原住民

The name Anacostia may have come from "anaquasha-tanik," which means village trading center, from the Native Americans who lived there.

阿纳卡斯蒂亚一字也许取自「 anaquasha-tanik 」，意即村庄的交易中心，而这个字是源自于原本住在此处的美国原住民。

So we had in the 12 years between the bicentenary and the Olympics we had the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody as I said, we also had the Mabo decision and then we had the Bringing Them Home report in which the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission examined the testimonies of vast numbers of people who were removed, forcibly removed, separated from their families, children taken from families, Aboriginal and Torres Strait islander children.

总之，从白人登陆的二百周年纪念到悉尼奥运会这十二年间，正如我刚刚讲到的，羁押中原住民死亡案皇家调查委员会成立了，《马博裁决》通过了。在这之后我们还有了《送他们回家》这一报告。在报告里，人权和机会平等委员会对曾经被强制离家的人，包括许许多多被迫离家的孩子，还有原住民孩子和托雷斯海峡岛民的孩子所提供的大量证言进行了审查。

As access to the Web grows and indigenous peoples reach out through cyber-space, NativeWeb will grow also. Through NativeWeb, indigenous people become visible to each other and themselves and organize actions in a multitude of local, national, and international institutions.

原住民网络是多人组成的计画，将祖先智慧和现代科学相互连结，目的在於提供世界原住民族一个网际空间(cyber-place)，藉此帮助自己了解原住民族也帮助网站成长。

The Great Barrier Reef has long been known to and utilised by the Aboriginal Australian and Torres Strait Islander peoples, and is an important part of local groups' cultures and spirituality.

大堡礁早就知道和澳大利亚的原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民颇高，是一个'地方团体的文化和精神的重要组成部分。

It will also address the political and ethical complexities of the long-standing historical struggle not merely in terms of indigenous discourse, but against the contour of both colonial memory of holocaust and the rampant invasion of neocolonialism manifested in various forms of transnational technology.

析论过程中将从原民论述观点，探察此长期历史奋战中政治与伦理的复杂性，论证难忘部族遭屠杀的殖民记忆历史而积极从事政治社会活动的原住民，以及激进的白人种族主义者，何以难敌全球不同形式资本主义与跨国科技冲击，皆仰赖不同形式的暴力，迎拒欧美庞大复杂的政治经济体系与价值。

They did live around the edges of the forests and they would have burnt parts of the mountain ash forests, but largely they lived around the edge and they burnt the edges of them, they burnt pathways and so on.

他们要住在森林深处的话，他们会烧掉一部分桉树林，但是大多数原住民都住在林子的边缘地带，用火烧掉居住地周边的草木，他们还会用火烧的方式开辟丛林小道，等等。

For this reason, the Zapatista Army of National Liberation staged an uprising against the government in Chiapas in 1994. It presented the rising of indigenous peoples and made the world realize the power they had.

而萨帕帝斯塔民族解放军於一九九四恰帕斯州的武装起义，仅是该国原住民势崛起的重要指标，使我们深刻体会到原住民的容小觑。

This essay aims to probe into the creation and identification of cultural symbols. Firstly, the relationship between development and symbolism of architectural forms in Taiwan through out different eras are sorted. Secondly, how the operation of school architectures has changed from the iconic form into the "space" analogical form is discussed through the study of Tannan Elementary School, which was built up in the mountain of Nantou after the 921 Earthquake. In the end of the essay, the unique architectural operation of another aboriginal school, Minho Elementary School, has demonstrated that the development of school architectures is still dominated by the cultural symbol of "political correctness" in Taiwan after the 921 Earthquake.

