历史数据

Soil total nitrogen content and soil available nitrogen content of farmland in Shuangcheng city were analyzed in the research based on 80s' soil nutriments data of the Scientific Database of Agroecology and Blackland in Northeast and 500 soil samples that were collected from the field in 0-20cm in 2005. The maps of soil TN and AN (1:50000) in the 80s were digitized and overlaid with the correspondent maps of 2005 using ArcMap.

本研究利用科学数据库多年来积累的历史图件和数据，并结合2005年耕层（0-20cm）500个采样数据为基础，选择典型黑土区双城市农田为研究区域，分析了22年来该县耕地土壤全氮和碱解氮的时空变化。

After shaping, in order to count, the abtained singal will access to the external interrupt of SCM, and will be deposited in the chip AT24C02 of serial CMOS E2PROM which is supported by transmission protocol of I2C bus and brownout protection. In order to facilitate future show, the measured data will be deposited into history.

获得的信号经整形后接入单片机的外部中断进行计数，并且将计数值存入支持I2C总线数据传送协议的串行CMOS E2PROM芯片AT24C02中进行存储和掉电保护，测得的数据均被存入历史记录，以方便日后查看。

This paper makes a brief introduction to the concept of metadata and describes a chronological development of metadata management. In addition, it mainly focuses on the development of data warehouse metadata managemet and repository technology and CWM Meta data model.

本文简述元数据的基本概念，回顾元数据管理的发展历史，重点讨论数据仓库元数据管理知识库技术以及CWM公共仓库元模型。

In general, this paper includes several parts, shown as the following: The first part summarizes the background and outline of stock index future and introduce briefly its local status and CSI 300 stock index future contract. The second part has a retrospect of the main academic papers of both local or overseas, and also a discussion of relevant hedge strategies and models, to lay a solid theoretical foundation for the empirical analysis and test for the operation process of hedge in latter parts. The third part outlines the principle, key factors and real operation process of hedge. Moreover, it makes a empirical analysis on popular hedge models with HK Hang Seng index. In the end, it test the hedge effect of trading on IF0706, CSI 300 stock index future contract, with CCB select-growth securities fund as present underlying. The fourth and also the last part, explores how to define hedge ratio in china mainland market. It includes the stability test ofβfor local securities portfolio, adjustment of historicalβand best data length for estimation of historicalβ, etc. Also, the thesis makes some beneficial experiments on the definition of best data length for estimation of historicalβ, survey of fashion forβand variation for industryβs. Fortunately, it's got some meaningful results.

按照以上研究思路，本论文论述由以下几个部分构成：第一部分，简要概述股指期货产生的背景和基本情况，对国内股指期货进程和沪深300股指期货合约进行简单介绍；第二部分，回顾海内外股指期货避险研究的主要文献，讨论相关避险策略及避险模型，为后面套期保值策略如何有效运用的实证分析和检验提供理论基础和依据；第三部分，对套期保值的原理、关键因素及实际流程进行概述，并采用香港恒生指数对常用的几种避险模型进行实证分析，最后一揽子以建信优选成长股票型基金为现货标的，实际检验以沪深300股指期货模拟交易IF0706产品进行对冲时的套期保值效果；第四部分，探讨国内确定避险比率的过程，包括国内股票组合β值的稳定性检验、历史β值的修正及估计历史β值的最佳数据长度等，通过数据分析，本文在寻找估计β值的最佳数据长度和考察风格、行业β值的差异上做了较为有益的尝试，并得到了有助于现实操作的结果。

The phylogeny and applied prospect of MES are summarized in the paper. The principle of this system is analyzed from the point of view of acoustics. The surveying and filtering technology of auxiliary parameters, sounding data and the theory of image form, backscatter strength data processing, are researched deeply in the paper. The optimal model of velocity of sound is given. For sound ray tracing, some methods of correction of sound ray curve are developed. At the same time, an ideal model of sound ray tracing is proved and given. The GPS technology is applied for the determination of tide, attitude of vessel. Moreover, some methods are given. As an important topic, the systematic error is discussed in the paper. Some filtering methods are researched in this paper. Based on the current methods of image processing, the procedure and methods are tested and given that adapt to sonar image processing.

