原子

Significant progress has been made by Dalibard,Dupont-Roc and Cohen-Tannoudji in 1982,who argued that there exists a symmetric operator ordering between the operators of atom and field that renders the distinct contributions of vacuum fluctuations and radiation reaction to the atom\'s spontaneous emission and energy shift separately Hermitian.

这种不确定性的根源来自于相互作用哈密顿量中原子和场算符的排序问题。1982年，法国物理学家Dalibard，Dupont-Roc和Cohen-Tannoudji提出原子和场算符对称排序的方法，从而消除了这种不确定性，使得真空涨落和辐射反作用对原子自发辐射和能级移动的贡献都是厄米的。

The author would further argue for the theses listed below:(1) Wittgenstein's"phenomenological period"could be regarded as the beginning of his lasting interest in"the philosophy of psychology"into the end of his life, whereas the interest of this kind didn't appear obviously in Tractatus;(2) By interpreting the"atomic propositions"as the simplest description of the data instead of avoiding illustrating what it is as Tractatus did, Wittgenstein's "phenomenological period"does show us an amazing affinity between his own standpoint at that time and that of the Russellian logical atomism, which is surely under the influence of the empiricist tradition;(3) Wittgenstein's critique of his phenomenology, however, revives the celebrated Tractarian dichotomy between"unspeakablity"and"speakablity"in a new context by denying any attempt to employ any linguistic tool to designate or describe the absoluteness of the data which could be only"shown".

本文所试图论证的要点可以被概括为：(1)维氏的"现象学阶段"可以被视为他关于"心理学的哲学"的长期学术兴趣的发端点——这一兴趣一直延续到他生命的终点，却并未体现于其早年作品《逻辑哲学论》之中；(2)通过将"原子命题"解释为对于感觉予料的最简单的描述（而不是像《逻辑哲学论》那样回避对于"原子命题"之所是的正面解说），维氏的"现象学阶段"乃是向我们展现了他该时期的哲学立场与罗素的经验论版本的"逻辑原子主义"之间的令人惊讶的亲缘关系；(3)通过否认任何试图用语言手段来标示或描述予料的企图，并通过对于予料自身的绝对性的展示，维氏对于他自己的"现象学"观念的批判实际上乃是复活了他在《逻辑哲学论》时代就已作出的对于"不可说性"与"可说性"的二分法。

An uncharged object contains a large number of atoms, each of which normally contains an equal number of electrons and protons,but with some electrons temporarily free from atoms.

不带电的物体含有大量原子，每个原子通常含有等量的电子和质子，但是有一些电子暂时脱离了原子的束缚。with+名词+形容词的复合结构，对句子起补充说明作用。

Symbol R An atom or a group of atoms with at least one unpaired electron.

符号 R 原子因，基团：至少有一个游离电子的原子或一组原子

Atomic XAFS is produced by the photoelectron scattering by the outer valance electrons of the absotrption atoms, which can be used for studying the outer electron structure of the absorption atoms and the relationship between election structure and the local structure.

原子的XAFS ，这是由吸收原子的外层价电子的散射造成的，主要用来研究原子外层的电子结构及近邻环境的关系。

In such structure, each In atom is bonded with two Si substrate atoms and one neighboring In atom, thus all three valency of In are saturated.

在这种再构结构中，每个 In 原子与两个衬底 Si 原子及一个相邻的 In 原子形成共价键。

From the UV spectra, it can be found that the aromaticity of acenaphthenyl groups in C_2 gum is the largest. But there are 30 carbon atoms in the conjugated structure of condensed aromatics in C_1 gum and C_3 gum, while 28 carbon atoms in acenaphthenyl groups in C_2 gum.

但是，在C_1胶、C_2胶和C_3胶三者中，C_1胶侧链上的四苯基苯基和C_3胶侧链上的菲式多苯基苯基都含有30个碳原子，而C_2胶侧链上的苊式多苯基苯基含有28个碳原子，比前面二者小2个碳原子，理应其芳香性在三者之中最小，但事实却恰恰相反。

It is found that adatom yields, vacancy yields and sputtering yields will all increase along with the energy of incident atoms getting higher. Meanwhile, the quantities as well as distribution of adatom and vacancy play an important role in film growth.

表面吸附原子、空位缺陷以及溅射产额均随入射原子能量的增加而增加；表面吸附原子与空位缺陷的数量与分布，对于薄膜生长模式起着重要作用。

Simultaneity, the adsorption energies of single Si adatom on the H-terminated Si (100) surfaces are specially mapped out in this paper, from which the favorite binding sites and possible diffusion pathways have been achieved. The variety of the diffusion anisotropy with the coverage transforming is obtained. The energy barriers of the adatom diffusion are found to be higher than that on the clean surface, because the H atoms saturate the dangling bonds of the surface Si atoms.

同时，本文研究了附加硅原子在理想H-terminated Si(100)表面的沉积扩散行为，计算得到了一系列沉积点和可能的扩散路径；讨论分析了扩散行为的各向异性以及氢覆盖率对各向异性影响的规律，并且发现附加硅原子在H-terminated Si(100)表面上的扩散势垒比在清洁Si(100)表面上的高，我们认为这主要是因为氢原子饱和了表面上硅原子的悬挂键，提高了扩散势垒。

The present invention relates to sulphonyloxazolamines of general formula, wherein R, R represent independently from each other H, A,-(CH2)n-Ar or alkenyl with 2-6 C atoms, R and R together also represent a mononuclear saturated heterocycle with 1-2 N, O and/or S atoms, Z is H, A, CF3, NO2, Hal, OH, OA, NH2, NHA or NA2, A represents alkyl with 1-6 C atoms, Ar is Z-monosubstituted or Z-disubstituted phenyl, halogen is F, Cl, Br or I, n is 1 or 2 or the physiologically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

本发明涉及式磺酰基∴唑胺或其生理上可接受的盐或溶剂化物，其中R 1 ，R 2 每一个相互独立为H、A、－(CH 2 )n－Ar或具有2到6个C原子的链烯基，R 1 和R 2 也一起为具有1到2个N、O和/或S原子的单核饱和杂环，Z为H、A、CF 3 、NO 2 、卤素、OH、OA、NH 2 。NHA或NA 2 ，A为具有1到6个C原子的烷基，Ar为被Z取代的或Z二－取代的苯基，卤素为F、Cl、Br或I，n为1或2。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。