原始方案

After the contract is varied,it will not be favorable to cost reduction and results improvement in case of poor management.

任何项目在实施过程中都会有新的问题衍生，都需要对原始方案进行或多或少的变更。

At the same time, combining with the actual condition of delivery pipeline of our country and some prevalent leak detection and location methods, this paper raised a method, which is based on wavelet analysis and negative- pressure-wave to detect and locate the leakage. Jobs in the paper are as follows:As affected by gas density, pressure, specific heat and pipe material, the velocity of negative-pressure-wave improved depending on the energy conservation. At one time, taking the affection of velocity of gas flow, the location formula was modified in some degree.When locating the leaks with location formula, the iterative approach algorithm was adopted as a new method to increase the location accuracy level of system.Multi-scale decomposition and reconstruction of wavelet transform is utilized to filter the noise of negative-pressure-wave, which was brought by leakage. With the capacity to detect the signal singularity fast and accurately, wavelet transform was used to catch the break point of pressure signal. The work improved the accuracy of At in location formula, accordingly improved the location accuracy.Wavelet is a suitable tool for signal analysis. The distinct character is that the mother-wavelet is of optional. That means choosing different mother-wavelet will get different analysis result. So we studied how to choose mother-wavelet and its scale for signal singularity detection. The method is to choose a wavelet by regularities of the wavelet and the signal.Finally, a plan, which bases on SCADA system for inspection and detection of natural gas leakage, is proposed in the article.

其中，主要进行了以下几方面的工作：针对泄漏产生的负压波在管道中的传播速度受媒介的密度、压力、比热及材质等因素的影响，而非声波在空气中传播的速度，本文利用能量守恒原理，对其进行了修正；考虑到管内气体流速对压力波速的影响，对原始的负压波定位公式进行了一定程度的改进，并在利用定位公式进行泄漏点定位时采用逐步迭代逼近算法，提高了系统的定位精度；利用小波变换的多分辨率分解和重构技术，对采集到的管道发生泄漏时产生的负压波信号进行了降噪处理；并利用小波变换技术对信号奇异点的快速、准确的识别能力，对经上述消噪后的负压波信号进行了奇异点捕捉，精确捕捉的结果提高了定位公式中上下游站点采集到的负压波奇异点的时间差△t的精度，从而进一步提高了定位的精度；考虑到小波变换是一种基波可变的信号分析工具，也就是说，不同的小波基波对信号分析的结果将有很大差别，这势必影响最终的处理结果，因此，我们又对比分析了本课题中小波基及尺度的选择问题，依据规则性系数相似性原理对母小波的选择进行了探索性研究；最后，还提出了基于SCADA的泄漏检测与定位系统的软件开发构想及系统的嵌入方案。

Methods①The minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum fungicidal concentration of citral against C.

方法①参照NCCLS M27A方案中的微量液基稀释法测定柠檬醛和氟康唑对原始白念珠菌的最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度；②采用多步诱导法，观察在含梯度浓度(1～50MIC)柠檬醛培养基上连续转种的白念珠菌MIC的变化情况，以氟康唑作为阳性对照，同时设空白对照和溶媒对照；③将敏感性下降的诱导株在无药培养基上连续转种10次后，检测其MIC值；④测定柠檬醛对氟康唑敏感性下降诱导株的MIC值。

Based on the results of the bench test and the CFD simulation, a series of directed designs for the exhaust system were proposed.

结合台架试验和CFD的分析结果，对原始方案进行了针对性的结构优化。

In this work, however, we follow an energy perfect conserving semi-implicit scheme of a European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts type sigma-coordinate primitive equation which has recently successfully formulated.

本研究在成功地构造实现其全能量完全守恒的半隐式方案基础上，进行了此守恒方案与欧洲中期天气预报中心的σ--坐标原始方程全球谱模式半隐式方案间的实际资料对比实验。

The first solution is how to set up the CRM system in enterp

第一个阶段的解决方案是如何从无到有来建立企业的CRM系统，第二个阶段的解决方案是对已有CRM系统并积累了大量客户交易原始数据的企业如何进行数据仓库的建设和数据挖掘，并在企业运作中应用数据挖掘的结果来提高企业的运作效率。

The paper introduces the characteristics and performance of HGIS devices and their application in Bao'an Converter Station of GuiGuang II DC Project,and analyzes the abnormal condition that a 500 kV HGIS disconnector did not work correctly due to the difference between its framework and blueprint.Based on the analysis of the original blueprint,three design alternation schemes are presented and compared to compensate the mismatch,and the realization of a scheme in this station is discussed.In addition,some suggestions about design,commissioning and operation of an HGIS are proposed.

笔者首先简要介绍了HGIS设备的特点、性能以及国产500 kV HGIS开关设备在贵广II回直流工程宝安换流站的应用情况，接着分析了因隔离开关机构箱与设计图存在一些差别导致现场调试过程中出现隔离开关不能正常操作的情况，在分析原始设计图的设计原则的基础上，给出了3种设计变更方案及其优劣性对比，介绍了该站所选方案的具体实现情况，最后给出了在今后的HGIS设计、调试和运行过程中须注意的几点建议。

Then two steganographic schemes with the ability of information authentication are designed by combining with Hash function and digital signature algorithm. Finally, the authentication security of the two schemes under active attacking istheoretical ratiocinated.(5) A public key steganographic system using gray image as the cover-object is developed.

设计了一种以灰度图像为隐秘载体的公钥隐秘通信方案，在嵌入相当大的数据量时，信息隐藏过程仍然较好地保持了原始图像的质量和统计特性，从理论和实验两方面对方案的安全性进行了分析。

The modular design of printNet system is divided into several application part, such as data processing tools, design tools, products, Business card printing tools, and solutions to technical tools, of which the highest is a design tool over the actions that it printLayout from page formatting and setting variables, but also can be used by an operator in a transform tool programming, so that the contents of the variables in a database in output for operations, now produetion of mostly to one-dimensional bar codes and encrypted bit or anti-false, the party is a method in the bar code by addition, subtraction, multiplication, Division, opinins Mo, and so after the results or the results of data, or the result is converted to the data that corresponds to a location in one of the ntehs detection accuracy is valid, just make a bit of the inverse operation, the operation that results in comparison with the original data, such as the same as the data is valid, such as different then the data is not valid, this scenario is the most simple and most primitive anti-counterfeit. PrintNet software to complex product environment " interpuntion and output the integration of integrated management " solution possible.

printNet系统的模块式设计分为几个应用部分，如数据处理工具、设计工具、产品制卡工具以及方案解决工具，其中技术含量最高的是对设计工具printLayout的操作，它除了设计页面格式和设置变量外，还可由操作员在转换工具中编程，以便对数据库中的变量内容在输出时进行运算操作，现在生产中应用的大多是给一维条码加校验位或是防伪加密，其方一法是将条码中的数据经过加、减、乘、除、取莫等运算后，将结果或将结果中的几位至于数据后，或将结果转换成对应符号放在数据中的某个位置，如须检测某一数据是否准确有效，只要把校验位上的数进行逆运算，把运算结果与原数据比较，如相同则数据有效，如不同则数据无效，这种方案是最简单最原始的防伪加密的方法。printNet软件系统使得在复杂产品环境下的&排版与输出一体管理&的集成解决方案成为可能。

In this new scheme, the original signer could delegate his or her signing rights to proxy signer. Guaranteed the unconditionally security of this scheme by quantum key distribution and one time pad.

在本方案中，原始签名人可以将自己的签名权委托给代理签名人，而量子密钥分配和一次一密保证了新方案的无条件安全性。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。