参数方程

A series of theoretical and experimental studies on the microstrip patch antennas with dielectric superstrates is carried out systematically. Firstly, a comprehensive survey of the microstrip antenna technology and its theories are presented. Then, two analysis techniques, named as the spectral domain Green's function method and the spectral domain integral equation method are developed. The SDGF method is a simplified analysis technique, which takes advantage of the spectral domain immittance approach to find the dyadic Green's function for the stratified media, and obtains the complete closed-form formulas for radiation patterns, directivity, efficiency, gain etc. Some interesting calculated results are presented. The SDIE method is capable of determining resonant frequency, radiation characteristics, input impedance etc, for the covered microstrip patch antennas. Comparing with other full-wave analyses it reduced computation and mathematical labour remarkably. The singularities near the pole location of the surface-wave modes and the difficulty of the integral computation over infinite range of oscillating integrands are dealt with actively and documented well. Results predicted by the SDIE method agree extremely well with our experimental results for resonant frequencies of various superstrates. The superstrate effects on impedance and radiation characteristics also have been investigated experimentally so that the gap due to lack of measured data and computed results for multi-layered superstrate has been filled to some degrees and two useful observations have been achieved for weakening the resonant frequency shift and optimizing the microstrip antenna gain. As a meaningful application, the design and analysis of a 4×4 patch array are introduced.

实用微带天线普遍加介质覆盖层来防护热，物理损伤和环境影响，也可能在飞行或严酷气候条件下自然形成覆盖层本论文对带介质覆盖层的微带贴片天线系统地作了一系列理论和实验研究首先，对微带天线技术和理论作了全面的综述然后，发展了两种分析方法，称为谱域格林函数法和谱域积分方程法SDGF法是一种简化的分析技术，它利用谱域导抗法来求得分层媒质的并矢格林函数，并得出方向图、方向性系数、增益等参数的完整的闭式公式，给出了一些令人感兴趣的计算结果SDIE法能确定介质覆盖微带天线的谐振频率、辐射特性和输入阻抗等与其它全波分析方法相比，它明显减小了计算量和数学工作量已有效地处理了表面波模极点附近的奇异性和对振荡的被积函数的无限区间积分计算的困难对于不同覆盖层情况下的谐振频率，由SDIE法所预示的结果与我们的实验结果吻合得很好对于覆盖层对阻抗和辐射特性的影响也已作了实验研究这在某种程度上填补了缺少实验数据和计算结果之间的间隙，并得出了缓解谐振频率偏移和优化天线增益的两点有用的结论作为有意义的应用，介绍了一个4×4元矩形贴片天线阵的设计和分析。

The analytical solutions for the ABCD matrices of uniform transmission lines are expanded into matrix infinite series with very simple terms, from which two important properties about the time-domain response of all kinds of transmission lines are obtained. The lines analyzed may have frequency-dependent parameters and arbitrary terminals.

由于网络理论中ABCD矩阵的特殊性质，该方法对非均匀传输线时域响应的分析具有更大的优越性，能分析的传输线可以具有频变参数和任意负载终端，给出了计算非均匀传输线ABCD矩阵的两种方法，一种是将非均匀传输线等效为一系列由长度很短的均匀传输线构成的子网络的级联，另一种是用单步法直接求解ABCD矩阵所满足的微分方程。

On the basis of establishing planar cutting model and cutting equation, through analyzing the rigidity of technical system infrequency chart, change cutting coefficient and the angle of cutter etc, emphasis measuring and analyzing hard turning 45 hardened steel the damaged layer of finished surface cutting force the roughness on finished surface and researching on the mechanism of wear and damage of cutter.

在分析二元切削模型和切削方程的基础上，进一步研究了切削变形及其影响机理；通过工艺系统刚性的频谱分析，改变切削用量、刀具几何参数等因素，测量并分析研究了精切淬硬钢的切削力、已加工表面粗糙度、加工硬化及表面残余应力及刀具的磨损情况，基本形成了精加工45~#淬硬钢的切削基础理论。

By usingthe relation between the Bergman kernel and the Riemann mapping and Plemly for-mulae,the second boundary integral equation about the Bergman kernel is obtained,moreover,the integral kernel is a continuous,without any singularity,parametized Neu-mann kernel.We discuss the case of some symmetric property,and get correspondingresults.

主要利用Bergman核与Riemann映照之间的关系，推导出Bergman核满足带有参数化Neumann核的第二类边界积分方程，积分核是连续的没有任何奇性，并讨论了具有某种对称性质的情形。

Influence of simulation parameters on simulation precision of the springback, such as elements type, material types, constitutive equations, integral point selections, contact conditions, friction rules, and like that, has been analyzed.

