参数假设

Our results about the stability and long time asymptotic behavior of nonlinear waves are in some sense different from theirs.

假设半线性波系统的各种受控参数满足一定假设，对这样的半线性波系统的控制已经建立了一些理论。

Finishing calculation of mean value, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis of Beta distribution.(2) Fitting parameters of many kinds of typical distribution and using residual deviation to evaluate fitting precision.(3) Using Beta distribution as an agreed indication distribution applied to many kinds of practical photoelectric measurement distributions.(4) Deriving theory formula of Bayes point estimation about Beta distribution parameters and mean value and standard deviation on the condition of mean square error loss function and supposed the prior distribution is uniform distribution.(5) Generating MCMC sample from post distribution by the method of Gibbs sample algorithm. Calculating bayes point estimation from sample on the condition of mean square error loss function. Calculating confidence interval by an approximate method to complete interval estimation.

本文的主要工作有：(1)解决了Beta分布参数a和b的精确计算以及均值、标准差、偏度、峰度的计算问题；(2)拟合出10余种典型分布的Beta分布的两个参数，并且采用剩余标准差评价该Beta分布的拟合精度；(3)对多种典型的光学与光电测量系统的测量分布进行了Beta分布统示表示；(4)在假设先验分布为均匀分布前提下，得到参数a和b以及均值μ和标准差σ在均方误差损失函数下的贝叶斯点估计理论计算公式；(5)利用直接抽样的Gibbs抽样算法，从后验分布中产生MCMC样本，从样本直接计算均方误差损失函数下的贝叶斯点估计，并使用一种近似方法计算其置信区间，完成区间估计。

Based on the stress-strain relationship, tests, no tensile stress of masonry and assuming resistance submit gauss distribution, the resistance equations and its statistic parameters are obtained.

从圬工材料的应力—应变关系曲线出发，并假设圬工材料不抵抗拉应力，推导出了截面抗力的表达式并根据现有的试验资料统计，假设抗力服从正态分布，统计出分布参数。

In test data modeling, the test data distribution was analyzed, the models of these data were set up respectively based on the hypothesis of Gaussian stationary process and non-Gaussian process.

对试验数据建模时，根据对火控动态精度误差数据的分析，分别基于高斯平稳随机假设和非高斯随机假设建立AR模型，两种模型性质不同，后者采用高阶累积量估计模型参数。

In the study of the asymptotic properties, the testing statistics converges to a zero mean Gaussian process and is very sensitive to the to the local alternatives converging to the null one at a parameter convergent rate.

研究发现，文中的检验统计量在原假设下渐近收敛于一个零均值的高斯过程，并且对以参数速度收敛到原假设的被择分布特别敏锐。

A program based on four kinds of methods in thermal analysis is designed for finding out the mechanism of decomposition reaction of explosives and calculating their kinetic parameters. Compared with the Kissinger's method, the program here adopted has the advantage of exploring the reaction mechanism besieds a calculation of the kinetic parameters. Mechanism of decomposition of the explosive PYX was determined applying this program. The kinetic parameters of PYX calculated by non-isothermal integral meth...

以热分析理论为依据，摒弃了以往仅用一种热分析法进行反应动力学研究和近似假设─—炸药的热分解反应机理f＝（1—α）n所带来的弊病，采取4种热分析方法（等温积分法、等温微分法、非等温微分法、非等温积分法）相结合的方法，编制了计算程序，首先判断反应机理，然后求取动力学参数，用所编程序对PYX炸药的反应动力学进行了研究，用非等温法判断了PYX炸药的反应机理，并求得动力学参数，所求参数与Kissinger法求得的结果十分接近。

This will make it easier to sovle the system of linear equations at last.

我们构造了六参数及十二参数三角形能量正交元，用双参数法构造了一个十二参矩形能量正交板元，给出了它们在正则性条件假设下的误差估计。

The anisotropical characteristics of metal rubber elements performed under loadings in different directions were researched, and physical hypothesis were provided for the analysis of inner structure of metal rubber material The main parameters for the analysis of anisotropical performance were confirmed according to the previous hypothesis and tested experimentallyThe results show that variety of the relative heights and the radius of MR elements affect the radial stiffness of MR isolator When isola...

研究了金属橡胶构件在不同方向的载荷作用下表现出来的各向异性，提出了用于分析金属橡胶材料内部结构的物理假设，并根据假设确定了各向异性研究的主要参数，然后通过实验研究进行了验证。实验结果表明，如果改变金属橡胶元件的相对高度，增加径向尺寸可以在很大范围内改变金属橡胶隔振器的径向刚度；要使金属橡胶隔振器的力学特性更近于线性，应让隔振器在径向范围内工作；如果隔振系统中含有多个承受压载荷的金属橡胶隔振器，则可以使其工作在与成型压力方向相垂直的方向。当相同结构和尺寸的钢元件和金属橡胶元件在承受剪切载荷作用时，这两种材料表现出了相同的刚度变化趋势。

In addition, breakdown parameters near the solid wall are reinvestigated by a detailed kinetic study and a new criterion of breakdown parameter is proposed.

藉由使用直接蒙地卡罗法进行详尽的分子动力学研究重新检视，在靠近固体边界区连续流假设失效参数的使用，并且提出新的连续体假设失效与否的新标准。

Its rule of change was obtained. On the basis of other studies, the flocculation kinetics and flocs structure was studied. By making some assumptions, collision frequency were presented. Then the the flocculation kinetics model was established through population balance equation. Comparison of experimental data and modeling results indicate that there are the same trend between the two. So the model can predict flocs number and size during flocculation of Yellow River's loess particles without using empirical parameters. The TEM and SEM were used to obsever flocs in the study of floc structure. The flocculation was divided as flocculi, floc and floc aggregate. The flocs structure model was established by assumption that particles position in floc accords with tetrahedron. The fractal dimension of model and experimental flocs was found to be coincident. So the model can reflect the structure of flocs formed in flocculation of Yellow River's loess particles by macromolecule flocculant at a certain extent.

最后，本文还对絮凝动力学和絮体结构进行了研究，在前人研究的基础上，针对高分子絮凝黄河泥沙，对絮凝过程作了一些符合试验条件的假设，建立了颗粒碰撞频率表达式，应用了颗粒数量平衡方程，从而建立了絮凝过程的动力学生长模型，模型计算结果与试验数据对比表明，二者趋势一致，在没有使用经验参数的情况下基本上能够描述黄河泥沙絮凝过程中絮体数量和尺寸分布的变化过程；对絮体结构的研究中，应用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对絮体进行了观察，将絮体分为絮粒、絮团和絮网三个不同的生长阶段，通过假设颗粒结合位置符合正四面体，建立了絮体结构模型，计算得到的模型絮体分形维数基本与试验中的实际絮体相符，在一定程度上能眵反映高分子絮凝黄河泥沙生成的絮体结构。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。