原子模型

Combining the idea of quantization and the semi-classical hydrogen model of Bohr, the structure of atom is described. Solving the Schrodinger equation, the deduced wave function is related to the probability of finding the electron in space, a particle in the potential well and in a box. The concept of atom is expanded to the molecular and the energy band theory of solid state physics.

经由波尔之半古典的氢原子模型，结合量子化的概念以解释原子结构，并引入薛丁格方程式所求得之波函数与电子之空间机率的关系描述粒子波动特性，进而探讨位能井与氢原子光谱模型。

Single crystal planes can provide surface models of well-defined atomic arrangement.

金属单晶面具有明确的表面原子排列结构，在模型催化研究中，提供了各种表面结构模型，使深入研究表面结构与性能的内在联系和规律成为可能。

On the knowledge of vibration of polyatomic molecules, it has gonethrough the change of two stages: from normal mode model to local modemodel. In present, there mainly are two methods to deal with this problem:the traditional approach, namely ab initio, based on solving Schr〓dinger equa-tions of molecular vibration, and the algrbraic approach based on group theory.

在对多原子分子振动问题的认识方面，人们经历了从简正模模型到局域模模型转变的过程，而在处理方法上目前主要有两种：基于求解薛定谔方程的从头计算法和基于群论方法的代数方法。

By analyzing the double electron model, the gap revision factors of attract force and repulsive force with body center cube and face center, cube are obtained.

介绍了晶体结构和空间点阵，发现Hamaker假设模型中存在原子空隙，导致Hamaker假设1和Hamaker假设2存在矛盾，并由此介绍了w-S模型。

Applying the thermodynamic model, the temperature and the critical grain size of phase transformation can be predicted precisely for the nanocrystalline materials.

在应用界面膨胀模型和普适状态研究纳米晶界面热力学特性的基础上，发展了纳米晶整体材料热力学函数的计算模型，给出了以纳米晶界面上的原子分数作为权重的纳米晶体单相材料的焓、熵、自由能随界面过剩体积、温度以及晶粒尺寸发生变化的明确表达式。

Then, gasification experiments of high ash melting point coal with dry pulverized coal feeding were carried out on the gasification test system, the flame images were observed to validate the feasibility of flameless gasification inside the gasifier, temperature distributing inner the gasifier and syngas components were measured under different / atom ratio and steam/coal ratio conditions.

进而，建立煤粉气化炉的物理和数学模型，运用概率密度函数方法对高灰熔点煤在基于无焰氧化的煤粉气化炉内的气化过程进行了模拟计算，参照小试的试验工况，验证了气化炉模型；分析了不同氧碳原子比、蒸汽煤比和气化压力对高灰熔点煤气化特性的影响，并可视化地研究在典型工况下高灰熔点煤在该气化炉中气化过程，为进一步炉型结构和气化工艺的优化设计提供依据。

A new model is presented for the physically-consistent description of plastic instabilities referred to PLC effect. The model takes account of two competing processes during the DSA on micro-scale: the additional pinning of diffusing solute atom on mobile dislocations and the unpinning of the mobile dislocation with the aid of thermal activation.

建立了一个基于动态应变时效过程中热激活机制和二阶应变梯度空间耦合方式的宏观唯象模型，该模型刻画了材料内部在微细观尺度上彼此协同和相互竞争的两个过程：溶质原子对可动位错的时效钉扎和可动位错在热激活辅助下的挣脱。

Usually the model is given by the foregone atomic structure or crystallattice, however it can not make sure that every atom in the model is in equilibrium state.

纳米尺度下材料模型的建立一般是根据已知材料的原子排列或晶格结构直接给定，这并不能保证模型中所有粒子处于平衡状态。

The molecular model is to establish a general solution with versatility by differentiating the radiuses of the spherical atoms in the valence state rather than an element unit, and applying different radial lengths even within the same element, and applying the bonding rod differentiated by the bonding state between the atoms.

该分子模型用于通过下面的和建立一种具有通用性的普遍解决方案：根据价态而不是元素单位区分原子的球半径，并且即使在相同的元素中也采用不同的半径长度，和使用根据原子间的键合状态区分的键棒。

The hyperfine effects emerging in all spectra of atomic Rydberg states are due to the nuclear effects including hyperfine structure and isotope shifts. The autoionizing Rydberg states converging to 6p〓 and 4f〓 5d6s 〓 [3/2] 〓 limits were investigated by three photon excitation. In the study of the spectra for those converging to 6p〓 limit, the ICE (Isolated-core excitation) model has been proved to be suitable for describing the excitation of the autoionizing Rydberg states with a lowly excited core.

论文对实验中得到的收敛于6p〓及4f〓5d6s〓[3/2]〓的Yb原子自电离Rydberg态及其激发光谱进行了分析，特别是通过对收敛于6p〓的Yb原子自电离Rydberg态光谱的研究，论证了孤立实激发模型在低核实激发的自电离Rydberg态研究中的适用性。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。