参数

Especially, by an example for analysis of the authoritical boston housing prices data, we emphasize on applying an new regression model and method -- semiparametric functional coefficient quantile regression and two-step estimation method to show the great explaination of the new

介绍了非参数回归和半参数回归的发展历程及其估计方法，还介绍了分位数回归的相关理论及其研究现况。在半参数、变系数回归和分位数回归的基础上，进一步讨论了非参数和半参数的变系数分位数回归模型和局部多项式线性估计法。

Firstly, this paper investigated roundly the basic theory of the ambient vibration method, analyzed systematically the main methods of ambient vibration identification, and discussed their advantages and disadvantages. Then we established the finite element model of structural dynamics and test model and analyzed their mutual relation, improved MUSIC method and correlation function method in the harmonic identification, and gave the subspace method and correlation function method based on continuous model, which is multi-harmonic retrieve technique. And then, this paper also puts forward least-squares method to estimate directly structural physical and modal parameters; this approach replaced the derivative operator in the continuous time model with an equivalent approximation, and estimated the physical parameters of structures by the least-squares method. And then, we discussed the approximation methods of derivative and their convergence. Finally, this paper researched the modal parameters of a frame structure by the simulation and test. The results demonstrated that subspace method, correlation function method and the least-squares method are effective and stable respectively.

全面地研究环境振动识别方法的基本理论，系统地分析环境振动识别方法的主要方法，讨论它们的优点和不足；建立结(来源：6666AB44C论文网www.abclunwen.com)构动力学的有限元模型和试验模型，分析有限元模型与试验模型之间的相互关系；改进谐波识别中的MUSIC识别方法和相关函数识别方法，给出大型结构模态识别的连续型的子空间分解识别方法和相关函数识别方法，这个方法是多元谐波识别方法；提出直接识别结构的物理参数和模态参数的最小二乘方法，这个方法利用导数的近似值代替导数值，并运用最小二乘方法识别结构的物理参数，讨论导数近似值的选择方法，分析算法的收敛性；通过仿真计算和模型实验，研究高层框架结构的模态参数识别，验证子空间分解识别方法、相关函数识别方法和最小二乘识别方法的有效性，算法的稳定性；从理论和试验两个方面分析和研究噪声对识别精度的影响，影响识别精度的因素，以及部分模态成分的模态参数不能够被识别的原因。

The main job and contribution of this paper are as follows:Based on narrowband signal processing, we propose a new method for FH signal blind detection and blind parameter estimation. Firstly, compute the cross-correlation function of FH signals from multichannels, then we get the cross power spectral density matrixCSDM Secondly, select the hops of FH signals from the CSDM via processing and analyzing the CSDM, meanwhile reduce the influence coming from noise, fixed frequency signal and other interferences; Lastly, estimating the DOA of every hop and according to the DOA, we can separate the hops, get the number of FH signals and their parameters. Propose a new method for designing the threshold in FH signal detection. This method makes it easy to get the threshold by theoretic computing and it can extremely reduce the interference of non-FH signals.Based on broadband signal processing, we propose a new method for FH signal blind detection and blind parameter estimation. Firstly, get the DOA of the signals by wideband spatial spectrum estimation; secondly, separate the signals by spatial filtering using wideband beamformer; Lastly, we propose two methods for FH signal blind detection and blind parameter estimation, one is for several constant hop-rate FH signals whose dwell-time are different and another is for a single FH signal whose hop-rate is alterable.By employing spatial interpolation in broadband signal beamforming, it can reduce the number of antenna elements and corresponding RF modules, A/D converters, etc. It can also eliminate the mutual coupling between antenna elements while getting the narrower main beamwidth and lower sidelobe level.

本文的主要研究工作和贡献如下：●提出了一种基于窄带处理的FH信号盲检测和参数盲估计的实现方法，即首先求出多路信号之间的互相关，进而得到互功率谱密度矩阵，然后通过对CSDM进行对折处理来抑制噪声、定频信号及其他干扰的影响，并将所有属于FH信号的hop(每一跳的驻留时间在时频图上持续的线段)从CSDM中筛选出来，最后用阵列信号处理中的到达方向估计理论在频域中估计出各个hop的方向参数，利用方位信息完成FH信号分离并得到FH信号的数目及其各自的参数集；●提出了一种确定FH信号检测门限的策略，该策略不仅使得检测门限能够通过理论计算得到，而且还显著地抑制了非跳频信号的干扰，从而能有效地检测出FH信号；●提出了一种基于宽带处理的短波FH信号盲检测和参数盲估计的实现方法，即首先利用宽带空间谱测向技术得到接收信号的DOA，然后采用宽带波束形成技术对特定方向进行空间滤波，实现多个信号的分离，最后分别提出了两种FH信号的盲检测和参数盲估计方法，第一种方法适用于空间某个特定方向上存在着几个驻留时间不同的恒跳速FH信号和其他干扰信号的混合信号，第二种方法适用于空间某个特定方向上仅含一个可变跳速的FH信号和噪声的混合信号；●将空间插值的概念和宽带波束形成技术结合起来，提出了一种基于频域处理的宽带恒定束宽的波束形成方法。

The research on the CCD sensor information is used to determinate the satellite attitude system without gyroscope .(1) Using quaternion and MRP as attitude representation , the attitude kinematics function are established . The satellite attitude dynamics function is established,that is disturbed by the first-order Markov force moment.(2) Using the quaternion as attitude representations, the attitude determination state estimator EKF and UKF are designed , numerical simulation is done .

