参与者

Based on the elliptic curve cryptosystem, a multi-key sharing scheme in which the Lagrange interpolation polynomial is used and the cheaters can be detected is presented.

文章利用拉格朗日插值的思想，提出了一种基于椭圆曲线的可防欺诈的动态多密钥共享方案；方案中每个参与者的子密钥可以不受限制的重复使用，因此在更新主密钥的时候，无需更改参与者的子密钥，从而减少了可信中心与参与者之间的通信量；方案可灵活地增删参与者，且安全性是基于椭圆曲线离散对数问题的难解性，因而其安全性比在有限域上更高；方案实现过程中解决了检验子密钥真伪的问题。

We improve the protocol for signing contract based on the research result of secure multiparty computation. In this protocol, the parties obliviously transfer the signed bit and the committed bit; the other parties can prove the validity of this bit based on the confirming sub-protocol, but he can't gain more information about the whole signature by accumulating the more signed bit or the committed bit. After the parties exchange the whole signed information, they declare the commitment about the signature respectively, and gain the whole signature of the other party. At this moment, the party doesn't care about the advance quit of the other party, because he has gained the whole signed information.

在协议执行过程中，参与者将合同的签名位以及他对签名位的承诺不经意传输给对方，对方可以利用验证子协议证明该位的有效性，但是他却不能通过位交换次数的增加获取更多的完整签名的信息；在完成签名位的交换之后，参与者分别公开承诺，并得到对方对合同的完整签名；在公开承诺时，协议参与者已经获得全部的签名内容，要么是签名位，要么是对方对该位的承诺，因此参与者并不需要担心对方提前终止协议，同时本文也利用多方安全计算的结论证明了该协议满足终止公平性。

If two parties want to sign a contract C over a communication network, they must "simultaneously" exchange their commitments to C Since simultaneous exchange is usually impossible in practice, protocols are needed to approximate simultaneity by exchange partial commitments in a piece by piece manner The party of secondly sending commitments may have a slight advantage; a "fair" protocol must keep this advantage within acceptable limits The protocol for signing a contract is improved based on the research result of secure multiparty computation In this protocol, the parties obliviously transfer the signed bit and the committed bit; the other parties can prove the validity of this bit based on the confirming sub protocol, but he can't gain more information about the whole signature by accumulating the signed bit or the committed bit After the parties exchange the whole signed information, they declare the commitment about the signature respectively, and gain the whole signature of the other party At this moment, the party doesn't care about the advance quit of the other party, because he has gained the whole signed information Finally, it is proved that this protocol is quit fairness

作者中文名：曲亚东；侯紫峰；韦卫摘要：在网络环境中解决合同签订问题需要保证信息交换的同时性，以前提出的协议都会给第2个发送者部分计算特权，利用不经意传输协议则可以解决这个问题。在协议执行过程中，参与者将合同的签名位以及他对签名位的承诺不经意传输给对方，对方可以利用验证子协议证明该位的有效性，但是他却不能通过位交换次数的增加获取更多的完整签名的信息；在完成签名位的交换之后，参与者分别宣布承诺，并得到对方对合同的完整签名；在宣布承诺时，协议参与者已经获得全部的签名内容，要么是签名位，要么是对方对该位的承诺，因此参与者并不需要担心对方提前终止协议。在文章的最后利用多方安全计算的结论证明了该协议满足终止公平性。

If two parties want to sign a contract C over a communication network, they must "simultaneously" exchange their commitments to C Since simultaneous exchange is usually impossible in practice, protocols are needed to approximate simultaneity by exchange partial commitments in a piece by piece manner The party of secondly sending commitments may have a slight advantage; a "fair" protocol must keep this advantage within acceptable limits The protocol for signing a contract is improved based on the research result of secure multiparty computation In this protocol, the parties obliviously transfer the signed bit and the committed bit; the other parties can prove the validity of this bit based on the confirming sub protocol, but he cant gain more information about the whole signature by accumulating the signed bit or the committed bit After the parties exchange the whole signed information, they declare the commitment about the signature respectively, and gain the whole signature of the other party At this moment, the party doesnt care about the advance quit of the other party, because he has gained the whole signed information Finally, it is proved that this protocol is quit fairness