本文以「文化象徵」 Cultural Symbols 的创造与辨识为主题，先整理各个时期台湾建筑形式的发展与象徵性的紧密关系；然后以921地震后，在南投山村间出现的一间原住民小学 aboriginal elementary Tannan Elementary School 为研究对象，说明台湾学校建筑已从符号 iconic 象徵性的浅层操作开始进入「空间类型」类比化的建筑操作；文末另以一间原住民小学 Minho Elementary School 的回异操作方法，印证台湾在921地震后的这波学校建筑的发展，仍然被「政治正确」的文化表徵所支配。

Richard MacKinnon, Canada Research Chair in Intangible Culture and Director, Centre for Cape Breton Studies "Digitizing Canada's Gaelic Intangible Cultural Heritage", Kirstin Evenden, Vice President, Access, Collections, Exhibits, Glenbow Museum, and Terrance Houle, Artist "Digital Heritage and First Nations Cultures at Glenbow", Dr. Laurier Turgeon, Director, Institut du patrimoine culturel, Université Laval "Inventory of ethnological heritage resources", Brian Porter, Senior Director, New Media Resources, Royal Ontario Museum Royal Ontario Museum, with Yongjian Zhai, Director, Software Engineering, Arius 3D,"3D Digitization Solutions: Arius 3D and the Royal Ontario Museum". Dr. John McAvity, Executive Director, Canadian Museums Association, and Mr. Dale Jarvis, Intangible Cultural Heritage Development Officer Heritage Foundation of Newfoundland and Labrador also introduced their programs. Chinese scholars exchanged research findings with Canadian Professors in the field of intangible cultural heritage in China. The Chinese presentations including Dr.

在会上就加拿大范例发言的加拿大代表有：加拿大国家文明博物馆馆长Victor Rabinovithch：&加拿大博物馆与非物质文化保护&，不列颠哥伦比亚大学人类学博物馆馆长Antony Shelton博士：&互联网与非物质文化&，加拿大非物质文化保护国家专项主任Richard Mackinnon博士：&加拿大盖尔人非物质文化遗产的数码化保护&，卡尔加里市格伦鲍博物馆Kirstin Evenden女士和黑脚原住民部落Terence Houle先生：&格伦鲍博物馆原住民文化及数字化遗产项目&，拉瓦尔大学文化遗产学院院长Laurier Turgeon博士：&民俗文化遗产来源&，皇家安大略博物馆Brian John Porter和Arius 3D科技公司Yongjian Zhai：&政府项目与私企合作范例介绍&，加拿大博物馆协会执行主任John Gillis McCavity博士，纽芬兰和拉布拉多基金会发非物质文化发展官员Dale Gilbert Jarvis等。

Laurier Turgeon, Director, Institut du patrimoine culturel, Université Laval "Inventory of ethnological heritage resources", Brian Porter, Senior Director, New Media Resources, Royal Ontario Museum Royal Ontario Museum, with Yongjian Zhai, Director, Software Engineering, Arius 3D,"3D Digitization Solutions: Arius 3D and the Royal Ontario Museum". Dr. John McAvity, Executive Director, Canadian Museums Association, and Mr. Dale Jarvis, Intangible Cultural Heritage Development Officer Heritage Foundation of Newfoundland and Labrador also introduced their programs. Chinese scholars exchanged research findings with Canadian Professors in the field of intangible cultural heritage in China. The Chinese presentations including Dr. Fang Lili, Chinese National Academy of Arts "Documenting Intangible Culture in West China: A National Study Report", Dr.

国家文明博物馆馆长Victor Rabinovithch：&加拿大博物馆与非物质文化保护&，不列颠哥伦比亚大学人类学博物馆馆长Antony Shelton博士：&互联网与非物质文化&，加拿大非物质文化保护国家专项主任Richard Mackinnon博士：&加拿大盖尔人非物质文化遗产的数码化保护&，卡尔加里市格伦鲍博物馆Kirstin Evenden女士和黑脚原住民部落Terence Houle先生：&格伦鲍博物馆原住民文化及数字化遗产项目&，拉瓦尔大学文化遗产学院院长Laurier Turgeon博士：&民俗文化遗产来源&，皇家安大略博物馆Brian John Porter和Arius 3D科技公司Yongjian Zhai：&政府项目与私企合作范例介绍&，加拿大博物馆协会执行主任John Gillis McCavity博士，纽芬兰和拉布拉多基金会发非物质文化发展官员Dale Gilbert Jarvis等。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。