基于CCD星敏感器的无陀螺测量卫星姿态确定系统的研究(1)针对地球同步轨道卫星，分别建立了以姿态四元数和修正罗德里格参数为卫星姿态描述参数的姿态运动方程；建立了卫星受一阶马尔柯夫干扰力矩时的卫星姿态动力学方程；(2)设计了采用姿态四元数为卫星姿态描述参数的EKF和UKF估计器，设计了分别以姿态四元数和修正罗德里格参数为卫星姿态描述参数的UKF估计器，并进行了数学仿真。

Operational Parameters/Critical Parameters cont'd Operational Parameters: Operational parameter values are identified for those process parameters where substantial excursion from the specified range could reasonably be expected to reach or exceed a critical value that would detrimentally affect the quality of the resulting product.

操作参数/关键参数操作参数：在偏离规定范围，达到或超过临界数值从而对结果产品造成质量损害的情况下，要找出那些工艺参数的操作参数数值。

Taking the gradient property of piezoelectric parameters g-(31),elastic compliance parameters S-(33) and density ρ along z direction into account,some parameter identification methods for a functionally gradient piezoelectric material are studied in the present analysis.

当考虑压电材料的压电参数g31，弹性参数S33和材料密度ρ沿厚度呈梯度变化时，通过测量压电材料悬臂梁在电场或横向集中力作用下梁的宏观反映，给出了确定这些参数分布的公式，包括g31、S33的单参数识别及体积力与联合参数识别的方法。

The method involves an iterative procedure, which incrementally flattens a 3D triangular mesh by region growing and obtains a parameterization with free boundary. The result is then converted to a parameterization with regular boundary by conformal mapping. Our method accounts for both the angle and area distortion during parameterization, it yields a parameterization with less global distortion and no triangular flipping.

采用区域增长算法逐层展平空间三角网格，得到空间三角网格曲面的自由边界的参数化结果，并利用保形变换将自由边界的参数化结果变换为规则边界的参数化结果；同时兼顾了参数化的角度变形和面积变形，使得参数化结果具有整体变形较小的特点，并能够避免三角形折叠的现象。

The general orthogonal polynomial is adopted for model approximation of DPS and the predictive control of DPS is translated into the lumped one. Model algorithmic control is applied to deal with the lumped parameter system and a control law is given. The predictive controller of DPS is obtained by inverse transformation. The method and steps are discussed in detail.

该方法采用广义正交多项式对分布参数系统的模型进行逼近，将离散时间分布参数系统的预测控制问题转化为集中参数系统的预测控制问题，运用模型算法控制方法对集中参数系统进行预测控制，求出控制律，经反演变换得出分布参数系统的预测控制。

In particular, Stolarsky mean are generalized from two variables to n variables. Moreover,we make ωi become weight function to diversity the kinds of mean function. For the mean family, we discuss mean family with single parameter or multi-parameter .

此外还通过改变权w_i，使之成为权函数，从而使n元平均函数的形式多样化，在n元平均族中给出了单参数和多参数平均族，并讨论了具体的单参数的幂平均族和指数平均族，多参数的Dresher平均以及由此构造的另一种形式的双参数平均族。

The nonlinearity and discrete gradient inherited in CAViaR model is a conundrum for parameter estimation. We take the asymmetric Laplace distribution with scale parameter as the error process; indicate the variance has a minimum positive value when the scale parameter is a constant, conflicting with the distribution of real financial data. Further we estimate the parameters of indirect TARCH-CAViaR model base on Bayesian framework and Markov chain Monte Carlo method. The optimal scale parameter can also be obtained by Markov chain Monte Carlo method.

CAViaR一般模型中递归分位回归方程的非线性和非连续可微性是参数估计的一个难题，基于含有尺度参数的不对称拉普拉斯分布作为误差过程，指出将尺度参数固定为常数会导致不对称拉普拉斯分布随机变量的方差存在最小正值的限制，与实际金融数据分布不符；进而提出采用贝叶斯分析和马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗模拟方法，估计间接TARCH-CAViaR模型的参数，并可获得尺度参数的合理估计。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。