厌氧菌

Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus is a Gram-positive,anaerobic thermophile that can produce considerable amounts of ethanol from a wide range of polymeric and soluble carbohydrates.

嗜热厌氧乙醇菌是一种专性厌氧、嗜高温的革兰氏阳性菌，能广泛地以廉价的淀粉、木聚糖等已糖和戊糖为底物进行发酵，产生以乙醇为主的代谢产物。

The cultural condition of PGPR strains Temperature,pH,light,cultural method,acid or alkali producing,and salt tolerance of 9 PGPR strains isolated from Gramineous Forage were tested,the results showed that all the PGPR strains could grow in the temperature range from 5℃～45℃,and optimum temperature for 178,O-6,Dry6 strains was 35℃,for X5,173,Y5,C-6 strains was 30℃,for N4 strain was 25℃～35℃,for 86 strain was 25℃;most of PGPR strains prefered to neutral or alkaline condition,strains 178,O-6,N4 and X5 were preferable to alkali condition especially;light was beneficial to PGPR's growth;all of them produce alkali;most of PGPR strains were not sensitive to NaCl concentration;all the strains were aerobiotic bacteria.

结果表明：各供试菌株对温度的适应范围较广，在5℃～45℃范围内均能生长，178、O-6、Dry6 菌株的适宜生长温度为35℃，X5、173、Y5、C-6 菌株的适宜生长温度为30℃，N4 菌株的适宜生长温度为25℃～35℃，86 菌株的适宜生长温度为25℃；大部分菌株在中性或偏碱性的条件下生长好，特别是Dry6、N4 和X5 菌株对碱性环境适应性强，在pH 值8.0 时生长最好；光照有利于菌株的生长；绝大部分菌株在3%NaCl浓度下生长良好，在5%～7% NaCl 浓度下除173 和86 菌株外，其它菌株都能生长，即对盐份的耐受性较好，且9 个菌株均为产碱菌；除173 菌株是兼性厌氧细菌外，其它都是好氧性细菌。

Compared with the traditional two-phase anaerobic process, there are more microbe populations in the hydrolytic acidification reactors or anaerobic reactors than those in the single phase, the combined anaerobic reactors appeared more stable, and the bionomic condition would be easily realized.

与两相厌氧工艺相比，复合厌氧法中，水解酸化反应器和厌氧反应器中的菌群种类要比单一的产酸相或甲烷相中的多，所构成的微生态系统更为稳定，所需要的生态条件比较容易实现。

The metabolism and succession of microbial population took place ceaselessly during the fermentation and led to microbial polymorphism which mainly presented as anaerobe,methane bacteria,caproic acid bacteria,lactic acid bacteria,sulfate reducing bacteria,and nitrate reducing bacteria etc.

窖泥糟醅是发酵过程微生物栖息的生态环境，其中微生物种群随发酵过程的进行而不停地演替和代谢，具有明显的多态性。其微生物种群的多态性主要表现为厌氧异氧菌、甲烷菌、己酸菌、乳酸菌、硫酸盐还原菌、硝酸盐还原菌等。

The metabolism and succession of microbial population took place ceaselessly during the fermentation and led to microbial polymorphism which mainly presented as anaerobe, methane bacteria, caproic acid bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria, and nitrate reducing bacteria etc.

其微生物种群的多态性主要表现为厌氧异氧菌、甲烷菌、己酸菌、乳酸菌、硫酸盐还原菌、硝酸盐还原菌等。

Results showed that in the water body of Xizi Lake, annual average of culturable planktonic ammonifiers and nitrogen fixers were 510 and 236 CFU/mL, respectively; Ammonia oxidizers, nitrite oxidizers, nitrate reducers and denitrifiers were 8.5, 16, 587 and 16 MPN/mL, respectively; Inorganic phosphate solubilizing bacteria (1PB) and organic phosphorus mineralizing bacteria were 89 CFU/mL and 37 MPN/mL, aerobic and anaerobic cellulose decomposers were 7 and 5 MPN/mL, respectively.

水体中可培养异养细菌和固氮菌的年平均值分别为510和236CFU／mL，氨氧化细菌、亚硝酸氧化细菌、硝酸盐还原菌和脱氮菌的数量分别为8.5、16、587和16 MPN／mL；无机磷和有机磷分解菌分别为89 CFU／mL和37 MPN／mL；好氧性纤维素分解菌和厌氧性纤维素分解菌只有7和5 MPN／mL。

The second part of research is analysis of the decolorization bacterial by anaerobic bioreactor, decolour experimental result: To decolour complete for 6 hour have 5 colonies, define for being high decolor bacterial; to decolour complete for 6~36 hour have 20 colonies, define for being medium decolor bacterial; And the person who greater thans 70% of decolouring rate have 25 colonies within 36 hours, define for being low decolor bacterial.

研究第二部份为厌氧脱色槽中之厌氧脱色菌种之分析，初步脱色实验结果为6小时内脱色完毕者有5株，定义为高脱色菌株；6~36小时内脱色完毕者有20株，定义为中脱色菌株；而在6~36小时内脱色率大於70%者有25株，定义为低脱色菌株。

The results indicate that (1) After acclimation and induction, Phosphorus Accumulating Organism not only has the characteristics of denitrification, but also has the characteristics of takeup phosphate in aerobic;(2) Denitrifying phosphate accumulating bacteria using NO3- as electron acceptor indeed existed in the conventional enhanced biological phosphorus removal system;(3) The facultative anaerobe seperated during the process of acclimation are Corynebacterium, Pseudodiphtheria corynebacterium, Staphylococcus and Moraxella; all of which can be functioned as denitrifying phosphorus accumulating to various degree.

试验结果表明：(1)好氧聚磷菌经驯化诱导后不但具有反硝化产氮特性，而且具有好氧聚磷特性；(2)在传统的A2O 工艺中存在有以NO3-为电子受体的反硝化聚磷菌；(3)在驯化过程中分离到的兼性厌氧微生物有棒状杆菌属、假白喉棒杆菌、葡萄球菌属及莫拉氏菌属，且都有不同程度的反硝化聚磷功能。

The application of psychrophilic methanogens in anaerobic bio-treatment process could essentially break through the bottle-neck of anaerobic technology at lower temperature,greatly extend the application fields of anaerobic technology,and reduce the operational cost of wastewater treatment.

利用嗜冷产甲烷菌实现低温厌氧生物处理过程，可从本质上突破低温厌氧工艺的技术瓶颈，进而大大拓展厌氧生物处理技术的应用范围并降低废水处理的成本。

The application of psychrophilic methanogens in anaerobic biotreatment process could essentially break through the bottle-neck of anaerobic technology at lower temperature, greatly extend the application fields of anaerobic technology, and reduce the operational cost of wastewater treatment.

利用嗜冷产甲烷菌实现低温厌氧生物处理过程，可从本质上突破低温厌氧工艺的技术瓶颈，进而大大拓展厌氧生物处理技术的应用范围并降低废水处理的成本。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。