参数估计

On the basis of the image correlation and the nonparametric kernel density estimation, kernel density functions of background and foreground were built., Bayesian theory was used to estimate the prior probabilities of the foreground and the background, so an estimative threshold was obtained and the classification of the background and the foreground was realized.

首先，在图像相关性的基础上，利用非参数核密度估计的方法，建立前景和背景的核密度函数，再利用贝叶斯理论，估计出背景和前景的先验概率，两者相结合得到一个估计的阈值，从而实现目标和背景的分类。

We get appropriate threshold with mean excess function plot, get severity distribution of losses over threshold with GPD and frequency distribution with hypothesis test.

首先根据均超函数图估计出恰当的阈值，利用假设检验估计超阈值的发生强度，用广义帕累托分布估计了超限参数。

In the case of NA samples, the parameter for scale exponential family is discussed using empi- rical Bayes methods. Moreover, we investigate the statistical analysis of life data in reliability tests. Firstly, based on the LINEX loss function, we obtain the empirical Bayesian estimator for parameter of the one-side truncated-type distribution families and the scale exponential family under NA samples, also discuss the estimators?

在非对称的LINEX损失函数下，我们首先给出了一类单边截断型分布族、刻度指数族参数的经验Bayes估计NA样本情形），并讨论了该估计的收敛性质，在某些条件下，证明了本文给出的经验Bayes估计是渐近最优的，且给出了收敛速度。

Keywords asymptotic waveform evaluation;size dimension;Power/ground planar structure;impedance characteristics;adaptive sectional method;Laurent series expansion;broad-band asymptotic waveform evaluation;multi

渐近波形估计技术；尺寸维；电源/地平面结构；阻抗特性；自适应分段方法；洛朗级数展开；宽带渐近波形估计技术；多维渐近波形估计方法；自适应跳点技术；参数提取；电源完整性分析；参变分析

In§5.4,we discuss the hypothesis test problemwhen the location and scale parameter may all change.

5.3讨论尺度参数变点的假设检验问题，引述Wangand Bhatti(1998a)的结果，利用Csorgo and Horváth(1997)的定理，对于Wang andBhatti(1998a)提出的检验统计量〓，其中〓，我们获得了〓的大样本性质，即对于一切实数x〓11进一步地，给出变点〓的估计〓，利用Csorgo and Horváth(1997)的推论1.6.2，我们讨论了变点估计〓的渐近性质，由此，可以给出变点〓的区间估计，〓12其中〓，〓满足〓和〓，这里〓为〓的分布函数。

Also in the paper,we get the point estimator of unknown parameters by using the maximum likelihood estimator method and simulated moment estimator method based on the censored sample.

给出了其寿命分布函数步进形式，在截尾样本场合利用极大似然估计方法和拟矩估计方法求出了未知参数的点估计，最后利用计算机模拟考察了说明本文方法的可行性。

Using the characteristic found,the maximum likelihood estimators and the moment estimator s of parameters of the multivariate exponential distribution of Freund are obtained.

利用分布密度分拆的思想，导出了二元及多元Freund型指数分布的一个特征，利用该特征，获得了二元及多元Freund型指数分布参数的最大似然估计及矩估计，还给出了强度服从二元Fre-und型指数分布时并联结构系统的可靠度估计及模拟。

The objective of this paper is to analyze medical expenses records of a group in a year. The Kernel Density Estimation, a nonparametric method, is used to estimate the density function of natural logarithm of medical expenses amount. Then the estimated density function is used to estimate the means and variances of medical expenses amount spent by the inpatients per time.

本文研究了某团体一年的住院医疗费用记录，运用非参数模型中的核密度估计方法，对每次住院费用对数的分布密度进行了估计，并用它进一步估计了每次住院费用的均值和方差，取得了较好的效果。

In [1], the kernel method of nonparametric density estimation is used to estimate the score functions directly.

文献[1]利用非参数法概率密度函数估计的核函数方法，通过对源信号评价函数的直接估计，提出了一种基于概率密度函数估计的DEBBBS算法，成功地解决了非线性函数替代方法存在的不能分离杂系混合信号的问题。

First, for state estimation problem of the linear stochastic systems with uncertainties in both the state matrix and the noise matrix, a new satisfactory estimator is constructed with stochastic theory, which can guarantee that estimator error system with bounded perturbed model parameter satisfies the constraint indexes that is given. Thus a sufficient condition of solving satisfactory estimation is obtained; secondly, the algorithm of designing satisfactory estimator is presented by analysis.

首先，根据满意控制思想，针对一类在状态矩阵及噪声矩阵中均含有不确定性的随机系统，设计一种满意估计器，使预测误差系统在模型的参数发生扰动时，依然满足预先给定的设计约束指标，得到了满意估计问题求解的充分条件；然后根据分析给出了满意估计器设计的算法。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新