压下的

NBTI effects can also be influenced by ratio of signal and vacancy. The dynamic characteristics in NBTI degradation was revealed under action of negative and positive gate voltage, degradation can be recovered by positive gate voltage stress.

在负-正-负栅压交替作用下PMOSFET器件中会呈现退化-钝化-退化的动态作用过程，正栅压作用下的PMOSFET器件特性退化会有一定程度的恢复，这是由于在正栅压作用下NBTI反应产物逆向向Si／SiO〓界面处运动从而发生钝化作用造成的。

Results There was no obvious change in the ulstrasonographic characteristics and the pathology of the control group.The diameters,internal echo,the continuity of internal linear echo and epineurium changed correpondingly with time of compression in different model groups.

结果声像图表现：对照组与卡压前正常神经未见明显改变，各卡压组高频超声下均可观察到相应声像图变化，随卡压时间的延长，卡压两端内径逐渐增粗，内部回声逐渐减低，内部线性回声连续性差，神经外膜逐渐增厚。

Therefore it is necessary to research the mechanism of greensand used for high compacted molding methods thoroughly.This subject is one section of the National Natural Science Foundation subject ""Ivestigation on Predicting Method and Mechanism of Springback for High Compacted Sand Molds"", followed of the other completed one named ""Research on Microdeformation of Molding Sand"". A serious of experiments has been done on the reequipped three axial machine under certain technological conditions, and the mechanics, material science, rheologic science. It is systematically studied that the influences on the springback of sand mold were caused by the main influence factors: pressure, compacted rate and the content of soil. Through the analyzed experiments' data, the experienced stress-strain relationship concerning the main influence factors were obtained;under different technical parameter, the springback and spingback's potential energy are compared, the differences and indifferences between them are found out, and the springback's mechanism is discussed;according to the tests' data of YangGuoping coming from Tinghua University, experienced formula of molding sand's springback displacement is induced, the displacement and springback are compared, the margin of error's reasons are analyzed, and they are tested and verified mutually.

本课题为国家自然科学基金项目"高紧实度砂型预测方法及回弹机理的探讨"的一部分，是已结题的国家自然科学基金项目"铸造型砂微变形的研究"的后继，运用力学、材料学及流变学理论，利用改装的三轴仪，在一定的工艺条件下，作了大量系列实验，系统的研究了压实比压、紧实率和膨润土含量对砂型回弹的影响；对实验数据进行了分析和处理，得出了型砂关于压实比压、紧实率和膨润土含量的本构关系的经验公式；把各工艺参数下的型砂产生的回弹量与回弹势能进行比较，找出两者存在的异同点，并对回弹机理进行了探讨；通过清华大学杨国平的实验数据，推导出型砂回弹位移场的经验公式，并与实验测出的回弹量进行比较，分析误差造成的原因，并互相进行了验证。

We have successfully synthesized hydrocarbonbearing inclusions in carbonate at the temperature and pressure of 150 ℃ and 40 MPa, which are near the condition of natural reservoir underground 4 kmAll synthetic hydrocarbonbearing inclusions have been analyzed by microscope and microfluorescence and fourier transform infrared spectroscopyThe results show that the synthesized hydrocarbonbearing inclusions are very similar to those in real reservoirsOur experiments give us four important insights, including:(1) immiscibility of oil and water is the main reason for hydrocarbonbearing inclusions and aqueous inclusions distributed in different fractures;(2) rapid accumulation of oil and gas can be recorded by fluid inclusions;(3) the study of synthetic hydrocarbonbearing inclusions at the temperature and pressure of real reservoir will offer references and standards for the analysis of fluid inclusions in reservoirs;(4) experiment of synthetic hydrocarbonbearing inclusions is a good method for understanding the mechanism of oilwaterrocks interreaction in reservoirs.

文中报道在实际储层温压条件下(150 ℃，40 MPa，大约4 km深度)成功合成了碳酸盐岩烃类包裹体。通过对合成烃类包裹体的显微观察、荧光分析和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析，证实合成了烃类包裹体，且与真实储层中的包裹体具有相似特征，探讨了油水不混溶条件下的流体包裹体捕获机制。实验研究给出4点重要启示：(1)油水不混溶是造成烃类包裹体和水溶液包裹体分带的主要原因；(2)油气快速成藏过程可以被流体包裹体记录；(3)实际储层温压条件下，合成烃类包裹体实验研究有望为储层包裹体分析提供依据和标准；(4)人工合成烃类包裹体为研究含油气条件下储层水岩作用机理提供了一种有效手段。

In this topic, the dynamic analysis methods for piezoelectric vibrator are studied systematically based on the theoretical model, FEM numerical experimentation and FEM governing equation for given compound-mode vibrator, and some valuable conclusions are obtained. The main work accomplished is summarized as follows: 1.Elaborate the main modeling methods for piezoelectric vibrator and the significance and necessity to study the dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric vibrator which emphasize the urgency of this paper. 2.Take the bending deformation induced by piezoelectric ceramic as example, the energy transfer mechanism of electric energy to mechanical energy are analyzed; the motion and force transfer mechanism are analyzed for the longitudinal-bending vibrator. 3.Based on mode assumption and Hamilton principle, the coupling model of piezoelectric vibrator of linear USM is built; moreover, the equivalent circuit model is obtained and a coupling equation represents the relation between electric parameters and mechanical parameters is derived which provides foundation to match the vibrator and driving circuit. 4.Combine the constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic with elastic-dynamical equation, geometric equation in force field and the Maxwell equation in electric field and the corresponding boundary condition equation, the FEM control equation for piezoelectric vibrator of USM to solve dynamic electro-mechanical coupling field is established by employing the principle of virtual displacement. The equation lays the foundation to study the non-linear constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic driven by high-power. 5.Define the dynamic indexes of characteristic of vibrator and carry out variable parameters simulation by calculating the model parameters and the electric characteristics of vibrator are simulated according to the equivalent circuit model. By numerical experimentation, the working mode of vibration of vibrator and the shock excitation results of the working frequency band which provides the mode frequency to realize bimodal are analyzed. Detailed calculation of the electro-mechanical coupling field parameters is made by programming the FEM control equation.