分析总结了数值模拟中模拟参数（有限无算法、单元类型、材料模型、本构方程、积分点选取、接触和摩擦法则等）对回弹模拟精度的影响。

Based on the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral and complex analytical signal representation,the free-space propagation equation and its Fourier spectrum for ultrashort chirped pulsed Gaussian beams are derived,and the far-field analytical electric field and spatial intensity are presented.

基于瑞利-索末菲衍射积分，使用复解析信号法推导出了啁啾脉冲高斯光束在自由空间中的传输方程及其傅里叶谱，给出了远场的光场和空间光强的解析式，研究了啁啾参数C对脉冲光束传输的影响。

By fitting of experimental data of concrete beams with 2-D composite cracks based on the fictitious crack model, mathematical expressions for parameters α and β in the 2-D composite inteneration equations for Ⅰ-Ⅱ,Ⅰ-Ⅲ, and Ⅱ-Ⅲ composite cracks are obtained, and based on the expressions, 2-D composite inteneration curves under different proportions of two stress intensity factors, that is under different weights, at the ends of 2-D composite cracks can be directly derived.

作者中文名：邵勇；王向东摘要：基于虚拟裂缝模型，通过对混凝土二维复合型裂缝梁试验数据的拟合，得到了ⅠⅡ，ⅠⅢ，ⅡⅢ3种二维复合型软化方程中参数α，β的数学表达式。据此表达式可直接求得二维复合型缝端2个应力强度因子之任意比值下混凝土二维复合型的软化曲线。

The asymptote behavior of intermediate point in the Mean Value Theorem for integrals ;2. Based on numerical integrals , the model parameters are estimated from the differential equation without iterations, the method is very effective in overcoming large amounts of measurement noise in the output.

提出一种简单但鲁棒性强的传感器动态建模方法，该方法基于数值积分思想，能有效克服测量噪声，无需迭代即可直接从微分方程辨识出模型参数，所建模型阶次较低、准确度较高，且较易实现递推算法，为传感器改善动态特性、实现动态补偿提供一种有效方法。

And varying interval and Grey power function of Grey parameter in this model is also defined with experimental results of the author and many related references.

根据笔者自己的实测实验结果和他人实验的结果，分析了室内空气品质灰色非本征方程中各个灰参数取值范围和灰色权函数。

The main results of the study are obtained as follows:1 In order to analyze and study the physical and mechanical characteristics of Lianyungang marine soft clay deeply, large numbers of basic mechanical characteristics tests and tri-axial shear tests are completed.2 In order to investigate the loaded and failure characteristics of the cement-soil, the cement-soils for the different ratio and different cure time are studied in the laboratory, and their unconfined compression tests and tri-axial shear tests are performed.3 Based on the solution of one-dimension consolidation, the one-dimension consolidation of the double-layered foundation is solved for two-grade loading in virtue of transcendental equation; Simultaneously, the one-dimension consolidation of the double-layered foundation is solved by means of Laplace transform for two-grade loading, and Stehfest numerical transform is applied in Laplace's inverse transformation; Furthermore, according to the practical foundation shapes, the consolidation models of the soil between piles and the substratum are built and solved respectively.4 The effect of each parameters on the consolidation of the double-layered foundation is discussed, and the solution of load transfer method for double-layered foundation is applied in A1-A4 section of Lian-Xu expressway. The results of calculating settlement of the double-layered consolidation theory are basic agreement with the measuring settlement results.

取得了以下几方面的研究成果：1针对连云港海相软土进行一维固结和三轴剪切试验，深入分析连云港海相软土的物理力学特性。2模拟水泥土搅拌桩施工，在室内制备不同配比、不同龄期的水泥土试样，并进行无侧限抗压试验和三轴剪切试验，揭示水泥土的受力特性及破坏特性。3运用超越方程，以双层地基一维固结解析解为基础，推导出二级加荷条件下双层地基的固结解析解；同时，通过荷载传递法并借助Laplace变换对双层地基的固结问题进行了数值求解；此外，根据实际的地基结构，建立了桩间土和下卧层的固结模型并分别进行求解分析。4分析探讨了双层地基中各参数对双层地基固结的影响程度，并运用荷载传递法的解答计算了连-徐高速公路A1-A4标水泥土搅拌桩处理段的六个断面，计算结果与实测数据有较好的一致性。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。