原则

We remember now the Cartesian principle for building genuine science : the principle of absolute indubitability, by which every imaginable doubt (even though it were in fact groundless) was to be excluded.

我们现在回顾下建立真正科学的笛卡尔原则：绝对不可置疑原则。按此，所有可设想的怀疑（即使事实上是没有根据的）都要被去除。

A vast number of other observances were scrutinised with the same result.

因此，&万民法&是规则和原则的一个集合物，这些规则和原则经过观察后被决定是各个意大利部落间当时通行的各种制度所共有的。

The concept traces its roots back to early Roman law, in which the doctrine of public trust developed around the idea that certain common properties, such as the air, seashores, and rivers, were held in trust by the government for the free and unimpeded use of the public.47 This doctrine was subsequently applied in England to give ownership of public lands to the king but required that his subjects be given access to waterways for such purposes as fishing and trade.

这一理念的本源可以追溯到早期的罗马法，当时公信原则是围绕一种观点产生的。这种观点认为一定的公共财产如空气、海岸和河流等都应该由政府所掌握，并由公众无偿的、不受妨碍地加以利用47。该原则随后被英国应用于确认英王对公共土地的所有权上，但他同时又要求其宗旨应是以水资源利用为目的，如渔业和贸易。

We have the honour to make this statement on human rights, sexual orientation and gender identity on behalf of 1 - We reaffirm the principle of universality of human rights, as enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights whose 60th anniversary is celebrated this year, Article 1 of which proclaims that "all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights"; 2 - We reaffirm that everyone is entitled to the enjoyment of human rights without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status, as set out in Article 2 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Article 2 of the International Covenants on Civil and Political, Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as well as in article 26 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; 3 - We reaffirm the principle of non-discrimination which requires that human rights apply equally to every human being regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity; 4 - We are deeply concerned by violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms based on sexual orientation or gender identity; 5 - We are also disturbed that violence, harassment, discrimination, exclusion, stigmatisation and prejudice are directed against persons in all countries in the world because of sexual orientation or gender identity, and that these practices undermine the integrity and dignity of those subjected to these abuses; 6 - We condemn the human rights violations based on sexual orientation or gender identity wherever they occur, in particular the use of the death penalty on this ground, extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, the practice of torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment, arbitrary arrest or detention and deprivation of economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to health; 7 - We recall the statement in 2006 before the Human Rights Council by fifty four countries requesting the President of the Council to provide an opportunity, at an appropriate future session of the Council, for discussing these violations; 8 - We commend the attention paid to these issues by special procedures of the Human Rights Council and treaty bodies and encourage them to continue to integrate consideration of human rights violations based on sexual orientation or gender identity within their relevant mandates; 9 - We welcome the adoption of Resolution AG/RES.

附录：关于性倾向和性别认同联合声明中英文联合声明中文我们很荣幸地代表做出这一关于人权、性倾向和性别认同的声明 1 -如同宣布&所有人类生而自由，平等享有尊严和权利&的《世界人权宣言》——今年是该宣言发表60周年——第1条中所昭示的那样，我们重申人权的普遍性原则； 2 -如同《世界人权宣言》第2条和《公民、政治、经济、社会和文化权利国际公约》第2条及《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》第26条中所陈述的那样，我们重申所有人都有权享有人权，不受任何种类——如种族、肤色、性别、语言、宗教、政治观点或其他观点、国家或社会出身、财产、血统或其他身份——的区别对待； 3 -我们重申要求将所有人权平等应用于所有人类，无论其性倾向或性别认同如何的非歧视原则； 4 -我们深切关注基于性倾向和性别认同的侵犯人权和基本自由的现象； 5 -我们还对世界各国由于性倾向或性别认同而针对人们的暴力、骚扰、歧视、排斥、污名化和偏见，以及这些做法破坏了遭受这些虐待者的完整性和尊严感到不安； 6 -我们谴责基于性倾向和性别认同的侵犯人权行为，无论这些行为发生在哪里，尤其是以此为由使用死刑，法外处决、即审即决或任意处决，酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚的做法，任意逮捕或拘留，以及剥夺经济、社会和文化权利，包括健康权； 7 -我们回想起2006年，五十四个国家在人权理事会面前发言，请求理事会主席提供一个未来在适当的理事会会议上讨论这些侵犯人权行为的机会； 8 -我们赞赏人权理事会特别程序和条约机构对这些问题给予的关注，并且鼓励他们继续将对基于性倾向和性别认同的侵犯人权事件的考虑纳入其有关权限中； 9 -我们欢迎美洲国家组织大会在其2008年6月3日的第38次会议上通过了关于&人权、性倾向与性别认同&的AG/RES。

In legal texts, the wordings of"least trade restriction","necessary","equivalent"et seq.

第三章主要论述了WTO立法中比例原则及其精神对新协定产生及发展的重要作用，比例原则是克服WTO立法困境的工具。

As an important rule of modern criminal procedure, the Principle against Double Jeopardy is holding in many coutries's procedural law as well as in the international convention on criminal justice, it also play an important role in criminal proceedings.

摘 要：一事不再理原则是刑事诉讼中的重要原则，其在各国以及国际刑事司法公约中都有体现，在刑事诉讼中作用巨大。

This principle originated from the system of ""one record did not bring a case to court two times "" in the ancient Rome law, and developed along different directions in two genealogies of law. In Common Law System, it named ""Non Bis In Idem""; and in Civil Law System, it named ""the principle against double jeopardy"".

它起源于古罗马法中的&一案不二讼&的制度，在两大法系沿着不同的方向发展，分别成为大陆法系既判力式的一事不再理原则和英美法系的禁止双重危险原则，其共同之处在于保护被告使其免于基于同一事实的国家权力的两次追诉。

The instructional idea and fundamentals of design of the aggiornamento architectures of hydropower stations in China nowadays are described;and the design thought of the disposal and fitment assorting with the circumstance outside the station and inside are discussed;the design principle of the harmonious uniformity among the nature and the building and the human are also expounded.

阐述了在当今农村水电站现代化建筑设计的指导思想、基本原则，论述了厂内外布置、装修与内外环境协调的设计理念及追求自然、建筑和人三者之间和谐统一的设计原则。

The instructional idea and fundamentals of design of the aggiornamento architectures of hydropower stations in China nowadays are described;and the design thought of the disposal and fitment assorting with the circumstance outside the station and inside are discussed;the design principle of the harmonious uniformity among the nature and the building and the human are also expounded.

阐述了在当今农村水电站现代化建筑设计的指导思想、基本原则，论述了厂内外布置、装修与内外环境协调的设计理念及追求自然、建筑和人三者之间和谐统一的设计原则。这应该成为新世纪我国在社会主义市场经济条件下农村经济实现可持续发展的战略目标

Because in trial by default procedure legislation technology roughness, caused this procedure to have the serious flaw, concrete table present: To original, absente reo different processing consequence, has violated the litigant equal principle and the fair principle; Legislates excessively thickly, causes in the judicial practice to lack the unification to recognize the standard; Litigants procedure option does not receive when limits and so on.

由于缺席审判程序立法技术上的粗糙，导致了该程序存在着严重的缺陷，具体表现在：对原、被告缺席不同的处理后果，违背了当事人平等原则和公平原则；立法过粗，致使司法实践中缺乏统一的认定标准；当事人的程序选择权受到不当限制等等。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。