本课题从理论模型、有限元数值试验、有限元控制模型等方面以复合振动模式振子为例对超声电机压电振子的动力学特性及其分析方法进行了全面系统地研究，得出了许多有价值的结论，主要概括如下： 1、阐述了目前针对超声电机压电振子的主要建模方法，对压电振子动态特性的研究意义和必要性进行了论述，突出了本文研究内容的迫切性； 2、以压电陶瓷诱发弹性体发生弯曲变形为例，分析了压电陶瓷通过诱发应变来实现机电能量转换的机理；对基于纵弯模式的压电振子的运动及动力传递机理进行了分析； 3、基于模态假定，利用分析动力学的Hamilton原理，建立了面向直线超声电机压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型，并据此建立了压电振子的等效电路模型，导出了电参量与动力学特性参量的耦合方程，为压电振子与驱动电路的匹配提供了依据； 4、从压电陶瓷的本构方程出发，综合力场的弹性动力学方程、几何方程、电场的麦克斯韦方程以及相应的边界条件方程，采用虚位移原理，建立了压电振子动态问题机电耦合场求解的有限元控制方程，为研究其大功率驱动下的非线性本构模型奠定了基础； 5、界定压电振子的动力学特性指标，对压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型参数进行计算及变参数仿真；依据等效电路模型，对压电振子的电学特性进行了仿真分析；通过有限元数值实验，对压电振子工作模态附近的模态振型及工作频率附近的频段进行了激振效果分析，找出了实现模态简并的激振频率；利用有限元控制方程，通过编程计算，对压电振子的力电耦合场参数进行了详细计算，得出了一些有价值的结论。

The SRF was drainaged by a technique whereby a radial scleral penetrating of 1~2mm deep was made with a sharp knife in 45 oblique angle.Thus,the outflow of SRF can be controlled.The SRF was discharged as the inferior valve of the sclerotomy was been pressing and the drainage was stopped as the pressing was relieved.

在一组连续78例（79眼）简单裂孔性视网膜脱离外路显微手术中，用11号尖刀片，在要排液的部位以45°角倾斜、放射状刺入巩膜约1～2mm，形成一种用刀片压住巩膜切口下唇，视网膜下液即流出，不压下唇即封闭的巩膜切口。

The reliability of analysis result depends largely on the in-house experimental conditions. Unlike the previous analysis that only concerns the sole effect of permeable pressure, this article considers both permeable and confining pressure and deformation characteristics of concrete material under the interaction of them according to the real work state of construction, which may leads to the changing pattern of permeable rate as listed below: permeable rate always reaches its peak with the time process going on, than goes down and remains straight on some certain value; The PR will tend to decline while the confining pressure is increased, and the time taken before the peak will be extended as well; Under the constant permeable pressure and circularly changing confining pressure, the minus-exponential ascend and descend relationship could be applied between the PR and Time axes respectively with crannied and intact concrete samples, and the PR of crannied concrete is far more larger than that of intact concrete. The change pattern of concrete could also be mathematically analogized using the least square method.

室内的实验条件是研究成果可靠性的重要因素，而以往的研究都只考虑了渗透压单一作用，本文根据混凝土结构的实际工作状态，同时考虑了围压与渗透压共同作用下的混凝土材料的渗透性变化特征，得出了混凝土材料在围压作用与渗透压共同作用下的渗透率的变化规律：渗透率都是随时间推移先达到一个峰值，再降低并趋于平稳；渗透率会随围压的增大而减小，并且峰值的到达时间也会随之延长；在渗透压不变，围压升降循环的情况下，有裂缝、无裂缝混凝土的渗透率变化规律是随时间成负指数关系上升、下降，且有裂缝混凝土试件的渗透率远远高于无裂缝混凝土的渗透率，并对混凝土的变化规律运用最小二乘法进行数学拟合。

At the same time,three dynamic models of cylinder powder green-preform are set up ,which are :die and corefixed on the die shoe , core moving with green-preform, core and die moving downwardin relation to green-preform. The theoretical equations of the green-preform densities andpressing stresses of the three pressing conditions are also derived.

同时建立了凹模与型芯固定在下模座、型芯随压坯一起运动和型芯与凹模相对于压坯向下运动等三种圆环形粉末压坯压制的力学模型，导出了这三种压制条件下的压坯密度与压制压力的理论公式；其结果能够指导粉末冶金模具设计，为发挥模具材料的潜力提供依据。

The rolling wheel of D51 rolling loop machine is fixed with an expansion ring and its axial locating accuracy is high so the processing difficult of rolling wheel is reduced.

D51型辗环机辗压轮系采用涨圈固定，轴向定位精度高，简化了辗压轮的机械加工；下支承轴端圆锥孔后面设有方孔，辗压辊与下支承轴的联接可靠，更换容易，减少了非生产性工作消耗，提高了劳动生产率。

After the completion of Silicone Grease applied to the vertical radiator down to the CPU core, gently pressed, and then with his hands near first in the North Bridge to wear BUCKLE gently, and then to the other end of the tool, press button BUCKLE on it.

完成硅脂涂抹之后，将散热器垂直向CPU核心压下，轻轻压紧，然后用手先将靠近于北桥的扣具轻轻扣上，接着将另外一端的扣具用工具压下扣上就行了。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。