原果胶酶

The results showed:among the 7 isolates, five isolates of HY3、GY1－3、ZJ1－1、HP1、FC3 had same colony shape, irregular shape, liquidlike, slimy, opacity with smooth surface;the other two isolates had same shape, irregular shape, dry, opacity with coarse surface. By inoculating eucalyptus with the 7 isolates, the plants were infected apparently, and the young plants of eucalyptus in control experiment with tap water were not infected. By cultivating eucalyptus cuttings with the bacterial suspensions without EPS, the incidence of disease was very distinct,but compared with the former bacteria suspension,the incidence of disease has decreased at different degrees. By screening out two isolates of strong pathogenicity and two isolates of weak pathogenicity from the 7 isolates,making the bacterial suspensions with them to inoculate the young plants of eucalyptus, two treatments of cutlings and ramets with rats were set with 5 repetitions in every treatment, the results of data analysis showed: for the cutlings, the bacterial contents in upper and middle parts、upper and lower had significant difference;for ramets with roots, the bacterial contents in upper, middle parts, lower had significant difference between each other; For both the cutlings and ramets with roof, the bacterial contents in xylem and phloem had significant difference. The interaction between vertical and horizontal parts for the bacterial content had significant difference. For the two isolates of HY3 and 93B which were screened out at last,their activities of the cellulase were: 1.955ug/ and 1.288ug/ respectively, and had significant difference; the activities of pectase were: 1.325 ug/and 1.24ug/ respectively, and had no significant difference. The content of EPS extracted from the two isolates of HY3 and 93B was very different: 7.08x10-8ug/cell and 5.17x10-8ug/cell.

结果显示：7个菌株中，其中5个菌株HY3、GY1－3、ZJ1－1、HP1、FC3的菌落形态相同：不规则形状、流体、粘性、不透明、表面光滑；另外2个菌株93B、GN1菌落形态相同：不规则形状、干燥、不透明、表面粗糙；用7个菌株接种剪根桉树苗，发病情况非常明显，而自来水对照实验中桉树苗却不发病；无EPS菌悬液培养桉树剪根苗，发病率也很明显，但是相比原菌液，则发病率有不同程度的下降；从7个菌株中间筛选出来2个强致病性菌株和2个弱致病性菌株，用它们配制菌悬液培养桉树苗，设置剪根和不剪根两个处理，每个处理设置五个重复，数据分析结果显示：对于剪根苗，上部和中部、上部和下部的含菌量有显著的差异，中部和下部含菌量差异不显著；带根苗，上部、中部、下部含菌量彼此之间差异显著；不管是剪根苗还是带根苗，木质部和韧皮部含菌量之间的差异都非常显著；上中下与木韧交互作用中，含菌量差异非常显著；最后筛选出来的强弱2个菌株HY3和93B，它们的纤维素酶活性分别为：1.955ug/和1.288ug/，具有显著的差别；果胶酶的活性分别为：1.325 ug/和1.24ug/，没有显著的差别，而且HY3和93B两个菌株细胞分泌的胞外多糖的含量差异很显著，分别为：7.08×10-8ug/cell和5.17×10-8ug/cell。

The colour of most detected bands became light in the five media with the order of mannosan, mannose, xylan, glucose and pectin.(4)The pectinase in the supernatant was purified by centrifuge , acetone precipitation and sephadex G-75 cloumngel filtration. The specific activity was increased 9.8-fold with an activity recovery of 32.98%.The molecular weight of pectinase was 42.2KD estimated by SDS-PAGE.

确立了以葡萄糖培养基6h的发酵液为提取果胶酶的最初取样点，发酵液经离心，丙酮沉淀，Sephadex G-75葡聚糖凝胶柱层析后获得了凝胶电泳均一的样品，比活力较原酶液提高了9.8倍，回收率达到了32.98%，用SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳测的纯化后的果胶酶分子量为42.2KD。

The results showed that film packaging obviously decreased the weight loss and rotted rate, and to some extent decreased the respiration rate and slowed down the reduction of anthocyanin content, inhibited polygalacturonase and pectinesterase activities. But the decrease of total soluble solids, vitamin C and protopectin contents were slightly affected by packaging film.

