厌氧微生物

5 kinds of paddy soil treatments were studied, then each microorganism biocoenosis was extracted or bacterial strain was dissociated. Artificial synthesis ferric oxide was considered only electron acceptor, which inoculated soil leaching liquor or bacterial strain with reduction function in mineral salt culture system under anaerobic constant temperature condition. After different temperature treatments towards leaching liquor, temperature was controlled and AQDS added into culture system in order to discuss the effect of temperature and AQDS on ferric oxide microorganism reduction process.

采用5种水稻土为供试材料，分别提取微生物群落或分离铁还原菌株；以人工合成氧化铁作为惟－电子受体，在无机盐培养体系中接种土壤浸提液或具有铁还原功能的菌株，厌氧恒温培养；通过对接种液的不同温度处理(40， 50， 60， 70℃)、对培养温度的控制（30和50℃）以及向体系中添加AQDS，探讨温度及AQDS对氧化铁微生物还原过程的影响。

This experiment was conducted to study population and distribution of microorganisms in upflow anaerobic sludge beds which were used to treat pentachlorophenol wastewater.

采用Hungate厌氧技术和MPN法，研究了升流式厌氧污泥床处理含五氯酚废水的微生物数量及其分布。

One hundred and twenty-one cases comprised of absecesses, secondary peritonitis, necrotizing fascitis and wounds with devitalized were studied.

应用标准的微生物方法检测了脓肿、继发性腹膜炎、坏死性筋膜炎和坏死性组织创口4类外科脓液标本的微生物分布，并同时进行需氧菌和厌氧菌的检测。

The changes of Cr and Fe concentration were measured during Co-culture experiment and slurry experiments. The microbial reducing ability of different chromate concentrations and the effect of chromate on dissimilatory iron reduction in paddy soil were investigated.

通过接种土壤微生物的混合培养及土壤泥浆培养试验，测定了厌氧培养过程中Cr和Fe浓度的变化，研究了不同浓度铬酸盐的微生物还原能力及不同浓度铬酸盐对水稻土中氧化铁还原的影响。

The Co-culture experiment and slurry experiments were applied to two paddy soil samples, which from Sichuan and Jiangxi provinces. The concentration varying of Crand Fe was measured in the course of incubation to study the chromate reducing capability of microbe and effect of chromate on dissimilatory iron reduction .

采用四川和江西水稻土为供试土壤，通过接种土壤微生物的混合培养及土壤悬液培养试验，测定厌氧培养过程中Cr和Fe的浓度变化，研究了不同浓度铬酸盐的微生物还原能力及不同铬酸盐浓度下氧化铁的还原能力。

The result indicated that, although microorganism from paddy soil could directly reduce Cr, the reduecing rate and efficiency were limited; the higher Cr concentration was, the less reducing ability the microbial showed; the microbe from different paddy soils had different effects on Cr reducing abilities; The reducing ability of the microbe from Sichuan paddy soil was higher than that from Jiangxi paddy soil. Cr added could be rapidly reduced in paddy soil under anaerobic incubation, moreover, the process of dissimilatory iron reduction of soil could obviously promote the Cr reduction. The existent of Cr could delay the appearance of Fe; the higher Cr concentration was, the later Fe appeared. The delayed time of Fe appearance was in accordance with the ending time of Cr reduction.

结果表明，由水稻土中提取的微生物虽然能够直接还原Cr，但其还原速率和还原程度有限，且Cr浓度越高，微生物的还原能力越差；不同来源的上壤微生物对Cr的还原能力有所差异，其中四川水稻土中微生物对Cr的还原能力均大于江西水稻土；在厌氧培养的水稻土中，添加的Cr可以较迅速地还原，其中土壤氧化铁的微生物还原过程对Cr还原具有明显的促进作用；Cr的存在导致Fe生成的时间出现滞后，目Cr浓度越大生成Fe的滞后时间越长；Fe产生滞后的时间与Cr还原结束的时间具有一致性。

The results showed that at the anaerobic phase, the PHB concentration in the cell and orthophosphate concentration of the anaerobic effluent obviously increased, the poly-P concentration in the cell decreased, and the cucci and bacilli with a size of 1.0~1.5 μm were dominant and formed grapy cellular cluster. At the anoxic phase, the PHB concentration and orthophosphate concentration decreased significantly, the amount of poly-P increased, and the elliptical cucci of 0.5~1 μm and spheral bacilli of 1.0~1.5 μm were dominant. At the aerobic phase, the PHB and orthophosphate concentration almost reduced to zero, the poly-P increased significantly, cucci appeared single or in pair, and the contour of sphere was blur and almost disappeared.

