参考

This subject has strong engineering background and application value, which can provide important data and referance for the design of catamaran for the future.

本课题具有较强的工程背景及参考价值，为今后多航态高速双体船的设计提供重要的数据和参考。

Most people consider the return current when considering a fully differential circuit, but when considering the more usual circuit where a signal is referred to 'ground' it is common to assume that all the points on the circuit diagram where the ground symbol is to be found are at the same potential.

分析差分电路时，绝大多数工程师都会注意到返回电流，但对于常见的所谓单端电路，即所有信号采用相同参考点的电路，往往会认为电路中所有标有参考点符号的地方电平都相等。

For higher codimension, the situation becomes more complicated. Due to the counterexample of Lawson-Osserman [31], the higher codimension Bernstein type result is not expected to be true in the most generality.

在余维数为1的情况，这个结果以被推广到(n+1)-维欧氏空间中(n≤7)，以及在某种增长性限制下，这个结果被推广到任意维数欧氏空间中，这些结果可以参考[17]及其参考文献中所提到的文献。

The basic concept and characteristics of missile system-of systems combat simulation for effectiveness evaluation were summarized and the problems of simulation model specification were analyzed, then the hierarchical description and composition method based on system-of-systems, entity and behavior was proposed as the modeling methodology of system-of-systems combat simulation, which is SEB composable modeling methodology. Then, the reference model of SEB methodology and the modeling reference view of various hierarchies were discussed.

总结了面向效能评估的导弹体系对对仿真基本概念和特点，分析了体系对抗仿真模型描述中存在的主要问题，在此基础上，提出体系－实体－行为的分层组合描述方法，作为体系对抗仿真的建模方法，即SEB组合建模方法，并给出其参考模型和各个层次建模的参考视圈。

As to the remaining parameters, two methods are developed: first, accepting that the projection function complies with a circular function within at least a part of a given field of view, constrained by the obtained object-to-image radial mapping and a constant focal length, the best-fitting point of the optical origin is tested along the optical axis; secondly, referring to the postulation of the exclusively bilateral mapping between an imaged point and its scenic sight ray, a measuring technique is developed to survey the world coordinates which will fabricate a projecting path to the imaged points located on the imageable region of the image plane in order to directly model the projection geometries involved.

而针对其余参数本文提出两种解题方法：其一是根据『在「部分视野角范围」内，鱼眼相机的投射模型符合一典型的「圆形函数」』以标靶实体与其影像尺寸为限制条件，测试光学轴上的最佳视觉参考点、鉴定最适当的投射模型、焦距、及有效的视野角度范围。其二是根据『一视野线排他性地与对应「呈影点」一一映射』参考一呈影点来搜寻空间中对应视野线的绝对座标后，据以演绎相机内部影像形成的模型。

First, on the basis of the theory of fairness and efficiency in tax, expense deducting is analyzed referring to the juristic principle, which provides theoretical basis and reference for the adjustment in expense deducting system. Second, by the method of induction and comparing, the author analyzes and introduces the expense deducting system in other countries or regions. Third, defects which exist in current expense deducting system of individual income tax are demonstrated. At last, connected to the reform of patterns of individual income tax, relative suggestions regarding to the adjustment of expense deducting system in our country are put forward, which is adopting mixed tax jurisdiction. The two patterns of family tax and individual tax exist at the same time and family tax should be prevailing. These two patterns can be chosen by taxpayer voluntarily. Referring to the methods in other countries and regions, the items and standard of expense deducting of individual income tax should be improved.

首先以税收的公平和效率理论为基础，结合税收扣除的法律原则，对费用扣除进行分析，为我国的费用扣除制度调整提供了理论依据及参考；其次，运用归纳比较的方法，对国外的费用扣除制度进行了分析介绍；再次，论证了我国现行个人所得税费用扣除制度存在的缺陷；最后，本文结合个税税制模式的改革，提出调整我国费用扣除制度的相关建议：实行混合制；选择家庭课税和个人课税并存的模式，以家庭课税为主，由纳税人纳税时自愿选择；参考国外的做法，完善个人所得税费用扣除项目及标准。

This is a cursor animation of a simple example, you can refer to reference!

这是一个动画光标的简单例子，大家可以参考参考！

Furthermore, a new algorithm based on Fourier-transform technique combining with different calculations is proposed, which is suitable to measure steps. The new algorithm overcomes the disadvantages of old one needing datum reference and plane of reference, increasing this algorithm's utility.

基於傅里叶变换的波长移相算法，提出了结合差分运算的适合於台阶测量的新算法，克服了已有算法中需要参考基凖和参考面的缺点，提高了算法的实用性。

This paper measured the constitutive relation of soil in the condition of the low stain-rate by Split Hopkinson Press Bar technology. It offers the reference for study in high stain-rate in the future. And simulated the explosion between soil and concrete by finite element dynamic analysis software LS-DYNA3D. Finished the numerical simulation for power of exploding between soil and concrete in different position of detonator and different scale model. Set out the curves of displacement, velocity, acceleration and pressure of different position. Obtained the destructibility of concrete target in different explosion condition. It offers data reference for theory studying and engineering designing.

本文首先利用分离式Hopkinson压杆实验技术测定了土在低应变率下的本构关系，为以后进行较高应变率下的研究提供了参考；后面着重利用三维显式非线性有限元动力分析软件LS-DYNA3D对土壤混凝土介质中的爆炸进行了数值模拟，采用土壤混凝土分层介质模型，完成了不同装药位置、不同缩比模型的混凝土模型中爆炸威力的数值模拟，测定了不同情况下的压力曲线及典型位置的质点位移、速度、加速度和压力，得出了混凝土靶在各种不同爆炸条件下的破坏情况，为理论研究和工程设计提供了数据参考。

Results The behavioral features of the aged learning and memory impaired rats were as follow: 1 There was little change happened to the sample performance. 2 The spatial reference memory had obviously declined. The swimming times of searching the hidden platform in the place discrimination performance, the swimming time in a 40cm annulus at the primary platform place (A40T) and the platform crossings in the probe trial performance were the most suitable indexes for mirroring the spatial reference memory abilities. 3 The spatial working memory had not decreased so clearly.

结果 老年学习记忆损害大鼠的行为学改变特征为：1简单学习记忆任务的学习能力没有明显变化。2空间参考记忆能力明显减退，寻找平台所用的游泳时间，40cm环内游泳时间(A40T)和平台跨越次数是反映老年学习记忆害大鼠空间参考记忆能力的理想指标。3空间工作记忆能力减退不明显。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。