参数方程

The energy balance equations and exergy balance equations of beat exchanger and power equipment in the combined power cycle were established. Taking condensation temperature of Rankine cycle, inlet and outlet pressure of turbine of Rankine cycle, inlet and outlet pressures of turbine of LNG cycle as key parameters, the influences of these parameters on the thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency of the combined power cycle were analyzed.

建立了混合动力循环中换热和动力设备的能量平衡方程和可用能平衡方程，并以朗肯循环冷凝温度、朗肯循环透平进出口压力、液化天然气循环透平进出口压力为关键参数，分析了上述关键参数对混合动力循环热效率和可用能效率的影响。

Firstly,using the method of concentrate mass this paper establish a non-linear dynamics model of a two-stage gear train with backlashe between the gear pair,and through analysed the dynamics model,the torsional motion differential equations are got , on this basis,then calculate the torsional motion differential equations using Runge—Kutta method ,and discuss how to influence the dynamics characteristic of system when these parameters chage such as mesh frequentcies、 stiffness of the intermediate shaft、the ration of mesh frequentcies.and discuss when the chaos will happen under the change of these parameters.

首先用集中质量法建立系统的含间隙的非线性动力学模型，并根据牛顿力学定理，得到系统的运动微分方程。然后对所建立的运动微分方程运用四阶变步长Runge—Kutta方法进行了求解，并对计算结果进行分析，研究了齿轮啮合频率、中间联接轴的刚度，一、二级齿轮的啮合频率比等参数变化时，对系统非线性动力学特性的影响规律，并讨论了当参数如何变化时会导致系统的混沌响应的出现。

Firstly, the average equation under first,and second order of Van der pol-Mathieu-Duffing system are obtained through theatric methods. According to the stability criteria, the physical parameter plane is divided into different regions, associated with different types of steady state solutions, which are proved by employing numerical methods.

本文首先通过理论分析得到了Van der pol-Mathieu-Duffing方程在一、二阶近似下的定常解，分析了平均方程在不同参数平面内的幅值响应曲线，根据解的稳定性判据得到了物理参数平面上的分岔集以及定常运动在相应平面的分布情况，详细分析了该系统在各个区域内的动力学特性。

Changes in distribution of unobservable characteristicsof people cause little effects.

参与选择方程行为参数的改变，以及教育选择方程参数的改变对收入分布的影响都非常大，尤其是后者。

By introducing a parametric canonical transformation,Hamiltonian constraintequation in SO(3)ADM phase space is transformed into the parametric formin the Ashtekar phase space.

本文中提出了一个参数化的正则变换，将Palatini理论中SO(3)ADM相空间中的哈密顿约束方程变换到阿西特卡相空间，由此导出参数化的约束方程。

Based on the theories of rheology, Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, petroleum chemistry, crystallography and pipeline technology etc. and sampling Huabei crudes, experimental indexes and programmes are drew out, integrating the oil properties and parameter analysis; in terms of the macro analysis of continuum mechanics, substantial experiments are conducted with HAAKE RS600 rotational rheometer and the rheological equation as well as the viscosity-temperature equation are further developed with tested rhrogramme and viscosity-temperature curve, respectively. Beased on the researches on thixotropic mechanism and thixotropy fluid property, hysteresis loop curve, structure failure and viscosity build-up curve as well as shear stress decrement curve for one type oil are first present in this paper. According to the theoretical researches and testing results, a novel thixotropy equation with τ=τ_∞e~ pattern, which is of hi-accuracy, few parameter and simplicity, is developed. Considering the influence of various parameters on rheological behaviour, depressant adding condition is optimized and experimental evaluation on BEM-5P is conducted, which further unrip its mechanism on the Huabei crude. A corresponding viable pipe transportion programmel is also recommended.

本文基于原油流变学、非牛顿流体力学、石油化学、结晶学、原油管输工艺学等理论，以华北原油为研究对象，结合原油物性及实验影响因素分析，制定出实验研究的评价指标及实验方案；从连续介质力学宏观分析的角度，利用HAAKE RS600高端旋转流变仪开展了大量的室内实验，并运用微观研究方法，测定了油样的流变曲线和粘温曲线，建立了流变方程和粘温方程；通过对触变性机理和触变性流体特征的研究，首次对华北原油测定出滞回环曲线、结构破坏与恢复粘时曲线、剪切应力裂降过程曲线，并在理论研究和实验结果的基础之上，建立了能定量描述含蜡原油剪切应力裂降过程的新型三参数触变模式τ=τ_∞e~b/(t+c，该模型具有精度高、参数少、实验简便且适用性强的特点；通过对含蜡原油流变性的影响因素理论研究，开展了加剂条件优选及BEM-5P降凝剂室内评价实验，进一步揭示了降凝剂对华北原油作用机理，在此基础之上，提出了华北原油管输的可行性方案。