试验结果表明，在厌氧阶段，微生物细胞内PHB的量大幅提高，上清液中磷酸盐的含量上升，聚磷酸盐含量明显下降，粒径为1～1.5 μm、呈球状和棒状的菌群构成的葡萄状细胞簇占居优势；在缺氧阶段，微生物细胞内PHB的量下降，上清液中磷酸盐含量下降，聚磷酸盐含量上升，粒径为0.5～1 μm的椭球菌与1.0～1.5 μm的球杆菌占优势；在好氧阶段，微生物细胞内PHB的量较低或接近零，上清液中磷酸盐的含量接近零，聚磷酸盐含量明显上升，此时粒径1.0～1.5 μm的球菌以单个或成对出现，球菌不再饱满，呈现接近消失的状态。

According to the above study result, the diversity of microorganisms population in the SUFR system is complex and the bio-community formed in the SUFR system is stable. The close relations between abundance of bacteria and nutrients were found. The correlation between heterotrophic bacteria and COD was 0.949. The correlation between organic phosphate bacteria and TP was 0.815. The correlation between nitrosobacteria and NH3-N was 0.909. The correlation between disnitrifier bacteria and TN was 0.653. These inneglectable great factors effecting on phosphorus-uptake and phosphorus-release of phosphorus accumulating organisms are the influent COD、the concentration of DO、the sludge retention time、the temperature. The diversity of organic phosphate bacteria population in the SUFR reactor was complex and there is no phosphate bacteria taking the absolute superiority in quantity. The near-native pure culture method powerfully complement the traditional pure culture technique and enrich culture technique. The sludgy bioactivity is very good in whole SUFR reactor. By the quality of being biochemistry, the anaerobic phase is higher than anoxic phase and the anoxic phase is higher than aerobic phase of SUFR.

通过以上试验内容研究发现，SUFR 系统中的微型动物种群较多，微生物生态系统稳定；系统中微生物的数量与营养盐的含量密切相关，其中总异养菌与COD的相关系数r 为0.949，有机磷细菌与TP 的相关系数r 为0.815，亚硝化菌与NH4+-N的相关系数r 为0.909，反硝化菌的数量和TN 的相关系数r 为0.653；污水生物除磷工艺中进水COD 的浓度、DO 浓度、泥龄的长短、温度都是影响聚磷菌释磷及吸磷效果的不可忽视的因素；SUFR 系统中的磷细菌呈现种群多样化的趋势，没有占绝对优势数量的磷细菌；微孔滤膜近自然培养法是对传统纯培养技术和富集培养技术的有力补充；整个SUFR 反应器系统中污泥的生物活性很好，就可生化性来讲，厌氧反应器大于缺氧反应器大于好氧反应器；按照动力学方程式求出的细胞生长动力学特征值和SUFR 脱氮除磷系统工艺的实测值结果基本吻合。

Anaerobes are organisms that do not use oxygen; they include some that are killed by exposure to oxygen.

厌氧类是那些不利用氧的微生物，它们中包括一些暴露在氧气中就会死掉的微生物。

In the present study, three normal bras, aerobic spore-bearing bacilli, yeast fungus and streptobacterium plantarum, were isolated, identified and screened from intestinal tract of healthy rabbits. After safety and drug sensitivity test, a compound microecomodulator was produced by combining the three floras, each was cultivated separately, and applied to weanling immature rabbits. The effects of the microecomodulator were evaluated by monitoring animal body weight, food consumption and diarrhea incidence rate and recovery rate of the rabbits with diarrhea.

本实验从健康家兔肠道正常菌群中经分离、鉴定，筛选出3种有益菌种：需氧芽孢杆菌、酵母菌和厌氧乳酸杆菌，经安全试验和药物敏感试验合格后，分别发酵培养，制成复合型微生物制剂再应用到断奶幼兔中，观察对幼兔体重、消耗饲料量、腹泻发生率等的影响，同时应用微生物制剂治疗腹泻兔，观察其治疗效果。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。