参量

And with these results, I delve further into the theoretical issues of MSP and the concentration is on a special class of MSP-Doob skeleton processes. Generalized limit distribution, limit distribution of these processes and conditions and the expressions for the existence of invariable measure of such processes are provided. Finally, these new results are then applied to queueing theory, reliability theory and inventory theory. A detailed study of GI/G/1 queuing model, parallel connection system model, water reservoir model and perishable inventory model is discussed. These models have already been investigated to some degree. In particular, as mentioned above, some scholars have already successfully applied the transient behavior theory of MSP to these models and transient distributions of main variables in such models have been obtained. However, the limit behavior has not been addressed. In this thesis, limit behavior of main variables in the above-mentioned models is established.

在这个基础上，对马尔可夫骨架过程的理论进一步进行了探讨，将注意力集中于一类特殊的马尔可夫骨架过程Doob骨架过程，给出了这类过程的广义极限分布、极限分布以及不变测度存在性条件和表达式，并应用这些结论于排队论、可靠性理论和存储论等领域-具体分析了GI/G/1排队论系统模型、并联系统模型、水库储水模型、易腐烂物品库存模型——这些模型都不同程度地被许多学者研究过，特别，如前面提及，已有人成功地应用马尔可夫骨架过程的瞬时性态理论，获得了上述各模型中的主要参量过程的瞬时分布，但是，却并没有探讨它们的极限性态——建立了若干关于上述各模犁的主要参量过程的极限性态的结果。

Integral geometry is applied here to picture analysis and recognition.

本文应用积分几何于图象分析与识别之中，引进了Crofton整体参量和方向参量C， CD/J其中，D——广义方向直径，J为方向投影宽度，提出了一种称之为Crofton字符几何识别方案。

The completely diagonalized Hamiltonian matrices of 3d2／3d8 ion configuration in the trigonal symmetry sites have been established by irreducible representation method. Taken into account microscopic magnetic interactions, the spectral fine structure, local structure and zero-field splitting parameters of V3+:α-Al2O3 and Ni2+:α-Al2O3 crystals are investigated as well as the influence of the doping.

应用不可约张量方法构造了三角晶场中3d2/3d8态离子的45阶可完全对角化的能量哈密顿矩阵，在考虑了微小磁相互作用的基础上计算了V3+：α-Al2O3和Ni2+：α-Al2O3晶体的光谱精细结构、晶体局域结构和零场分裂参量，研究了掺入Ni2+和V3+对α-Al2O3晶体光谱精细结构、晶体局域结构和零场分裂参量的影响。

A new parameter of non-proportionality based on mean dislocation density and a fatigue damage parameter with a clear microphysical meaning were introduced.

给出了基于疲劳位错密度均值的非比例参量和具有明确微观物理意义的疲劳损伤参量。

And block entropy, Renyi entropy,nonadditive entropy also grow with system size, derivative of logarithm of fidelity diverge at critical point.

Fibonacci量子伊辛链和均匀量子伊辛链一样，协作参量的导数在相变点的峰值随系统增大作对数发散；而无序量子伊辛链的协作参量的导数在相变点的峰值不随系统的增大而增大。

Besides, the dynamic space occupancy is introduced in this paper.

本文还提出了动态空间占有率这一新参量，并在对大量数据分析的基础上，揭示了该参量具有的一些特性。

Based on the parametric solutions of a Sylvester matrix equation, the parametric expressions of the gain matrices of synchronization dynamic observer in the nonlinear feedback chaotic systems are presented, in which the parameter vectors offer all the design degrees that can be selected to satisfy some performances, such as robustness.

基于Sylvester矩阵方程的参数化解，给出了非线性反馈混沌系统的同步动态观测器矩阵的所有参数化表达式，其所含参量为混沌系统控制设计提供了全部自由度，可适当选择自由参量满足某些鲁棒性指标。

The geometrical parameters of the wing and tail planform and few geometrical parameters of fuselage which have more on the configuration are optimized and those constant parameters are given values according to the designer's experience or the optimizations of the parts.

