参数

A new non-linear quadratic programming Bayesian prestack three-terms inversion method is developed; Firstly, this method is based on Bayesian parameter estimation theory, Gaussian distribution is used for likelihood function and modified Cauchy distribution is used for prior distribution; Secondly, covariance matrix is used to describe the degree of correlation between the parameters; rock physics relations are used to constrain the inversion results; at last, this method is transformed into non-linear quadratic programming problem, and inversion results are acquired under several constraints.

本文提出了一种基于非线性二次规划的叠前三参数反演方法。首先基于贝叶斯参数估计理论，假设似然函数服从高斯分布，并使待反演的参数服从于改进的Cauchy分布，从而提高了反演结果的分辨率；其次用协方差矩阵来描述参数间的相关程度，进一步提高了反演结果的稳定性；最后将问题转化为一个非线性二次规划的求解问题，并在多种约束下得到问题的解。

According to characteristic of model parameters, direction criterion based on model parameter identifying is proposed to decide the direction of faults.

本文提出了一种新的基于模型参数识别的快速方向元件，即将线路分别等效为R-L模型、T模型和Π模型，然后建立相应线路等效模型下区内、区外故障时的数学模型，利用最小二乘法求解模型参数—系统电阻R和系统电感L，根据得到的模型参数的特性，构造出基于模型的参数识别方向判据，从而判断出故障的方向。

With the map for example, we can obtained following conclusions: the cam turning speed has the most direct influence to the dynamics of valve rain; the cam profilers has also a very important influence, the cam profiler as the kind of compound pendulum dose not suit to high speed engine's valve train and the polydyne cam's characteristics is very different from compound pendulum cam's.

论文还首次利用多质量模型的特点对气门落座速度、气门落座冲击力及落座反跳等气门落座特性参数随凸轮轴转速和结构参数的变化规律进行了研究，考察了不同凸轮型线对上述特性参数的影响。对气门落座特性参数进行这样详细和全面的研究，是本论文的开创性工作之一，在其他的文献中尚未见相同报导。

Considering the three parameters Weibull distribution which is more congruous to fact than the two parameters Weibull distribution in dealing with the electric intension data, the method of maximum likelihood estimation and the method of the two binomial regression is applied in estimating the three parameters Weibull distribution in this paper.

鉴于三参数Weibull分布在处理电气强度数据时比二参数更符合实际，本文介绍利用二项式回归法和极大似然法对三参数Weibull分布参数进行点估计的方法。

In the paper,the theory of production frontiers and its non-parametric measurement ap～proaches are used to figure out the input compressing productivity index,Malmquist productivity index based on the input oriented non-parametric production frontiers .The technology efficiency and thedis～tance function and their nonparametric models anr introduced on the conditions of Constant Return to Scale and input strong disposability The Non-pparametric measurement approaces and the decomposition of Malmquist prisuctibity index are put forward

孙巍文采用生产前沿面理论及其非参数方法，对假定产出确定条件下投入压缩的生产率指数基于投入前沿面的Malmquist生产率指数进行了理论与测度方法研究，通过规模收益不变且要素自由，C，S，前沿面条件下的技术效率，距离函数及其非参数模型的分析，本文给出了基于非参数，C，S，投入前沿面的Malmquist生产率指数的非参数测度模型，并从技术变化和资源配置效率变化两个方面进行了分解

A knowledge-based correction term in the objective function is proposed. The relationship between state estimatin and parameter estimation is analyzed. A strategy of projecting the objective function from the augmented solution space to the parameter space is proposed and proved.

该文提出基于经验知识的参数估计目标函数修正项，导出状态估计与参数估计目标函数极值的关系，由此提出将目标函数从增广解空间垂直投影到参数空间的估计策略，并指出参数估计偏差的成因。

In the present study, Hartree-Fock and Density Functional Theory with different basis sets were employed to calculate the structural and thermodynamic parameters of 66 thiophenyl, phenyl sulfoxide and phenylsulfonyl cycloalkane carboxylates. With the statistic software SPSS11.5 for windows and GQSARF2.0, the QSAR models relating physicochemical properties of these compounds to their structural and thermodynamic parameters were successfully obtained, using multiple stepwise regression method. The physicochemical properties observed in this work include octanol/water partition coefficient, chromatographic capacity index, toxicity (EC50 and LC50), and solubility etc.

