参数化

By mixing the model of life cycle law and the fast prototype law in the course of systematic development, the system has been fully benefited by I-DEAS variable size driving. The passenger train (hard seat car, hard sleeping car, soft sleeping car, soft carriage) of common use was mutually designed by incorporating the parameter and computer graphics, the three-dimensional, level and section pictures were assigned automatically, the scheme design with parameter and automation was realized.

在系统的开发过程中采用了生命周期法和快速原型法的混合开发模型，充分利用了I—DEAS软件的变量化尺寸驱动特性，集参数化和计算机绘图于一体，通过对通用客车(硬座车、硬卧车、软卧车、软座车)进行交互设计，自动生成三维效果图和平面、断面布置图，实现了铁路客车方案设计的参数化设计与自动化设计。

Using coupling model M4RC3 and improved MM4, a dust storm and a snow storm were simulated respectively. The effects of radiation parameterization and microphysics parameterization on development of dust storm and snow storm mesoscale system were discussed. Dynamical and thermodynamical diagnoses were also carried out to study the developing mechanism on the systems.

用耦合模式M4RC3和引入三相云显式降水方案后改进和发展的中尺度模式MM4分别对西北地区黑风暴和暴雪进行了数值模拟，讨论了模式中辐射参数化和微物理过程参数化对与黑风暴和暴雪相伴的中尺度系统演变的影响，并对这些系统发生、发展的机制进行了动力学和热力学诊断。

This system can complete quickly,the realtime parametric design of turbojet,turbofan,turboprop and turboshaft engine and its parts.During designing the required information,data and structural graphics can be inquired interactively from Aeroengine Information Database and Structure Database.

该系统可以实现对涡喷、涡扇、涡轴和涡桨航空发动机部件图和总图的参数化实时设计，在参数化设计过程中提供发动机信息数据库、结构数据库的交互式查询，为设计提供所需的信息、数据和结构图形支持，可达到快速地生成供方案论证应用的各种航空发动机部件图、总图及各种信息，能快速实现多方案对比设计。

Given a manifold triangle mesh with zero genus and arbitrary topology, it is globally parameterized over the unit sphere S2 in E3 firstly.

对于给定的具有任意拓扑结构的零亏格三角形网格，算法首先将其在单位球面上进行全局参数化得到一个参数化网格。

In general, most 3D parametric design systems use plane and sphere as basic tools to draw a three-dimensional diagram. In this paper, we introduce a class of new drawing tools: conicoid.

通常大多数三维参数化CAD系统都只用平面和球面作为最基本的作图工具，这在某种程度上限制了三维参数化CAD系统的作图范围。

By introducing a parametric canonical transformation,Hamiltonian constraintequation in SO(3)ADM phase space is transformed into the parametric formin the Ashtekar phase space.

本文中提出了一个参数化的正则变换，将Palatini理论中SO(3)ADM相空间中的哈密顿约束方程变换到阿西特卡相空间，由此导出参数化的约束方程。

This paper presents a novel image retargeting method using saliency-based mesh parameterization. Specifically, this paper formulates retargeting an image to desired size as a constrained mesh parameterization problem which aims at finding a homomorphous target mesh with desired size.

提出一种全新的基于网格参数化的图像适应方法，该方法的关键在于把图像表示为特征网格，从而将图像适应问题转化为网格的参数化，即求取一个与该特征网格同拓扑，且具有目标屏幕尺寸的网格。

Incurrent research, aiming at the rupture problem engendered in the shooting process of acertain 5.56mm automatic rifle, the strain and stress distributions on the cartridge caseunder the action of axial pull have been analyzed. Based on the theories of elastic-plasticmechanics and contact mechanics, a mathematic and physical model of the cartridge-caseand chamber system has been set up; and based on the platform of the general softwarepackage APDL of ANSYS for finite element analysis, a parameterized model of thecartridge-case and chamber system has also been established. The method for nonlinearFEA has been adopted to analyze the stress distribution on the entire cartridge-case andchamber system, and the method of contact element has been employed to investigate thecontact stress between the cartridge case and chamber, and then the influences of frictioncoefficient and locking space on the static and dynamic stress and strain response of thecartridge case and chamber to the action of power gas have also been discussed. On thebasis of a lot of numerical tests, a kind of element Plane13, which is concentrated incoupled computation of heat and construction, has been used finally to simulate thetransient response of the cartridge-case and chamber system to the power gas. Throughloading the temporary thermal characteristics of explosive gas in the procedure of emulate, the corresponding transient thermal stress distributed on the entire system under thecombined load of transient thermal stress and transient pressure has been obtained. Owingto these comprehensive considerations, the numerical results obtained in this paperrepresent the actual situations comparatively exactly.

本文针对某5.56mm自动步枪在工作中出现断壳的问题，分析了弹壳在轴向拉力作用下的应力应变；基于弹塑性力学及接触理论，建立了弹壳弹膛系统的数学、物理学模型，在通用有限元ANSYS软件的参数化建模工具APDL平台上，建立了弹壳弹膛系统的参数化模型；采用非线性有限元法计算了弹壳弹膛系统的整体应力，引入接触单元法分析弹壳和弹膛的接触压力，探讨了在不同的摩擦系数和不同的闭锁间隙对弹壳弹膛静、动态响应的影响；本文进行了大量的尝试，最后确定采用热、结构耦合单元Plane13，在计算中加载了火药气体的温度历程，成功的获得了弹壳弹膛系统在瞬态的热载荷和瞬态的压力载荷同时作用下弹壳弹膛系统的热应力数值解，考虑因素全面，比较真实的反映了弹壳弹膛系统在火药气体压力和热载荷下作用的情况。

Summer monsoon precipitation in 1998 is simulated with different soil temperature and solar short wave radiation parameterization schemes using the improved p-σ nine level hybrid coordinate model.It is found that the improved soil temperature calculation method together with Lacis and Hansen short wave radiation parameterization has a good simulation for precipitation.

利用改进后的p-σ 9层混合坐标系模式，采用不同的土壤温度与太阳短波辐射参数化方案，对1998年夏季风降水进行模拟，发现改进的土壤温度计算法和改进的Lacis和Hansen 短波辐射参数化方法相结合能较好地模拟降水。

Parametrical feature library is developed with characterization and parameterization technology, and it can provide user with well defined feature to complete the design of part.

参数化特征库基于特征造型技术和参数化技术创建，用户可以运用这些定义好的库特征元件完善零件的设计，特征库还可以根据需要不断扩充。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。