; A method for the production of Bisphenol A with a purity of more than 99.7%, by reacting phenol with acetone in presence of an acid catalyst, separating a BPA-phenol adduct from the product mixture by crystallisation, filtration and washing, and removing the phenol from the adduct, in which stage involves continuous suspension crystallisation in at least three crystallisers connected in such a way that the mixture is first cooled to 50-70 C in two crystallisers in parallel and then cooled to 40-50 C in a third crystalliser in series with the first two, the total residence time of the mixture over all crystallisers being more than 4 hours.

描述用于生产纯度大于99.7％的双酚例如，双酚A(BPA的方法，这种方法包含苯酚和丙酮在有酸性催化剂参与的情况下反应形成一个包含双酚的产物混合物；通过结晶、过滤和洗涤从该产物混合物中以双酚/苯酚复合物的形式除去至少一部分双酚以提供双酚A/苯酚复合物晶体；并且从双酚/苯酚复合物晶体中除去至少一部分的苯酚以提供纯度大于99.7％的双酚；其中结晶过程包括连续的混悬液结晶，并且是在至少三个结晶装置中进行的，装置的排列使得产物混合物首先在结晶过程的第一阶段在第一个结晶装置和并联的第二个结晶装置中被冷却到50至70℃的温度，随后在结晶过程的第二阶段在与第一和第二个结晶装置下游串联的第三个结晶装置中被冷却到40至50℃的温度，并且其中产物混合物在结晶过程中的总驻留时间在4小时以上。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。