及电路

This system uses a MCU as a core , a keyboard and infrared detecter as the input system ,a LED display circuit, a warning circuit and a stepper motor as the output system to realize the auto controlling of the liquid drop speed .

本次设计的系统，是以8031单片机为核心以键盘及红外传感器为输入系统，以数码管、报警电路及步进电机为输出系统的智能化的液体点滴速度的控制及监测系统。

Is one of the earliest professional development and production of electric vehicle speed controller of the private scientific and technological enterprises, the company has a strong professional design and production capacity, products have been a number of brands for the domestic electric vehicles matching efficiency and performance are better than ordinary products, annual production capacity of 200,000 sets, the company has brush controller, using pwm control, high efficiency, with over-current, current limiting, undervoltage,"speed" a wide range of protection features Special high-power brush has controller using the latest electric vehicles for the use of high-life relays and intelligent anti-Speed circuit.

溧阳爱斯特自控器材科技开发有限公司是国内最早专业开发生产电动车调速控制器的民营科技企业，公司具有较强的专业设计及生产能力，产品已为国内诸多品牌电动车配套，其效率及性能均优于一般产品，年生产能力二十万套，本公司生产的有刷控制器，采用pwm 控制，效率高，具有过流、限流、欠压、"飞车"多种保护功能，特别大功率有刷控制器采用最新专供电动车使用高寿命的继电器及智能防飞车电路。

Optimal algorithm of combined nonlinear Hopfield network appears powerful validity in solving nonlinear planning, which includes nonlinear objective function, linear constrains and high-demension of decision-making variants, for its ability of nonlinear parallel computation. It is prominent among optimal algorithms because of its function of simply implement with electrocircuit hardware. Genetic algorithm is expressly suitable for optimal calculation regarding the planning of massive, highly nonlinear, inconsecutively differentiable and multiobjective function as well as objective function without analytical expression. However, it inclines to prematurity, as well as its limitation in ability of partial optimal search. Introducing the optimal algorithm of niche genetic simulated annealing to standard Genetic algorithm, can therefore improve the full-scale or partial search ability of Genetic algorithm effectively. It has a far-flung perspective in the field of systemic planning of water pollution control.

组合式非线性Hopfield网络优化算法所具有的非线性大规模并行计算能力在求解具有非线性目标函数、线性约束条件及高维决策变量的非线性规划问题方面显示出了强大的生命力，它易于电路硬件实现的功能更是在优化算法中独树一帜；遗传算法采用概率搜索技术，不受目标函数与约束条件的限制，特别适合大规模、高度非线性的不连续可微的多峰目标函数及无解析表达式的目标函数的规划问题的优化计算，但其存在容易早熟、局部寻优能力较差等缺点，本文在标准遗传算法中引入小生境技术及模拟退火算法有效地改善遗传算法的全局和局部搜索性能，提高了全局最优解的寻优质量，小生境遗传退火模拟优化算法在水污染控制系统规划中的应用前景极为广阔。

In this topic, the dynamic analysis methods for piezoelectric vibrator are studied systematically based on the theoretical model, FEM numerical experimentation and FEM governing equation for given compound-mode vibrator, and some valuable conclusions are obtained. The main work accomplished is summarized as follows: 1.Elaborate the main modeling methods for piezoelectric vibrator and the significance and necessity to study the dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric vibrator which emphasize the urgency of this paper. 2.Take the bending deformation induced by piezoelectric ceramic as example, the energy transfer mechanism of electric energy to mechanical energy are analyzed; the motion and force transfer mechanism are analyzed for the longitudinal-bending vibrator. 3.Based on mode assumption and Hamilton principle, the coupling model of piezoelectric vibrator of linear USM is built; moreover, the equivalent circuit model is obtained and a coupling equation represents the relation between electric parameters and mechanical parameters is derived which provides foundation to match the vibrator and driving circuit. 4.Combine the constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic with elastic-dynamical equation, geometric equation in force field and the Maxwell equation in electric field and the corresponding boundary condition equation, the FEM control equation for piezoelectric vibrator of USM to solve dynamic electro-mechanical coupling field is established by employing the principle of virtual displacement. The equation lays the foundation to study the non-linear constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic driven by high-power. 5.Define the dynamic indexes of characteristic of vibrator and carry out variable parameters simulation by calculating the model parameters and the electric characteristics of vibrator are simulated according to the equivalent circuit model. By numerical experimentation, the working mode of vibration of vibrator and the shock excitation results of the working frequency band which provides the mode frequency to realize bimodal are analyzed. Detailed calculation of the electro-mechanical coupling field parameters is made by programming the FEM control equation.

