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We initiated a genetic screen for Drosophila olfactory genes by means of SG18.1-Gal4/UAS system: The result validates our screen as an rapid, effective approach for recovering genes controlling glomerular map patterning; From a misexpression screen of 1,515 P{GS} lines, we identified 23 genes that, when forcibly expressed in the olfactory receptor neurons, disrupted the stereotyped anatomy of the Drosophila antennal lobes; These genes, which have not been shown previously to control olfactory map development, encode novel proteins as well as proteins with known roles in axonal outgrowth and cytoskeletal remodeling.

本文首次利用SG18.1-Gal4／UAS基因筛选系统对果蝇嗅觉基因进行了筛选和鉴定：结果表明，所采用的方法可以快速、有效地分离到果蝇嗅觉相关基因；从1515株果蝇P{GS}品系分离到86株突变体，其中40株有明显表型，从中鉴定了23个基因，这些基因在ORN强迫表达时可以损坏果蝇嗅叶的固有结构；在筛选中发现的一些调节嗅觉图谱发育的基因可以编码新蛋白或编码参与轴突生长和细胞骨架重塑的蛋白；为了便于研究，根据基因的功能和所编码蛋白的特点，我们对分离到的基因进行了分类，即参与轴突引导和突触产生、调节转录、调节细胞骨架和功能未确定或未知的基因；并通过对嗅觉感觉器的检测发现，除了调节转录的基因外，其他基因对触觉器的数量和分布影响不明显。

Chloride channels have been identified in vasucular smooth muscle cells. These channels have been shown to be involved in myogenic tone regulation and neuromuscular transmission in various vascular beds. However, whether the chloride channels are responsible for the formation of excitatory junction potentials of the smooth muscle cells in the spiral modiolar artery remains elucidated.

许多研究已证实，血管平滑肌细胞膜上存在氯离子通道，进一步研究发现氯离子通道不仅参与调节平滑肌细胞的肌原性紧张，而且参与了许多种类血管床的神经平滑肌细胞之间的信息传递，但Cl-通道及氯离子通道阻断剂对耳蜗螺旋动脉细胞兴奋性接头电位(excitatory junction potential，EJP)是否有影响，目前还不清楚。

In form aspect, morphemes can form words not only by original meaning but also by transferred meaning; formation word by morphemic metonymy provides an important way for producing new words.

在形式方面，语素不仅可以以本义参与造词，也可以以转义参与造词，从而提供高效的新词产生的途径。

Though there might be other factors involved, results suggest the formation of petaloid sepals in Mussaenda still required A, E, and some B class genes, but further survey for addition factors and functional assay for identified genes are needed.

以上结果显示玉叶金花类花瓣花萼的发育过程可能有A群、E群及部分的B群基因参与调控，虽不排除有其他因子参与的可能性，但其调控机制是否能以现有的模式解释尚待更进一步的研究。

Our results suggest that several signaling pathways are involved in regulating Tbx6 expression, and pave the route to reveal the molecular mechanism of how myogenesis is initiated.

Xnot对Tbx6早期起始以及晚期维持表达都没有影响，提示其它基因参与限制Tbx6的空间特异性表达。我们的结果揭示了可能参与调控Tbx6表达的上游基因，为进一步揭示肌肉发生起始的机制提供了研究基础。

These proteins are attached to the cell membrane by an anchor composed in part of a fatty acid only 14 units long - dubbed myristate -- whereas typically, in other organisms, these types of anchors contain longer fatty acids, generally 16 or 18 units long.

通过十四酸脂脂肪酸的部分参与锚定而使这些蛋白黏附在细胞膜上，然而传统地在其他微生物中，这种参与锚定的都是16或者18碳单位的脂肪酸。

WSIS（World Summit on the Information Society, WSIS）was held by ITU and UNESCO at Geneva, Switzerland. Taiwan Delegation Group organized by NICI, created a successful model to participate in UN related organization to promote the competitive advantages of Science and Technology in Taiwan.

2003.12 行政院科技顾问组团参与由联合国教科文组织及国际电信联盟於瑞士日内瓦共同主办的「资讯社会高峰会」（World Summit on the Information Society， WSIS），成功建立我国参与联合国周边组织活动模式，展现台湾资讯科技实力行销台湾，并为国际社会提出贡献的良好典范。

Physicians in academic settings were about twice as likely to recommend vaccination as their counterparts in nonacademic settings.

参与理论研究的医师建议疫苗接种的人数要多于不参与理论研究同行的2倍。

This lawyer has firm professional foundation, good response capacity and eloquence, is good at preparation of legal instruments, especially at nonlitigious legal matters, for example participating in project negotiation, drafting, amending and checking contracts and other legal documents, acting as permanent legal consultant of enterprises or institutions, participating in reconstruction of stock system and listing of enterprise, merger of corporation and reconstruction of assets (he is a securities practice lawyer of China entitled in first batch).

该律师专业功底扎实，有良好的应辩能力和口才，法律文书制作质量高，尤其擅长非诉讼法律事务，如参与项目谈判，起草、修改及审查合同等法律文件，担任企事业单位常年法律顾问，参与企业股份制改造和上市、企业兼并与资产重组等（系中国首批证券执业律师）。

Recent data suggested that Notch receptors and their membrane-bound ligands Delta and Serrate were involved in both patterning and cell fate determination during odontogenesis.

越来越多的证据表明：Notch途径参与了牙齿发育的各个过程，包括牙齿早期发育细胞的增殖、分化过程，决定细胞的定向分化方向，决定成牙本质细胞与成釉细胞的终末分化命运，并且参与牙齿炎症损伤后修复过程，与第三期牙本质的形成有关。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。