在优化时，将整机外形几何参数分为优化变量和固定参量；主要优化对总体外形影响较大的机翼、尾翼的平面形状几何参数以及少数几个机身的几何参数；对于固定参量，根据经验或部件层次上的优化结果给出固定值。

In this topic, the dynamic analysis methods for piezoelectric vibrator are studied systematically based on the theoretical model, FEM numerical experimentation and FEM governing equation for given compound-mode vibrator, and some valuable conclusions are obtained. The main work accomplished is summarized as follows: 1.Elaborate the main modeling methods for piezoelectric vibrator and the significance and necessity to study the dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric vibrator which emphasize the urgency of this paper. 2.Take the bending deformation induced by piezoelectric ceramic as example, the energy transfer mechanism of electric energy to mechanical energy are analyzed; the motion and force transfer mechanism are analyzed for the longitudinal-bending vibrator. 3.Based on mode assumption and Hamilton principle, the coupling model of piezoelectric vibrator of linear USM is built; moreover, the equivalent circuit model is obtained and a coupling equation represents the relation between electric parameters and mechanical parameters is derived which provides foundation to match the vibrator and driving circuit. 4.Combine the constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic with elastic-dynamical equation, geometric equation in force field and the Maxwell equation in electric field and the corresponding boundary condition equation, the FEM control equation for piezoelectric vibrator of USM to solve dynamic electro-mechanical coupling field is established by employing the principle of virtual displacement. The equation lays the foundation to study the non-linear constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic driven by high-power. 5.Define the dynamic indexes of characteristic of vibrator and carry out variable parameters simulation by calculating the model parameters and the electric characteristics of vibrator are simulated according to the equivalent circuit model. By numerical experimentation, the working mode of vibration of vibrator and the shock excitation results of the working frequency band which provides the mode frequency to realize bimodal are analyzed. Detailed calculation of the electro-mechanical coupling field parameters is made by programming the FEM control equation.

本课题从理论模型、有限元数值试验、有限元控制模型等方面以复合振动模式振子为例对超声电机压电振子的动力学特性及其分析方法进行了全面系统地研究，得出了许多有价值的结论，主要概括如下： 1、阐述了目前针对超声电机压电振子的主要建模方法，对压电振子动态特性的研究意义和必要性进行了论述，突出了本文研究内容的迫切性； 2、以压电陶瓷诱发弹性体发生弯曲变形为例，分析了压电陶瓷通过诱发应变来实现机电能量转换的机理；对基于纵弯模式的压电振子的运动及动力传递机理进行了分析； 3、基于模态假定，利用分析动力学的Hamilton原理，建立了面向直线超声电机压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型，并据此建立了压电振子的等效电路模型，导出了电参量与动力学特性参量的耦合方程，为压电振子与驱动电路的匹配提供了依据； 4、从压电陶瓷的本构方程出发，综合力场的弹性动力学方程、几何方程、电场的麦克斯韦方程以及相应的边界条件方程，采用虚位移原理，建立了压电振子动态问题机电耦合场求解的有限元控制方程，为研究其大功率驱动下的非线性本构模型奠定了基础； 5、界定压电振子的动力学特性指标，对压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型参数进行计算及变参数仿真；依据等效电路模型，对压电振子的电学特性进行了仿真分析；通过有限元数值实验，对压电振子工作模态附近的模态振型及工作频率附近的频段进行了激振效果分析，找出了实现模态简并的激振频率；利用有限元控制方程，通过编程计算，对压电振子的力电耦合场参数进行了详细计算，得出了一些有价值的结论。

In this paper, I anlylize several important variables in the collision risk equation and simulate with some data basing on the rada collection abroad.

本论文对REICH模型进行了深入的分析，并对所得到的碰撞危险方程中各参量的取值进行了研究，并对几个主要参量的取值进行了数据仿真。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。