原核生物

Lower termites ; Mutualism ; Flagellates ; Prokaryotes ; Diversity ; Function

低等白蚁；共生；鞭毛虫；原核生物；多样性；功能

The gut of lower termites harbor a complex microbial community,including eukaryotic flagellates and prokaryotic bacteria and archaea,which play important roles in the wood-cellulose digestion of these termites.

低等白蚁肠道里存在着复杂的微生物区系，包括真核微生物鞭毛虫和原核生物，细菌及古细菌。

The Prokarya contains a single kingdom, the BACTERIA, which is divided into two subkingdoms, the ARCHAEA and the EUBACTERIA.

原核生物只包括一个界——细菌界，它又可以被再分为两个亚界：古细菌和真细菌。

Recent molecular evidance suggests the prokaryotes actually comprise two distinct kingdoms, or even domains, the Archaea and the Eubacteria or Bacteia.

近来的分子生物学研究证据表明原核生物实际上包含两个不同的界或域，即古细菌和真细菌或细菌。

Component of prokaryotic RNA polymerase holoenzyme.

原核生物RNA聚合酶全酶的组成成分。

The second part of the paper introduces the Z curve methodology which is the basic tool in analyzing prokaryotic genomes and gives a brief introduction to the application of Z curve method in various areas such as gene finding in prokaryotic genomes, isochore structure in eukaryotic genomes and identification of replication origins in the genome of archaeon and bacteria.

论文的第二部分介绍了DNA序列的Z曲线方法，这是我们分析原核生物基因组的主要工具，同时简单介绍了Z曲线方法在基因识别，基因组的isochore结构以及在细菌和古细菌复制起始位点识别等领域的应用。

Only prokaryotes, such as bacteria, lack lysosomes

只有细菌这样的原核生物才没有溶酶体。

To date, only the structures of prokaryotic succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductases, which share a similar enzymatic function with mitochondrial SQR, have been reported, including QFR from E.coli, QFR from Wolinella succinogenes and SQR from E.coli.

在此之前，只有原核生物的琥珀酸泛醌氧化还原酶的结构得到了解析，这包括大肠杆菌的 QFR ， Wolinella succinogenes 细菌中的 QFR 和大肠杆菌的 SQR ，这些蛋白有着与线粒体复合物 II 相类似的酶功能。

The homeodomain is responsible for binding to DNA, and experiments to swap homeodomains between proteins suggest that the specificity of DNA recognition lies within the homeodomain, but (like the situation with phage repressors) no simple code relating protein and DNA sequences can be deduced.

同源域负责结合DNA，在蛋白质之间交换同源域的实验证实了这一结论。但（就像噬菌体阻遏子的情形一样）并没有推出联系蛋白质与DNA序列的简单机理。同源域的C端和原核生物阻遏子α-β-α超二级结构有一定的同源关系。我们回想第13章，λ阻遏子有一个&识别螺旋&（α-螺旋-3）DNA的大构接触，而另一个螺旋（α-螺旋-2）位于 DNA的拐角。

This phenomenon is quite common in prokaryote, bacteriophages and viruses as an economical and effective way to present the genome information.

双重编码现象在原核生物、噬菌体和病毒中作为一种可有效利用基因组的方式而普遍存在。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。