原因的说明

The works in the project just done can be summarized as five respects.(1) A device was designed to fabricate the asymmetrical resonant cavities by a pendant drop. A series ARCs with variable parameters provides a valuable experimental method for investigating the characteristics of ARCs.(2) The relationship between the number of active modes and the shape parameters in an ARC was investigated. The experimental lasing threshold was compared with theoretical result, the good agreement between two shown that it was the decrease of the number of active modes in an ARC that decreased lasing threshold.(3) Dye lasing gain was used to enhance the signals of stimulated Raman scattering of the weak gain Raman modes in a circular cavity made by a pendant drop, the instantaneous SRS spectra of weak gain Raman modes in ethanol was obtained by this new method.(4) The SRS signals of minority compound in a binary chemical complex was obtained by using dye lasing gain method. The detection concentration of minority compound was reduced to an order compared with normal SRS method.(5) A cylindrical circular cavity was formed by a liquid jet, which was used to reduce the pump intensity required for laser induced plasma spectroscopy. The limit of detection of trace element in aqueous sample was greatly decreased by this new method.

我们设计并成功制作了使悬垂液滴连续变形的装置，用此装置可以方便地改变非圆对称谐振腔的几何参数，为ARCs的研究提供了一种有效的实验方法；研究了ARCs中活性模式数和变形参数间的变化规律，激光阈值的数值计算结果和激光辐射的实验结果作了比较，二者吻合的曲线说明ARCs中活性模式数量的减少是受激辐射放大阈值降低的原因；在由单元化合物构成的微型圆对称谐振腔中，首次尝试用"激光增益"增强弱增益拉曼模式的受激拉曼散射信号，获得了乙醇分子中弱增益拉曼模式的瞬态SRS光谱；在由二元混合物构成的微型圆对称谐振腔中，用染料的激光增益增强了少量化合物的SRS信号，把少量化合物的SRS信号探测浓度降低了近一个数量级，在SRS应用于瞬态过程的组份分析方面做了卓有成效的探索；用石英毛细管形成的稳定液拄构成拄形谐振腔，降低了激光诱导等离子体光谱需要的激励能量，有效地降低了水相样品的痕量元素分析极限，为LIPS应用于微量元素的化学分析开拓了一条新的技术路线。

There are many problems in the relationship bewteen town government and village committee after the cancellation of the agricultural tax, including that the liceity of town governments facing challenges because the absence of the supply of rural public goods; the "attach-up" of town governments leading to disjunction between town governments and village committee; the bureaucratization of town governments intensifying their confrontation with the village committees; the disjunction and confrontation leading the excessive autonomy of villages; the failure of the system of "one case one meeting" strengthening the tendency of town subordination of villages.

取消农业税后我国的乡村关系中存在着诸多问题：行政村公共产品供给缺位，乡镇政府面临着合法性挑战；乡镇政府的"上附性"会导致其与行政村的脱节；乡镇政府的官僚化会加剧其与行政村的对立；乡村之间的脱节与对立会导致行政村的过度自治化；"一事一议"制度失效会强化行政村的乡镇附属化倾向。在这里需要说明的是，行政村的过度自治化和乡镇附属化倾向在农业税改革之前就存在着，但农业税改革之后这些情况虽然存在，但却是由不同的原因引起的。

Taking as examples the dialogues on historical knowability in postmodernism and realism, the dialogues between different historical periods and the dialogues between various voices from different perspectives, this paper intends to tackle the colorful polyphonic features of Possession from all sorts of voices and consciousnesses to reveal the cause of controversies and conflicts in the criticism around the novel.

本文以《占有》中后现代主义和现实主义有关历史可知性的对话，各个历史时期之间的对话和多视角叙事为例，探讨了该小说中的众声喧哗的景象，以说明《占有》研究中存在大相径庭的各种解读的原因。

In the first part, the thesis mainly checks the concept of urban and rural dual structure, manages to give it a philosophic, definition and then lists various conducts of the contradiction. It also analyzes the subjective and objective reasons that cause the Chinese urban and rural contradiction, and dissect the contradiction抯 feature, history, current situation and influence. This part means to explain that China is a prototypic developing country with Chinese characteristic urban and rural dual structure co!~tradiction. The incisive contradiction exists mainly in seriously backward countryside. In the fields of economy, politics, culture etc, it badly affects and restrains our economy and society抯 sustained, rapid and coordinated development manifoldly and omnibearingly.

