参与者

Along with the precess of economic globalization and regional economic integration, industrial clusters have become an attractive phenomenon in regional development.

与此同时，随着经济全球化的不断深化与知识经济时代的到来，跨国公司海外投资越来越多，在产业群落中的参与也越来越普遍，目前已成为地区产业群落形成和发展的重要参与者和主导力量。

Players may then have an incentive to try to precommit themselves to particular actions before their competitors can do the same.

参与者可能会有在他们的竞争者能够做出同样反映之前，设法抢险采取它们行动的动机。

Workflow technology is defined as the part or complete automation of business process and is applied to solve the problem that achievement or access to achievement of a certain goal with the automation of delivering documents, information and tasks among some participators according with certain predefine rules.

工作流是业务过程的部分或全部自动化，其所要解决的问题是使在多个参与者之间按照某种预定义的规则传递文档、信息或任务的自动进行，从而实现某个目标，或促使此目标的实现。

This qualitative study was designed by adopting the field method with observer as participant approach to collect the data. Four primiparous women were invited into this study.

采田野研究收集资料，研究者以观察者即参与者的方式进行，共完成收集四位孕妇的生活以验资料。

Communication patterns are also affected by whether participants' identities are known, anonymous, or pseudonymous.

沟通参与者的身份是公开的还是匿名的抑或使用笔名的，对沟通模式也有影响。

Multitasking: About 2.5% of people can use a cellphone and drive without performing worse at either task, according to a study forthcoming in the Psychonomic Bulletin and Review. The participants, 200 college students, performed a math-and-memorization test and a driving simulation first as single tasks and then simultaneously.

一心多用：《心理计量学公告与评论》（Psychonomic Bulletin and Review）上即将发表的一项研究发现，大约有2.5%的人可以边打手机边开车，而且还能做到两不耽误。200名大学生参与者先是分别接受数学识记以及模拟驾驶的测试，然后又同时进行了两项测试。

A partner at L.A.'s Quinn Emanuel, Quinto (along with Academy general counsel John Quinn) aggressively protects the Academy's copyrights and trademarks worldwide. And on Sunday night he'll be guarding the door the Kodak Theater.

作为洛杉矶 Quinn Emanuel 的参与者， Quinto （与奥斯卡金像奖的首席律师 John Quinn 合作）积极地保护奥斯卡在全球的版权和商标权，周日晚他将守卫通向柯达戏院的大门。

But now, the network application model is becoming more and more clung to the "Super" centers, which have super competence. Resultantly, people spend mostly their time in the "Explorer" and the "Email" environment. The contradiction between resource waste on the "edge" of network and the central application.

然而目前的网络应用却正在向着依靠一些拥有超级处理能力的关键点的方向发展，人们使用网络的大部分时间都处于浏览器和Email环境中充当被动参与者，这就造成了大量的计算存储能量闲置在网络边缘和应用模式趋于单调集中之间的矛盾。

This can be achieved through close analysis of how small groups of participants co-construct shared meanings and sustain joint activities through the sequentiality and relatedness of their situated contributions and their social participation.

这个能够通过分析小群体的参与者是如何通过他们所处环境的作用和社会的参与之间的关系和结果来共同建构共同的意义和持续共同的活动而完成。

Using of the data from interview and discussion forum to do discourse analysis, and also the theories of community of practice and sociation as the searchlight, to explores how the two kinds of members, proactive and ins and outs who have different contributions takes what he needs to enable both sides to continue online learning, and how, through dialogue and negotiation to collaborate and achieve their common consensus; before the decision-making process of co-authorship in the end of the activity, the bids between the two kinds of person reflected what kinds of power issues and values?

利用访谈稿和讨论区资料做言谈分析，同时采用实践社群和社型理论为探照镜，揭露参与心和实践力落差下的两类组员，守家者和断续参与者，如何各取所需的结合，使双方愿意持续上线学习；又怎麼透过对话协商，取得合作时的共识和默契；最后一周共同作者敲定前的喊价拉锯，组员们对彼此的向心力和贡献度下注解的历程，反映了什麼样的权力议题和价值观？

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！