参数化

To improve the precision of tree biomass parameter calculation, this paper explicates the principle, method and process to estimate the parameters of tree biomass by the nonlinear least square according to the formula of allometry method. It gives the formula to calculate the variance and covariance estimated parameters, and reveals the essence of logarithmic linearization regression of power function.

为了提高林木生物量参数的计算精度，根据林木相对生长公式，阐述用非线性最小二乘法求解生物量参数估值的原理、方法和过程；给出计算参数估值之方差与协方差的公式；揭示幂函数对数线性化回归的本质。

Both the effects of vibration parameters, fluidization parameters etc on properties of fluidized and mutual effects between parameters were studied.

文中研究了振动参数、流化参数等对流化床特性的影响及参数之间的交互作用。

ABSTRACT Aiming at problems of trans-vector controller in a vehicle-carried induction motor such as variable rotor and stator resistance following motor temperature, and their inductance varying with flux saturation degrees. Firstly, CSI and VSI are introduced, for CSI, it can hold the advantages both FOC and DTC using stator flux directional, PI parameter and simulation are also introduced. Secondly, equations of IM in the synchronous rotary frame and its static counterpart, as figuring in the saturation condition of magnetic field, are dealt in this paper and the simulation results are presented. Thereafter, the parameter designing of PI trans-vector controller is processed, which features the non-linear model. In practical realization, as neglecting the dynamical change of motor inductance, this paper employs online modification of inductance parameters, according to the flux saturation, then transforms the non-linear equations into linear ones, and so compacts the structure of controller. Thirdly, in view of the maximum torque output is extraordinary requisite when Electrical Vehicle start up, accelerate, and overtake, this paper issues the maximum torque when both inverter and battery capacity is corporeally definite. Fourthly, on-line differentiating and analyzing both rotor's time constants and its flux by using the expanding order reduction and discrete Kalman filter equation are fathomed, in order to realize high-performance trans-vector algorithm, and also the simulation results are presented. Fifthly, the close-loop regenerative brake system, when the EV's torque is set constant, is deduced; at the same time, unification of electric drive model and brake model is executed. Combined with maximum charge current demands, the mathematical model for online yielding torque as a demand.

本论文针对车载异步电机在矢量控制器所遇到的问题：定转子电阻随温度变化及随电机饱和程度变化的转子电感及定子电感而影响电机调速性能提出一套完整的解决方案：分析了电流型逆变器和电压型逆变器在实现矢量控制时控制器参数的计算，分析出对于电流型逆变器在采用定子磁场定向时，其性能同时具有矢量控制和直接转矩控制两者的优势，并对电压型逆变器在转子磁场定向下的模型进行了仿真研究；建立异步电机非线性模型，推导出考虑磁饱和时异步电机在同步旋转坐标系及静止坐标系下的方程，并做出了仿真结果，建立异步电机在非线性模型下的矢量控制调节器的PI参数设计，在实际应用中，若忽略电机电感的动态变化，可以根据当前的磁路饱和状态而在线修正电感参数，从而将非线性方程线性化，降低控制器的复杂度；考虑到电动汽车在起动和加速超车时需要电机有最大转矩输出，本文讨论在逆变器容量一定和电池供电能力有限的情况下电机最大转矩输出问题；推导了异步电机扩展降阶、离散卡尔曼滤波方程在线辨识转子时间常数和转子磁通，用于实现高性能的矢量控制算法，并给出了仿真结果；推导出了电动汽车恒转矩给定的闭环回馈制动系统，实现了电动控制模型和制动模型的统一，而且结合铅酸电池最大充电电流的要求，为制动转矩在线给定建立了数学模型；设计了基于双DSP系统的高性能矢量控制器软硬件框图，并以大量实验数据说明矢量控制在电动汽车应用的实际应用状况。

The effects of the corrosive accelerator,acid ratio,phosphatizing temperature,phosphatizing time and the additives on zinc phosphatization of aluminum alloy were investigated.

