参数积分

Concretely speaking, time parameter contains Preburn time, Set, and Data acquisition time. Atomization parameter consists of Power control and Vacuum control.

时间设定包括预燃时间、数据采集时间点的设定和积分时间；原子化参数包括功率控制和真空控制。

Through investigating the effect of glow discharge parameters such as voltage,current,preburn time and integrating time on the precision and intensity of the emission line,the parameters of analyzing stainless steel were optimized and a new method for the determination of 11 elements in stainless steel by direct current glow discharge -optical emission spectrometry was established.

通过对直流辉光放电光谱法分析不锈钢样品光谱行为的研究，考察了工作参数如放电电压、电流、预溅射时间和积分时间对光谱强度和稳定性的影响。

Golikov as the general and single-valued criterion for evaluating the acoustics of rooms and auditori- ums have been critically examined,with detailed discussionsconcerning:(1) the empirical foundation of the articulation-Q"functional relationship A= f,(2)the derivation of the"particular criterion"or the optimum re- verberation condition form Q",(3)the meaning of a time integration of the "noise-interference factoras viewed from the theorey of auditory perce- ption...

主要内容有：(1)以在不同的条件(如语言、测试人员、宣读方式以及声学场所等)之下的清晰度测验结果来验证 A=f函数的适用性，(2)判断了从Q&来推求以体积为参数的最佳混响时间的可能性，(3)，从听觉理论来讨论&混响干扰因子&对时间积分的意义，(4)讨论了原作者对&噪声因子&的看法，指出了&噪声因子&定义中的一些值得存疑之处。

These algorithms were used to estimate parameters of the integrated-form Monod model based on synthetic data and published data, respectively.

这些算法利用模拟数据和文献数据，佑计了积分形式的Monod模型参数。

There are many methods for computation of the slope and deflection of beams such as the integration method, the finite difference method, the Macaulay's method, the Mohr's 'area-moment' method and so on. They possess mostly the characteristics of complex computing or searching schematics.

有多种方法求梁的位移，如积分法、迭加法、初参数方程法、其轭梁法、有限差分法、奇异函数法和莫尔&面积一力矩&法等等，其大都具有或计算复杂或依赖各种不同的图表等特点。

On the basis of DSC curves of B/KNO_3 igniter powder,the apparent activation energy E of thermal decomposition is calculated with Kissinger′s methods and the probable mechanism function is available from master plot method.

利用差示扫描量热法得到B/KNO3的热分解曲线，用K iss inger方程估算了B/KNO3的表观活化能，用标准作图法得到最可几热分解机理函数，再用积分法求得不同升温速率下热分解的动力学参数活化能E和指前因子A。

Analyzing on the fault of local rubbing caused by compatible misalignment of rotors, a dynamic model for the rotor system with misalignment and rub-impact was established. Then the dynamic behaviors of this system, which varied with the values of parallel misalignment and declination, were investigated by using numerical integral method.

以水轮发电机组转子系统为研究对象，针对刚性联轴器综合不对中引起转子局部碰摩的问题，建立了机组转子不对中–碰摩耦合故障的动力学模型和微分方程，并利用数值积分方法研究该系统随不对中平行量和偏角参数变化的动力学行为。

In order to investigate the effect of minior actinide data on integral parameter, the accelerator-driven minior actinide benchmark system was selected in this work.

为了确定加速器驱动系统中少錒系核素的核数据的不确定性对此系统中积分参数的影响，选择一铅－铋冷却次临界系统来进行分析，选择不同的微观评价库，CENDL-3.0，JENDL-3.2及ENDF/B-VI。

After all the angular integrations and spin summations completed, the needed parameters in the non-relativistic wave functions have been acquired using the variational method and so the functions themselves have been established in this way.

在第三章中，利用对角和法则，导出了类硼离子基态及第一激发态非相对论能量的解析表达式，完成涉及到的角向积分和自旋求和后，利用变分原理求出了非相对论性波函数中的待定参数，从而确定了非相对论性波函数，并获得类硼离子基态及第一激发态非相对论能量。

The reactionsystem of polyesterification of DFA and EG was analyzed and simplified. Based on thehypothesis of equal and unequal activity of the end-group of monomer and polymer,the modelⅠand modelⅡfor estimating kinetic parameters were established usingimproved Genetic Algorithm, which was so improved by introducing the Elitist Model,Simulate annealing, Runge-Kutta method, proportional distribution randomizer etc.into the operators, and these models were more compatible with the estimation ofcomplex reaction kinetic model parameters.

对二聚脂肪酸与乙二醇缩聚反应体系进行了分析和简化，基于单体和聚合物端基等活性及不等活性的假设，采用已加入最优保存策略、变量数值扰动、龙格库塔积分(Runge-Kutta)算法、均匀分布的随机数发生器算子的遗传算法，建立了模型Ⅰ和模型Ⅱ，并利用C~计算机语言编程来估算动力学模型的参数。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。