原子

Application of HHGL to lithium atom As a starting point for exactly solving schrodingerequation for lithium,the part has twofold purpose,one isto derive the coupled hyperradial differential equation,and discuss whether HHGL can be used or not,the other isto build the symmetric basis functionfor twodimensional irreducible representation of 〓 permutationgroup and estimate the ground-state eigenenergy.

首先根据Pauli原理的要求，将N电子原子的波函数向〓群不可约表示之基展开，积分掉角度部分，推导出N电子原子的超球径耦合微分方程，其形式与氦原子耦合微分方程相似，差别表现在矩阵元〓的计算上。

Within the WBEPM theory,the transition probabilities and oscillator strengths of some heavier and light atoms and ions are investigated.We also used the conceptions of spectrum-level-like series and iso-spectrum-level series to study the energy levels of some atoms.Based on the previous work,we used double generalized Laguerre polynomial to calculate the value for the ground-state energy of He atom.

本论文在郑能武教授提出的最弱受约束电子势模型理论基础之上，对若干较重和轻原子离子的跃迁几率和振子强度作了研究；引入类光谱态能级序列的概念和等光谱态能级序列的概念研究了一些原子离子的能级性质；并在前人工作的基础上用双广义拉盖尔函数对氦原子的基态能量做了计算。

6Although common prejudice still believes that the sole essential basis of our knowledge is given exclusively from outside and that "nihil est in intellectu quod non antea fuerit in sensu, it nevertheless remains true that the thoroughly respectable atomic theory of Leucippus and Democritus was not based 0 any observations of atomic fission but on a "mythological" conception of smallest particles, which, as the smallest animate parts, the soul-atoms, are known even to the still palaeolithi inhabitants of central Australia.9 How much "soul is projected into the unknown in the world of external appearance is, of course, familiar to anyone acquainted with the natural science and natural philosophy of the ancients.

虽然普通的偏见依然相信我们知识的唯一的本质的基础是来自外部世界，and that "nihil est in intellectu quod non antea fuerit in sensu，路斯帕和德谟克利特令人敬佩的原子理论并不基于任何对原子裂变的观察，而是基于"神话的"最小粒子的概念，这是作为最小的有生气的部分，灵魂的原子，这些也为中澳大利亚旧石器时代的居民所知。有多少"灵魂投射进世界外观的未知中，当然，也和任何人所熟知的古代人的自然科学、自然哲学相似。

Quantitative analysis on the EXAFS spectra showed that Zn was adsorbed onto the solid surface in form of octahedral hydrated Zn ions, which were linked to the octahedral Mn06 of manganite by sharing oxygen atoms, with an average bond length R(subscript Zn-O)=(2.01±0.01)×10^(-10) m.

EXAFS结果表明，Zn主要是通过共用水合Zn离子的O原子及水锰矿表面上的O原子形成Zn-0键，从而结合到水锰矿固体表面上，其平均Zn-O原子间距为(2.01±0.01)×10^(-10)m。

In addition,for both the cases of a uniformly accelerated two-level atom interacting with a quantized real massless scalar field and a uniformly accelerated multilevel atom interacting with a quantized electromagnetic field,we calculate the rate of change of the mean atomic energy from the point of view of a coaccelerated frame.

另外，对于匀加速的两能级原子与无质量的量子实标量场相互作用以及多能级原子与量子电磁场相互作用的情况，我们还在一个共同加速的框架下计算了原子的平均能量变化率。

Finally, we conclude that the spectra have essentially different characterizations for N-atom mazer with N being odd and even integers.

通过对入射原子团包含奇数和偶数个原子的腔场光谱的比较，我们得出了以下结论：对于多原子微激射器，含奇数与偶数原子的入射原子团激发的腔场的光谱的特征存在显著差异。

We also calculate the spectra of the cavity field numerically via the eigenvalues and the eigenvectors of the mazer master equation for the case with the number of atoms from one to four.

通过求解主方程系数矩阵的本征值与本征矢，我们计算了入射原子团中包含一到四个原子时腔场的光谱与平均光子数，其中着重对单原子与二原子的数值结果作了讨论。

The interatomic potentials are very important in the computer simulation of condensed matters, especially for their properties and evolution processes based on molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo method. The choice of interatomic potentials affects the results greatly, which depends on the types of interaction, e.g.

原子间相互作用势是凝聚态物质在原子尺度上进行计算机模拟的基础，特别是用分子动力学和Monte Carlo方法对凝聚态物质的性质和过程进行模拟时，合适的原子间相互作用势是得到有意义的结果的前提和条件。

Meanwhile, the isomer with a larger change of dipole moment has larger value of the first hyperpolarizability during the charge-transfer process.

5， 6， 7顶点双取代碳硼烷桥连分子受推拉电子基的影响，5， 6， 7顶点碳硼烷的构型发生一定变化，碳硼烷中两个C原子间的距离变长；同时碳硼烷中两个C原子取代位置的不同，影响了分子的稳定性和极化率，取代基团与碳硼烷中成键数较低的C原子相连的异构体，稳定性较好且具有大的极化率； 5，6，7顶点双取代碳硼烷桥连分子形成一维结构有利于分子内电荷转移，在电荷转移过程中偶极矩变化较大的体系，其二阶NLO系数也较大。

The shorter monatomic chain has a larger mean value of thermal expansions for al l interatomic spacings and a smaller thermal expansion coefficient.

原子链的长度越短，则所有原子间距热膨胀的平均值越大，而原子链的热膨胀系数越小。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。