以LY12铝合金为试样，讨论了腐蚀加速剂、酸比、磷化温度、磷化时间、磷化添加剂对铝合金磷化的影响，得出了相应的最佳工艺参数。

Based on TIKHONOV regularization method and considering sufficiently the practice of Geodesy, the main thread of the choice of the regularizer and the determination of the smoothing parameters is grasped and the in-depth research on the ill-posed problems in Geodesy is carried out.

本文基于TIKHONOV正则化方法和欧吉坤研究员提出的选权拟合的研究思路，充分考虑大地测量实际，抓住正则化矩阵的选取和正则化参数的确定这条主线，对大地测量中的不适定问题进行了深入研究，建立起了一套较系统的不适定问题处理理论及方法的框架，进一步发展了TIKHONOV正则化方法。

Modularization, as more standardized one, is a comprehensive unit in the typification of product construction, the generalization of components, the sequence of parameter, modulization of feature value dimension and combination of assembly.

模块化作为标准化的更高层次，是产品结构典型化、部件通用化、参数系列化、特征尺寸模数化和组装组合化的综合体。

Kinetics parameters of LaNi5-xAlx (x＝0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) alloys were measured. The influence of aluminium content on deuterating-dedeuterating kinetic function of LaNi5-xAlx was assessed under isothermal and isochoric condition.

测定了LaNi5-xAlx(x=0， 0.1， 0.2， 0.3)的氘化与去氘化的动力学参数，评价了铝含量对LaNi5-xAlx合金的氘化与去氘化动力学函数的影响。

And it is expected to replace the expensive organic polymer coagulants which were often suspected of being dangerous to human.The preparation technique of HSPSAS was introduced in this paper. The parameters of the process were discussed by the method of orthogonal design, such as molar ratio of Al/Si, the pH of polysilicate, the aging time of polysilicate, the pH of PSAS, the aging time of PSAS, intake of PSAS, and so on, and then an optical technology was obtained.

本文介绍了聚硅酸硫酸铝絮凝剂的制备工艺，并利用正交设计的方法，对其中Al/Si摩尔比、硅酸熟化pH值、聚硅酸熟化时间、药品熟化pH、药品熟化时间、投药量等制备参数进行了分析和讨论，得到优化的制备条件，确定了更为合理的制备工艺。

In order to avoid thee one sidedness of using only one index to decide the wear extent,a comprehensive deterioration index is put froward based on thee theory of fuzzy comprehensive analysis,and the corresponding criteria are set up also.

为了避免使用一种铁谱定量参数的劣化值进行磨损状态判别时存在的片面性，运用模糊评判理论，引入综合劣化值概念，建立了评判标准；针对引入的劣化值，开发了相应的数据处理系统，用于劣化值计算及磨损状态判别。

The endurance abilities of the embryos of sea perch, flounder and turbot at different developing stages to vitrification solutions were studied. The result showed that sea perch at tail-bud stage, heart-beating stage and pre-hatching stage had more endurance abilities to VSD2, flounder at 4-5 somites, 16-20 somites and tail-bud stage had more endurance abilities to PM3, and turbot at 4-5 somites, 16-20 somites and tail-bud stage had more endurance abilities to PMP1. The feasible equilibration time of three marine fish embryos in vitrification solutions was determined, which guided the dealing process before freezing.

对花鲈、牙鲆、大菱鲆三种鱼类不同时期胚胎分别在玻璃化液中的适应性进行了研究，发现花鲈尾芽胚、心跳胚和出膜前期胚对VSD2的耐受能力较强；牙鲆4-5以肌节胚、16-20对肌节胚、尾芽胚对PM3的耐受能力较强，大菱鲆4—5对肌节胚、16—20对肌节胚、尾芽胚对PMP1的耐受能力较强，较适合于进行玻璃化液处理和冷冻保存；并且确定了三种鱼类各时期的胚胎在玻璃化液中的适宜平衡时间，为胚胎在玻璃化液中处理和冷冻提供了一定的参数。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新