在网络环境中解决合同签订问题需要保证信息交换的同时性，以前提出的协议都会给第 2个发送者部分计算特权，利用不经意传输协议则可以解决这个问题在协议执行过程中，参与者将合同的签名位以及他对签名位的承诺不经意传输给对方，对方可以利用验证子协议证明该位的有效性，但是他却不能通过位交换次数的增加获取更多的完整签名的信息；在完成签名位的交换之后，参与者分别宣布承诺，并得到对方对合同的完整签名；在宣布承诺时，协议参与者已经获得全部的签名内容，要么是签名位，要么是对方对该位的承诺，因此参与者并不需要担心对方提前终止协议在文章的最后利用多方安全计算的结论证明了该协议满足终止公平性1 引言两个参与者A和B想要通过网络协商签订合同C 为了保证公平性，参与者必须同时交换自己对合同的签名，然而在实际的网络环境中，想要完全同时地交换对合同的签名是不可能的，他们必须将签名分成若干块依次地执行，以保证大致的同时性但是这种方法依然存在着问题

QCMA was proposed as the first stage in order to indentifying a group of participants by their high similarity and obtaining the group preference over all QoS attributes. FMG-QCMA was proposed as second stage in order to thinking over the distinct background and preference over QoS attributes among all web service participants.

第一阶段的QCMA模型著重以辨识网际网路参与者对网际网路服务品质感知的相似度，进而确认这些参与者是否具高相似度，并根据已确认之高相似度参与者对网际网路服务品质因素偏好优先顺序，决定这个高相似性群体对於网际网路服务选择之决策模型。

And then, this dissertation proposed a secret sharing scheme of secure vector space based on quadratic residue.

利用特定条件下计算二次剩余的困难性，恢复秘密时验证各参与者提供的份额的有效性，也=肖清华二杜绝了恶意参与者欺诈的可能性；(2)在秘密共享一多重签名方面，本论文针对数字签名的可跟踪性，以及确认签名是否来自同一个参与者授权子集这两个问题，指出了秘密共享和多重签名各自存在的不足，在此基础上，把两者结合起来，并从门限秘密共享一多重签名、矢量空间秘密共享一多重签名两方面对秘密共享一多重签名技术进行探讨，把 Sunder一Kumar门限秘密共享一多重签名方案推广到更为广泛的矢量空间上，并独立地提出了一个双通道的安全矢量空间秘密共享一多重签名方案。

The authors therefore recommend additional studies in persons, including men, who before treatment have a history of binge eating, depression, personality disorders, substance abuse, or self-injurious behavior.

该项研究的限制包括样本数少，在第40周23%参与者退出，在第65周33%参与者退出，参与者没有客观性的暴饮暴食者，及显著的忧郁症，参与者都是女性及运动的介入；因此研究人员建议，额外的研究应包括暴饮暴食者，忧郁症、人格疾病、物质滥用及自伤行为的男性。

Various people told that, My idea is: I am willing in the young season to endure hardshipexhaust oneself, only hopes through the oneself rich fervor, thepositive initiative diligently realization own value and makes thebiggest contribution in the work: As the beginner, I have the splendid learning capability and to beglad the study, dare to innovate, unceasingly pursues remarkably; As参与者, I have the honest credible moral character, the rich teamcooperation spirit; As the leader, I have work capably, the decisivestyle, good communication and interpersonal coordinated ability.

各人自述：我的理念是：在年轻的季节我甘愿吃苦受累，只愿通过自己富有激情、积极主动的努力实现自身价值并在工作中做出最大的贡献：作为初学者，我具备出色的学习能力并且乐于学习、敢于创新，不断追求卓越；作为参与者，我具备诚实可信的品格、富有团队合作精神；作为领导者，我具备做事干练、果断的风格，良好的沟通和人际协调能力。

Maner, however, took subjects who were married or living together monogamously and asked half of them to write about feelings of love for their partner and the other half to write about a happy experience.

不过，在Maner的实验中，他的实验参与者是已婚人士或者是遵照&一夫一妻制&居住在一起的伴侣。Maner 让其中的一半参与者写他们对其伴侣的爱的感受，而让另一半参与者写一个愉快的经历。

Concretely, we assume we have inputs x1,...,xn, where player i knows xi, andwe want to compute f(x1,...,xn)=(y1,...,yn) such that player i is guaranteed to learn yi,but can get nothing more than that.Secure Multiparty Computation protocol is an important area in cryptography.

安全多方计算问题可以用数学定义如下：n个协议参与者{P1，。。。，Pn}执行某个协议π，每个协议参与者提供秘密输入xi，协议π计算函数f(x1，。。。，xn)=(y1，。。。，yn)，结果协议参与者Pi应该得到他的结果yi，除此以外，他不应该知道任何其他敏感信息，比如其他参与者的输入。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。