本文研究的工作是在总结多波束声纳测深系统的发展历史、应用前景的基础上，从声学角度分析了多波束系统的工作原理；对多波束辅助参数的测定和滤波方法、测深数据的滤波方法、多波束声纳图像的形成机理、图像处理以及最终应用等作了比较深入的研究；得出了适合于多波束精密深度计算的最优声速模型和声线改正模型；提出了 GPS 载波相位定位技术用于多波束辅助参数测量的思想、算法，改善了多波束系统的作业模式；系统地分析了深度数据的误差来源和类型，首次将系统误差作为影响测深精度的主要因素给以研究，并给出了削弱系统误差的方法，提高了深度数据的质量；对多波束声纳图像的形成、处理方法进行了细致的研究，给出了适合多波束图像处理的算法和流程，并从理论和实践上对声纳图像的应用进行了比较全面的研究。

We classified the forest fuel and studied the fuel spatial distribution based on forest inventory and sample plots. Vertical and horizontal distribution of fuel is calculated from sample plots and tree biomass equation. Based on fuel distribution, wind simulation and DEM, fire intensity and effective shaded fuelbreak width are calculated under the condition of crown fire occurrence.

根据历史气象数据确定当地平均最大风速平均值为3.6m/s，平均最大风速的最大值为14m/s，在此情景下，结合DEM数据和可燃物数据对研究区域的林火强度进行计算，并对防火林带的有效参数进行确定。

From 1973 to present, 8 satellites with 9 altimeters are launched, and many millions of altimetry measurements have been gathered and many characteristics of the sea surface have been investigated in these missions.

本文研究的主要目的和内容是系统地总结卫星测高技术的发展历史、应用及前景；制定测高数据的编辑准则和改善各种地球物理改正的精度；研究区域交叉点平差方法以进一步提高 Geosat 、 ERS-1和 ERS-2的径向轨道精度；完善由多种测高数据建立全球平均海面高模型的理论与方法，进而建立全球海面高模型；总结并研究利用测高数据恢复海洋重力场和分离海面地形的方法，确定中国海域的重力场；探讨海陆大地水准面拼接的问题，实现中国海陆大地水准面的拼接。

Adopting the temporal information processing technology, the newly HRMS based on temporal database is introduced which records the evolution"s information about things in "waste book that is a real data list, which not only provides information about things at any time, but also do comparing the past, the current, the future of things.

基于时态数据模型的人力资源管理系统能够管理时态数据。时态数据记录了事物发生发展的历史，反应了事物发展的本质规律，为动态分析和预测提供丰富的数据，能进行过去、现在、将来的对比分析和预测。

As the climatic data received and saved in the Climatic Data Office of NMIC(National Meteorological Information Center) in China,the global surface synoptic data are made up of 45 meteorological variables,4 times observations in term hour daily from approximately 6000 station...

利用2005年用于全球地面天气报资料接收、处理实时业务中的质量控制方法，对保存于国家气象信息中心气象资料室的全球地面天气报历史资料数据集进行了全面的质量检查，对原数据集中因解码而引起的比较明显的批量错误资料进行了修改，生成具有质量控制码的二版全球地面天气报历史资料数据集。

This fund item has carried out research on the current situation of various substances in urban fringe and historical space datum by such efficient space datum collecting technologies as radar, aviation remote sensing, spaceflight remote sensing, GPS and such processing technology as GIS. Monitoring its changing progress with remote sense technology and the space datum can be updated rapidly.

本基金项目利用雷达技术、航空遥感、航天遥感、GPS、GIS等多种高效率的空间数据采集和处理技术，对城市边缘区各种物质要素的现状和历史空间数据进行了研究；运用遥感技术跟踪其变化过程，进行空间数据的快速更新。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。