本课题从理论模型、有限元数值试验、有限元控制模型等方面以复合振动模式振子为例对超声电机压电振子的动力学特性及其分析方法进行了全面系统地研究，得出了许多有价值的结论，主要概括如下： 1、阐述了目前针对超声电机压电振子的主要建模方法，对压电振子动态特性的研究意义和必要性进行了论述，突出了本文研究内容的迫切性； 2、以压电陶瓷诱发弹性体发生弯曲变形为例，分析了压电陶瓷通过诱发应变来实现机电能量转换的机理；对基于纵弯模式的压电振子的运动及动力传递机理进行了分析； 3、基于模态假定，利用分析动力学的Hamilton原理，建立了面向直线超声电机压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型，并据此建立了压电振子的等效电路模型，导出了电参量与动力学特性参量的耦合方程，为压电振子与驱动电路的匹配提供了依据； 4、从压电陶瓷的本构方程出发，综合力场的弹性动力学方程、几何方程、电场的麦克斯韦方程以及相应的边界条件方程，采用虚位移原理，建立了压电振子动态问题机电耦合场求解的有限元控制方程，为研究其大功率驱动下的非线性本构模型奠定了基础； 5、界定压电振子的动力学特性指标，对压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型参数进行计算及变参数仿真；依据等效电路模型，对压电振子的电学特性进行了仿真分析；通过有限元数值实验，对压电振子工作模态附近的模态振型及工作频率附近的频段进行了激振效果分析，找出了实现模态简并的激振频率；利用有限元控制方程，通过编程计算，对压电振子的力电耦合场参数进行了详细计算，得出了一些有价值的结论。

A pivotable and retractable antenna contains mechanical and electrical components for connecting to, and matching the impedance of, radio frequency circuitry within an electronic device, such as a radiotelephone.

一种可转动及可收缩的天线包括用于在电子装置、如无线电话内与无线电频率电路连接及阻抗匹配的机械及电装置。

It is suitable for the exchange of 50 or 60Hz, rated voltage to 660V and below, rated operating current to 95A and below the circuit for long-distance direct control of three-phase squirrel cage motor start, stop and reversible operation.

它适用于交流50或 60Hz，额定工作电压至660V及以下、额定工作电流至95A及以下的电路中，供远距离直接控制三相鼠笼型电动机之起动、停止及可逆运转。

This system mainly contains the front-end pulse interception and back-end software analysis. In the first part, we used a non-invasive infrared measurement method based on the dual channel simultaneous measurement technique. We measured the photo-plethysmograph from the subject's fingers and toes simultaneously, then used an analog circuit and central control unit to process the signals. Finally, the digital volume pulse data is processed by a personal computer. Because the characteristic points of digital volume pulse always occur in sharp variations, this paper proposes two algorithms to solve this problem. First, we find the pacemaker and percussion wave peak from transient slope variation, and then locate the dicrotic notch and dicrotic wave peak by using the wavelet transformation algorithm. When we analyze the data, we use the Visual Basic graphical user interface, which together with the Matlab is the core of the system.

本系统主要包含前端脉波撷取及后端软体分析两部分，其中前端脉波撷取部份是以非侵入式的红外线量测方式，双通道同步量测受测者手指与脚趾的光容积变化描记图，同时将此讯号经类比处理电路及中央控制单元输出成为数位容积波，再传送至个人电脑中；而在后端软体分析部份，因数位容积波之特徵点皆出现於波形中急剧变化的部份，故本论文以瞬间斜率变化量来定位脉波讯号中的起搏点及主波峰顶点，并利用小波转换演算法（wavelet transformation algorithm）来分析重搏切迹与重搏波顶点；程式撰写主要以Matlab为核心，结合Visual Basic的图形化使用者操作介面，增加系统与使用者间的亲和力。

To improve the stability and the depth of the pseudo-potential well of the ion trap, two sets of RF sources and the corresponding detection circuits were designed and implemented in a Paul trap. With the implementation, absorbed signals of 199Hg(superscript +) and N(superscript + subscript 2) were detected from trapped ions.

为了满足离子囚禁稳定性以及提高离子囚禁势阱深度，设计和制作出两套囚禁离子的射频源和射频共振吸收检测电路，利用不同频率的射频源及相应检测电路在双曲线型离子阱实验装置中成功地囚禁了199Hg和N(上标+下标 2)离子得到了它们的射频共振吸收信号。

It adopts the reliable LC in series resonance to startup and have over-current, over-voltage and abnormal protection circuit.

系统结构简单，采用了可靠的LC 串联谐振启动电路，过流、过压和异常保护电路齐全，最后给出了实验结果及实验样品。

Here, the large power voice circuit consisted of voice record/playback chip ISD1420, BTL power amplifier and loudspeaker. The single-chip computer received information from the main PLC and controled this part.

该环节利用语音存储/再生芯片ISD1420、BTL功率放大电路及扬声器构成大功率语音电路，由单片机根据主控PLC的命令进行发声控制。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