结果表明，薄膜包装对降低果实失重率和腐烂率具有较好的效果；对降低呼吸强度、抑制多聚半乳糖醛酸酶和果胶酯酶的活性以及花色苷含量的下降有一定效果；对减缓贮藏期间可溶性固形物、维生素C和原果胶含量的下降无明显影响。

In order to understand the changes in physiology and the storability of blueberry fruits introduced to southern part of China, and to provide scientific basis for suitable packaging materials, changes of total soluble solid content, vitamin C content, acetaldehyde content, ethanol content, protopectin content and anthocyanin content, respiration rate, polygalacturonase and pectinesterase activities, weight loss and rotted rate of blueberry fruit warn investigated. Different packaging films were used, and the storage temperature was under 2℃.

为了解引种到我国南方栽培的蓝浆果鲜果低温贮藏期间的生理变化状况，并为保鲜贮藏选择适宜的包装材料提供科学依据，研究了在2℃条件下，不同薄膜包装处理对蓝浆果果实贮藏期间可溶性固形物、维生素C、乙醛、乙醇、原果胶和花色苷的含量，以及呼吸强度、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶和果胶甲酯酶活性、失重率、腐烂率变化的影响。

The activity of polygalacturonase,PME,cellulase and the soluble pectin content of MA stor-age were significantly lower than those of control; while the flesh firmness,cellulose content ,protopectin content were sig-nificantly higher than those of control. Results showed that MA storage retarded the softening process of mulberry fruit.

研究了在(2±1)℃下，MA贮藏对桑果细胞壁组分和水解酶活性的影响，结果表明：MA贮藏可抑制桑果呼吸强度和乙烯释放量，MA贮藏桑果的纤维素酶、果胶甲酯酶和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶等细胞壁水解酶活性和水溶性果胶含量显著低于对照，而果实的纤维素和原果胶含量显著高于对照，从而延缓桑果的软化。

The activity of Carboxymethylcellulase rose and peaked on September 8, and then decreased; the activity of Pectinmethylesterase decreased before September 18 ( early and middle stage of maturity), and then rose to the peak value on September 28, and then decreased dramatically; the activity of Polygalacturonasewas lower before September 18, while its change was same as activity of PE after September 18; cellulose and protopectin of granulated juicy sac were higher than those of non –granulated juicy sac respectively, but activity of Cx, activity of PE and activity of PG of granulated juicy sac were lower than of non-granulated juicy sac respectively.

纤维素酶活性在成熟期间随果实成熟上升，到9月8日出现活性高峰后下降；果胶甲酯酶活性在成熟阶段前中期(9月18日)PE活性呈下降趋势，在9月28日出现PE活性高峰后快速下降，汁胞PG前中期活性较低，9月18日后的变化趋势和PE活性的变化一致。粒化汁胞的纤维素，原果胶含量均高于未粒化汁胞；它的CX活性、PE活性，PG活性低于未粒化汁胞。

Some microorganisms can produce protopectinase under certain conditions. This enzyme will be of potential use in industry, especially in pectin production.

在一定的条件下，一些微生物生长可以产生原果胶酶，它是一种具有广泛应用前景的工业酶类。

A strain XZ3, of high protopectinase activity, was screened out from 24 samples originated differently.

从24种不同来源的样品中筛选得到一株编号为XZ3的原果胶酶高产菌株，其酶活达126.4U/ml。

Extration of Pectin by protopectinase could be used to reduce the shortcomings in current industry processing of pectin production as well as to stabilize the pectin with high quality.

利用微生物原果胶酶酶法提取果胶，可克服工业酸法生产的诸多不足并得到质量稳定的果胶产品。

Ion implantation ; Protopectinase ; Mutation ; Screening ; Breeding ; Fermentation process

离子注入；原果胶酶；诱变；筛选；育种；发酵

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。