压裂

Trough long practise and research, the fracturing technology is getting perfecter and perfecter,but in contrast, the fracturing equipment is unsuitable,so the fracturing technology cannot be put into effect normally.

在长期的实践和研究中，压裂及酸化工艺日趋完善，相比之下，压裂及酸化设备与之很不相适应，严重影响了压裂及酸化工艺的正常实施。

The optimizing fracturing design chiefly includes fractures parameter optimization of fracturing wells, the volume of pre-conditioning fluid and preflush, the optimization of pump parameter and program, the optimization of fracturing technology parameters (Optimizing various kinds of proppant, concentration, volume and program and the adding way to optimize the reasonable operation parameters so as to improve the fluid diversion in natural formation fractures and main fractures).

压裂优化设计主要包括压裂井裂缝参数优化；预处理液和前置液用量、泵注参数和程序的优化；压裂工艺参数优化(以提高地层天然裂缝和主裂缝导流能力为目标，优化各种支撑剂类型、浓度、用量和程序，以及加入方式等；优化合理的施工参数)。

The analysis of the acided-fracturing effect by the transient well test prove to be not all the reservoir that has not the high producibility, the reservoir damage is the dominating factor of the affecting acided-fracturing effect, and that the acided-fracturing...

通过不稳定试井测试对酸化压裂效果的分析证明：并非所有地层都不具备高产能力；对一些原来渗透性小而没有伤害的地层进行酸化压裂也能取得一定的效果，但是对生产井产能的提高作用是很有限的；地层伤害是影响酸化压裂效果的主要因素。

The acid eroding and propcarrying were operated simultaneously, and the multibranch composite acideroded and sandpropped fractures were generated.

交联酸加砂酸化压裂工艺是将加砂压裂和酸化压裂技术有机结合，前置液和携砂液全部采用交联酸，真正实现了酸蚀与携砂同步进行。

Based on the analysis of sediments and diagenesis of YangXin Series, author studied systematically all types of holes and fractures including stracture fissures, secondary corrosion cavities, contract holes and crevices, unloaded fissures, regionalrifts crush cracks (mechanical, hydraulic and oil-gas divulsional), seperate fissures in layres, collapse breccia′s clinks and seam lines, etc,.

作者在对阳新统沉积及成岩后生普通化的分析基础上，全面系统地分析了包括构造裂缝在内的各种孔洞缝类型，如次生溶蚀孔洞、收缩成因孔缝、卸荷张缝、区域裂缝、压裂缝（机械压裂、水力压裂、油气扯裂）、层理脱空缝、垮塌角砾间孔缝、缝合线等。

Hydraulic fracturing design is an important component of hydraulic fracturing, it' s the foundation of fracturing practice.

水力压裂设计是油气层水力压裂的重要组成部分，是进行水力压裂施工的依据。

Formation damage can be minored by using CO2 foam fracturing fluid as it has low filtration, high flowback and good compatibility with formation fluids.

由于CO2泡沫压裂液具有滤失量低、返排能力强、与地层流体配伍性良好等优点，采用CO2泡沫压裂技术，可减小压裂液对地层的伤害。

In view of the high risk, low success ratio and poor effect of ultra-deep reservoir fracturing, the state of the art of ultradeep well fract.

压裂是低渗透储层最具进攻性的增产措施，然而超深井压裂改造的成功率和有效率低，压裂改造技术已成为制约超深致密储层能否有效开采的瓶颈技术。

All the test results showed that this water-in-oil emulsion fracturing fluid posseses such advantages as good themal stability, good shearing stability, low filter loss, low hurt, good restrainting the inflation of clay material, easy breaking of emulsion and flowback and so on, and then it can replace the conventional oil base gel and be used in fracturing the low pressured and strong water sensitive reservoirs of Gars oil field, Qinghai Province.

研究结果表明，该油包水乳化压裂液具有热稳定性好、耐剪切、低滤失、低伤害、能够较好的抑制粘土水化膨胀以及易破乳返排等优点，可以代替常规油基冻胶压裂液用于尕斯油田中浅层强水敏、低压油藏的压裂改造。

This paper analyzes in detail some phenomena that appear in the process of fracturing and communicated modification K series brine well and previous fracturing and communication .

详细地分析了K系列卤井压裂连通改造过程中以及本矿区以前几次压裂连通过程中的一些现象，最后得出结论：该矿区含盐地层中NNW-SSE向断裂裂隙的存在是K系列卤井压裂连通改造成功的根本原因。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。