第一部分从考察城乡二元结构的概念开始，给予城乡二元结构以哲学定义，然后列举了我国城乡矛盾的种种表现，分析了我国城乡矛盾形成的主客观原因，进而剖析了我国城乡矛盾的特征、历史与现状及影响，旨在说明我国是典型的具有中国特色的城乡二元结构矛盾的发展中国家，城乡矛盾极其尖锐，主要表现为农村元严重落后，在经济、政治、文化等方面，多层次全方位地严重影响和制约着我国经济与社会的持续、快速、协调发展。

Based on above studies, some main conclusions were obtained as follows : 1 the diatoms forming mats in low latitude west pacific is"shade flora"diatom Ethmodiscus rex Hendey; 2 the sites found diatom mats are zone distributed, the direction is NW-SE and most distribute in the deep water area with flat seafloor, between 17°N～20°N and the water depth 4837-6150 m below Carbonate Compensation Depth (CCD 3) AMS 14C dates show that the sediments rich in diatom mats occurred during 16.0 ~ 28.6 ka B.P., which means the bloom mainly occurred in last glacial maximum, while there are not diatom mats deposits in other layers; 4 A total of 101 diatom taxa belonging to 40 genera had been identified from the 155 samples in the two cores WPD 03 and WPD 12, and the relative percentage of Thalassionema frauenfeldii are the highest, Thalassionema nitzschioides、Azpeitia nodulifera、Hemidiscus cuneiformis、Nitzschia marina take the second place.

14C年期间，即&勃发&发生于末次冰期最盛期；4在WPD 03和WPD 12两个岩芯共155个样品中共鉴定硅藻40属101种，且Thalassionema frauenfeldii的相对百分含量最高，Thalassionema nitzschioides、Azpeitia nodulifera、Nitzschia marina、Hemidiscus cuneiformis等次之，这五种硅藻占整个硅藻物种相对百分含量的85%左右，说明在该海域表层水体硅藻席沉积过程中，这五种硅藻最容易与成席硅藻在同时期的环境中生存，形成勃发；5MIS3期的晚期，该区域表层海水盐度降低，这有助于该区水体的成层化，从而使&树荫种&硅藻开始勃发，导致&秋季倾泻&；6末次冰期由于南极中层水北扩，南大洋中层水将富含硅酸盐的海水带入了研究区，即南大洋的&硅溢漏&作用，使该区域硅藻得以勃发，同时，铁输入的增多，可能也是造成硅藻勃发的主要原因之一。

The Vg-negative reaction of the triploid female rainbow trout could not provide full evidence for the impossibility of liver to synthesize Vg. That Vg was not synthesized resulted from insufficient estradiol due to the retardation of ovaries development, the un-differentiation of follicular cells and the lost interaction of germ cell and somatic cells. It could be concluded from yolk genesis that the shortage of female triploid rainbow trout's Vg resulted from the abortive ooecium, but did not result in sterility.

由于三倍体雌性虹鳟卵巢发育受阻，无滤泡细胞分化，生殖细胞与体细胞的互作缺失，不能分泌足量的17β-E2以诱导Vg的合成，因而肝脏的Vg阴性并不能说明肝脏不具备合成Vg的能力，从卵黄发生的角度分析，卵黄蛋白原的缺乏不是导致三倍体虹鳟雌性不育的原因，而是其卵泡败育的结果。

All of these had shown that the induced resistance could be transmitted.Oligosaccharides had not shown any direct activity against Puccinia striifomis in vitro. This suggests that Oligosaccharides can elicit resistance to diseases of wheat, and are different from common pesticides.

不同浓度(25ppm、50ppm、100ppm)的5号提取物的体外抑菌试验表明，低聚糖对条锈菌没有明显的抑制作用，说明低聚糖不具有直接杀菌或抑菌作用，使小麦产生抗锈性的原因在于诱发寄主植物的抗病潜能，使植物本身产生对病原菌的抗性，这与普通杀菌剂显然不同。

Based on these results, it was concluded that in conditions where eye movements are needed, besides saccadic suppression, the higher central system must calculate and control the eye movements, which affects its capacity to process the text information.

通过固定窗口显示方式和知动窗口显示方式条件下中文阅读的比较，排除了强迫阅读的因素，说明有无眼动是产生阅读速度差异的主要原因；根据以上实验结果，可得出结论，在有眼动的情况下，除了saccade抑制影响阅读和识别外，主要的因素在于高级中枢对位置信号的处理，眼动的驱动控制及运动过程影响了高级中枢对阅读内容和识别内容的解码速率。

This paper discusses failure pattern and force of link chain hook of link chain bucket elevator, finds out the causes of short periodical fatigue failure of link chain hook and points out the key factors that influence fatigue life of the link chain hook is the fitting gap .

通过对环链斗式提升机链环钩失效形式和受力情况的分析，揭示了链环钩产生低周疲劳失效的原因，指出了在影响链环钩疲劳寿命的诸多因素中，链环钩与料斗之间的装配间隙是决定其疲劳寿命的主要因素，重新设计的链环钩解决了疲劳断裂问题，说明设计中所采取的措施是有效的。

But when a long train of abuses and ,usur'pations夺取;侵占, pursuing invariably the same Object e'vinces表明;显示出 a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off扔掉 such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.

为了慎重起见，成立多年的政府，是不应当由於轻微和短暂的原因而予以变更的。过去的一切经验也都说明，任何苦难，只要是尚能忍受，人类都宁愿容忍，而无意为了本身的权益便废除他们久已习惯了的政府。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。