Based on the theories of rheology, Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, petroleum chemistry, crystallography and pipeline technology etc. and sampling Huabei crudes, experimental indexes and programmes are drew out, integrating the oil properties and parameter analysis; in terms of the macro analysis of continuum mechanics, substantial experiments are conducted with HAAKE RS600 rotational rheometer and the rheological equation as well as the viscosity-temperature equation are further developed with tested rhrogramme and viscosity-temperature curve, respectively. Beased on the researches on thixotropic mechanism and thixotropy fluid property, hysteresis loop curve, structure failure and viscosity build-up curve as well as shear stress decrement curve for one type oil are first present in this paper. According to the theoretical researches and testing results, a novel thixotropy equationwith τ=τ_∞e~ pattern, which is of hi-accuracy, few parameter and simplicity, is developed.Considering the influence of various parameters on rheological behaviour, depressant adding condition is optimized and experimental evaluation on BEM-5P is conducted, which further unrip its mechanism on the Huabei crude. A corresponding viable pipe transportion programmel is also recommended.

本文基于原油流变学、非牛顿流体力学、石油化学、结晶学、原油管输工艺学等理论，以华北原油为研究对象，结合原油物性及实验影响因素分析，制定出实验研究的评价指标及实验方案；从连续介质力学宏观分析的角度，利用HAAKE RS600高端旋转流变仪开展了大量的室内实验，并运用微观研究方法，测定了油样的流变曲线和粘温曲线，建立了流变方程和粘温方程；通过对触变性机理和触变性流体特征的研究，首次对华北原油测定出滞回环曲线、结构破坏与恢复粘时曲线、剪切应力裂降过程曲线，并在理论研究和实验结果的基础之上，建立了能定量描述含蜡原油剪切应力裂降过程的新型三参数触变模式τ=τ_∞e~b/(t+c，该模型具有精度高、参数少、实验简便且适用性强的特点；通过对含蜡原油流变性的影响因素理论研究，开展了加剂条件优选及BEM-5P降凝剂室内评价实验，进一步揭示了降凝剂对华北原油作用机理，在此基础之上，提出了华北原油管输的可行性方案。

Based on the detailed analyzing of impact system working process, the differential eguation of the system was got, and the mathematical model of the hydraulic impact system was builted, on basis of the mathematical model, By using of dynamic simulation function of Matlab ,the author has built the simulation model of the impact system based on software Simulink and run it after inputting the parameter ,the dynamic graph curve of impact velocity and presser of oil and position of knife rest were got, and the dynamic characteristic of impact system was analyzed,the simulated results are accorded with the fact,and some rational parameters can be found.

在对冲击式采煤机液压冲击系统工作过程进行详细分析的基础上，运用微分方程建模方法，建立了液压冲击系统的数学模型即系统的动态方程，并在该数学模型的基础上，采用Matlab中的Simulink动态仿真功能，建立了基于Simulink的冲击系统仿真模型，通过给定冲击式采煤机冲击系统的相关参数，对该系统进行仿真，得到了冲击式采煤机工作过程中冲击速度和油液压力以及刀架位移的变化曲线，进而对冲击系统的动态特性进行了分析，结果与实际情况较为吻合，并由此得出某些合理的参数。

Then we introduce the parametrization of the equation of state of the dark energy and the reconstructions of three dark energy models - quintessence field, k-essence field, tachyon field.

然后介绍了暗能量物态方程的参数化以及利用参数化的物态方程重建的三个暗能量模型-quintessence模型、k-essence模型、tachyon模型。

By field and indoor test, the paper measures soil physical property, soilmoisture constant and soil water movement parameter, provides the soil specificgravity , the soil apparent density, the soil fraction, the soil field moisturecapacity, the soil saturated moisture capacity, the soil percent moisture content ofcom germination and seedlings emergence, the corn wilting point, and alsoestablishes the equation of soil water retention curves, the equation of soil waterdispersion coefficient and the relationship between pressure and soil apparentdensity, and so those provides the parameter for numerical simulation.

通过田间和室内试验，测定了供试土壤的物理性质、土壤水分常数和土壤水分运动参数，得到了该土样的比重、容重、机械组成、田间持水率、饱和含水率、玉米种子发芽出苗土壤含水率、玉米凋萎系数，给出了土壤水分特征曲线方程、土壤水分扩散系数方程及土壤容重与土壤压紧力的关系，提供了数值模拟过程中所需的参数。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。