本文采用从头算方法中的Hartree-Fock 方法、密度泛函理论方法(Density functional theory，简称DFT)中的不同基组，计算了苯硫基、苯亚砜基和苯砜基含硫芳香羧酸酯三类共66 个化合物的结构参数和热力学参数，利用SPSS11.5 for windows 统计软件和GQSARF2.0 软件，采用多元逐步回归法拟合得到与溶质-溶剂相互作用有关的物理化学性质与结构参数和热力学参数之间的QSAR 方程，这些物理化学性质包括辛醇/水分配系数、色谱容量因子、毒性(EC50和LC50)、溶解度等。

This thesis contributes to geometry compression in the following aspects: Proposes a method of progressive spherical mesh parameterization based on local parameterization by directly projecting the deleted vertices to its neighborhood. Based on spherical mesh paramterization, an adaptive subdivision remeshing method by progressivly redistributing of sampling points is proposed, by this means, the main geometry information of the original mesh can be captured with only a small amount of samples, it can also be used in mesh simplification. By regarding attributes binded on mesh vertices as geometry signals and transferring them onto a uint sphere by means of spherical mesh parameterization, meshes with different attributes are compressed with spherical wavelet successfully with high compression rate. As a kind of lossy geometry compression technique, two mesh simplification algorthimes are also presented in this thesis.

归纳起来，本文的主要贡献有：提出了以直接投影局部参数化方法为基础的网格累进球面参数化方法；在网格球面参数化方法的基础之上，提出了一种基于累进优化布点方案的网格细分采样方法，该方法可以用很少的采样点就可以捕获到网格的主要特征，因此我们也将其用于后面的网格简化工作当中；通过将网格顶点上定义的各种属性看成几何信号，并以网格球面参数化为手段将几何信号迁移到单位球面上，从而成功地实现了用球面小波对各种几何信号的压缩；作为一种有损压缩方法，本文还提出了基于统一距离的网格简化算法和基于重采样的网格简化算法。

This paper studies the main geometrical parameter such as angle, height, width, stagger and the upper width in dentation and trapezoid flow path, firstly, uses the single-phase numerical simulation of the computational fluid dynamics technique to analyse the influence of different geometrical parameter on discharge coefficient and flow state exponent of drip emitter. Secondly, uses the two-phases numerical simulation of CFD (1% sand content ) to analyse the influence of the above mentioned geometrical parameter on the contribution regulation of sand and anti-clogging performance. Thirdly, uses the PIV （ particle Tracking Velocimetry ） technique which can see the small-scale flow path to observe and test the trajectories and velocities of solid particles in labyrinth flow path, and analyses the basic factors which can influence the movement characteristic of solid particles and the flow state in flow path.

本文以齿形流道、梯形流道为主要研究对象，以流道转角、流道高，流道宽、偏差量及梯形流道上底宽为主要结构参数，首先应用 CFD 单相流数值模拟技术对不同结构参数灌水器流道水力性能进行模拟，分析了不同结构参数对流态指数和流量系数的影响，其次，应用 CFD 两相流（含沙量为1%）数值模拟技术分析了结构参数对含沙量分布规律和抗堵塞性能的影响，然后，应用 PIV 可视化测试方法测试了固体颗粒在流道内运行轨迹及速度，分析了影响固体颗粒运动特性及流道内流体流态的基本因素，最后，对上述流道结构形式通过模具加工及滴灌带试制，进行了标准化测试（ GB/T 17187-1997 农业灌溉设备滴头技术规范和试验方法与 ISO 标准 ISO /TC23 /SC18 /WG5N4短周期堵塞测试程序），测试结果验证了 CFD 模拟结果，并提出了迷宫结构流道灌水器的抗堵塞设计方法。

For nonlinear harmonic oscillators, we close the flow equations and acquired an explicit expression of energy-level. For nonlinear-coupled harmonic oscillators, we close the flow equations and diagonalize the Hamiltonian by numerical analysis methods.

对非线性谐振子系统，计算出系统参数随流参数变化的一组方程及系统的能级；对耦合的非线性谐振子系统，得出系统参数随流参数变化的一组非线性方程，数值分析对角化了系统。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。