参数估计

For a seemingly unrelated regression system consisting of m equations, we propose a new type of estimator called pre test ridge regression estimator by combining the idea of preliminary test and ridge regression methodology and establish some statistical properties of PTRRE.

对于由 m个相依线性回归方程组成的线性回归系统，本文作者基于岭回归估计和预检验估计，提出了回归参数的一种新型估计，即预检验岭回归估计。并讨论了它的统计性质。

Model structure is determined according to the principle of minimizing residual sum of squares, model parameters are estimated by optimum instrumental variable method and prediction error method and validation of the model is performed by examining the whiteness of model residuals.

采用最小二乘法估计制动器ARX模型的参数，以损失函数最小为优化准则，判断了制动器模型的阶次。运用最优辅助变量法和预报误差法，对制动器ARMAX模型的参数进行了估计。

The results showed that the evaluation of the current fishery resources was influenced by uncertainties in estimated F0.1, F and F, and by decisions of the managers with different confidence levels. The probability of being overfished reduces with the increase of uncertainties in F0.1, F and F, and decision confidence levels. Uncertainties in growth related parameters are the main contributors to the estimated uncertainties for F0.1 and F for the crimson sea bream fishery. The uncertainty of natural morality has limited influence on the estimated uncertainties of F0.1 and F.

结果表明：二长棘鲷渔业资源状态评估受到F0.1、F、F估计中的不确定性和管理者选取的决策置信水平的影响，二长棘鲷渔业被确定为过度捕捞的概率随着F0.1、F、F估计中不确定性和置信水平的增加而下降；F0.1和F估计中的不确定性主要由生长参数的不确定性引起，自然死亡系数的不确定性对F0.1和F估计中的不确定性的影响是有一定限度的。

Distribution free statistical procedures or methods valid under nonrestrictive assumptions: basic tools; counting methods; order statistics, ranks; distribution free tests and associated interval and point estimators; sign test; signed rank tests; rank tests; Mann Whitney Wilcoxon procedures; Kolmogorov Smirnov tests; permutation methods; methods for discrete data with zeros and ties; computer techniques and programs; discussion and comparison with parametric methods.

非参数统计引论：无限制性假定时的无分布统计方法：基本工具，计数法，顺序统计量，秩，无分布检验与关联的区间估计和点估计，符号检验，符号秩检验，秩检验， Mann Whitney Wilcoxon 检验； Kolmogorov Smirnov 检验，排列检验法，含有零值和同分值的离散数据的处理方法；计算技术与编程，与参数方法的比较。

Distribution free statistical procedures or methods valid under nonrestrictive assumptions: basic tools; counting methods; order statistics, ranks; distribution free tests and associated interval and point estimators; sign test; signed rank tests; rank tests; Mann Whitney Wilcoxon procedures; Kolmogorov

非参数统计引论：无限制性假定时的无分布统计方法：基本工具，计数法，顺序统计量、秩，无分布检验与关联的区间估计和点估计，符号检验，符号秩检验，秩检验， Mann Whitney Wilcoxon 检验； Kolmogorov Smirnov 检验，排列检验法，含有零值和同分值的离散数据的处理方法；计算技术与编程，与参数方法的比较。

Ects, the covariance matrix of observation vector has special structure,and using the linear transformation for original model by idempotent matricesin the spectral decomposition of the covariance matrix, the problem of estima-tion of the covariance matrix becomes simultaneous estimation of all the distincteigenvalues of it.

在带有随机回归系数的一般线性模型中，首次提出了随机回归系数和参数的Minimax估计问题，分别在齐次线性估计类和一切估计类中研究了一个线性估计的Minimax性。

Then, the stochastic approximation method is applied to determine the optimal control parameters.

应用扰动分析法得到性能指标对控制参数的灵敏度估计，并证明了估计的无偏性，又利用随机逼近技术优化控制参数。

Results of estimation of effective parameters in heterogeneous show that: i Seff and Teff values evolve with time, as well as the principal directions of the transmissivity; ii Seff approaches the arithmetical mean of the field; iii Teff converges to its geometric mean at large time for the Gaussian random field we generated; and iv the averages of local T and S values within the cone of depression at early times differ from the Teff and Seff values.

研究结果在空间异质性孔隙介质有效参数的推估方法方面，显示利用传统抽水试验分析来估计有效参数时，从长时间的抽水试验分析所得的流通系数代表在抽水井有效半径内所有流通系数的某种平均值；此平均值与抽水井及观测井附近的地质有很大的关系，而且可能受到有效半径内地质异质性的影响，而储蓄系数的估计值变异很大与抽水井与观测井间地质的储蓄系数特性有关，特别是观测井的位置。

A necessary and sufficient condition for the unbiasedness of Balanced LS Estimation is gained, and for the given L, t can be chosen to make the MSEM of the Balanced LS Estimation less than that of OLS Estimation.

给出了平衡LS估计为无偏估计的充分必要条件，对于给定的L，适当地选择参数t可使平衡LS估计的均方误差矩阵小于OLS估计的均方误差矩阵。

The modified algorithm estimates the AR model parameters according to the reverberation noise data of the previous blodk, uses the whitener constructed by estimated parameters to filter the reverberation noise data of the current block, and executes the univariate GLRT judgement to the filtered data.

改进算法根据前一段的混响噪声数据估计AR模型参数，利用估计参数构成的白化器对当前段混响噪声数据进行滤波，并对滤波后数据进行单变量的GLRT检测。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新