参数估计

Markov chain, Statistical theory and Optimization method are used to study bonus-malus systems, mainly focusing on revising and designing of the bonus-malus system. The primaty research content and results are obtained as followes:1. Based on the characteristic that the policy will be divided into homogeneous composition and policies of non-homogeneity in a models to fit the claims numbers.

在保险实践中，将保单分为同质性保单(来源：ABC论d1文网www.abclunwen.com)组合和非同质性保单组合，根据这个特点，文中分别用不同的模型来拟合保单的索赔次数，具体的讨论了两类组合中两种特殊分布，对分布中的参数进行了估计，给出了数值算例，并分析了拟合结果。2。

The volatility of Chinese stock market is investigated using the dynamic version of stochastic volatility model, and Bayesian analysis based on MCMC is introduced to improve the parameters estimation in stochastic volatility model.

采用动态随机波动性模型实证研究了中国股票市场的波动性。通过基于马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗模拟的贝叶斯分析方法，较好地估计了随机波动性模型中的参数与波动性序列。

The fourth chapter in this paper introduces the modeling ideas of stochasticvolatility into panel data model and puts forward panel data stochastic volatilitymodel. The Kalman Filtering can be employed to filter out the quasi-likelihoodfunction of the model and quasi-maximum likelihood estimation is used as achief means of estimating the parameter of the model.

第四章则将随机波动建模思想引入平行数据模型，提出平行数据随机波动模型，运用卡尔漫滤波方法得到模型的伪似然函数，进而采用极大似然估计方法求解模型参数。

Firstly, subtractive clustering algorithm is used to confirm the structure of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system.

利用减法聚类的方法确定了自适应模糊神经网络的结构，再结合最小二乘估计法和反向传播算法对参数进行训练。

By using this feature, a maximum likelihood estimation algorithm of superimposed fBm is proposed.

在此基础上，提出了对叠加分数布朗运动的参数分别进行极大似然估计的算法，实验结果验证了该算法的有效性。

Model of adaptive session is analyzed, and available bandwidth' future estimation is achieved. The fuzzy nonlinear approximation of immune' suppresser is fulfilled by fuzzy rules' self-tuning with self-tuning factor in full domain. Then, in order to improve the traditional PID algorithm fuzzy nonlinear approximation is combined with immune feedback mechanism to adjust PID factors during the course of multimedia transmission.

分析多媒体流自适应节模型，实现IP网络可用带宽的预估计，采用全论域范围内带有自调整因子的模糊规则自调整方法进行免疫抑制量的模糊非线性逼近，并与免疫反馈机理相结合，多媒体流传输过程中自适应整定PID参数以改进传统PID算法。

Full pipeline through tensor estimation,DTI parameter image computing,tensor field visualization,fiber tracking and visualization procedures are implemented.

该系统提供了从扩散张量图像的估计重建、各种导出参数图像的生成、张量场可视化和纤维跟踪与可视化在内的完整的DTI处理与分析功能。

the article examines the characteristics of foreign exchange returns distribution,coupling with kinds of foreign exchange datas, figures out parameters of model by using variance gamma model.the empirically results ofkolmogorov-smirnov test and goodness of fit chi-square test shows that v.g.

本文运用方差gamma模型对外汇收益分布特征进行对比拟合分析，并结合几种被选汇率数据对模型参数进行估计。ks检验和卡方拟合优度检验的实证结果表明v.g。

Two kinds of filtering algorithms based on the linear theory of alpha-stable distribution and the theory of maximum likelihood estimation are developed respectively.

以alpha稳定分布的线性理论和参数的最大似然估计理论为基础，发展形成了线性滤波和非线性滤波两大类算法。

The selected image salient features are used to compute geometric transformation parameter of watermarked images. After recovering the size and aspect of watermarked images, the watermark detector is synchronized with embedded watermark. Thus the watermark detector can detect the watermark.

利用提取的图像固有特征点估计水印化图像几何变换参数，恢复经几何变换的水印化图像，同步水印检测器与图像中嵌入的水印信号，使水印检测有效检测嵌入的水印信号。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。