卵泡

Apoptotic eel I death is the fundamental mechanism in response to follicular atresia. Moreover, the apoptosis of granulose cells is implicated in directly mediating atretic process.

卵泡闭锁的实质就是卵泡中发生了细胞凋亡，其中卵泡颗粒细胞凋亡是导致卵泡闭锁的直接诱因。

RESULTS Human ovarian follicles became steroidogenically active, and developed from the early secondary to antral stage in vitro.

结果人卵巢卵泡在体外培养30天后变成了具有生成类固醇激素的活性卵泡，并从早期次级卵泡发育成窦状卵泡。

This procedure can be influenced by a lot of factors, such as hormones, growth factors, et al. Only very few follicles will develop into dominant follicles and ovulation and more than 99% turn atresic. Xiang pigs are a world famous breed of the miniature pig mainly distributed in Guizhou and Guangxi provinces of China.

同时，卵泡的生长和发育也是一个高度协调的生理过程，受多种因素（激素、生长因子、芳香化、金属离子、物理及化学刺激等）的影响和控制，少数卵泡最终发育为优势卵泡并排卵，99%以上的卵泡都将发生闭锁。

This procedure can be influenced by a lot of factors, such as hormones, growth factors, et al. Only very few follicles will develop into dominant follicles and ovulation and more than 99% turn atresic. Xiang pigs are a world famous breed of the miniature pig mainly distributed in Guizhou and Guangxi provinces of China.

同时，卵泡的生长和发育也是一个高度协调的生理过程，受多种因素（激素、生长因子、芳香化酶、金属离子、物理及化学刺激等）的影响和控制，少数卵泡最终发育为优势卵泡并排卵，99%以上的卵泡都将发生闭锁。

E. staining and other techniques were used to elucidate the pattern of follicular development, atresia, changes in follicle number on the ovarian surface, proportions of apoptotic granulosa cells in follicles of different sizes and morphological changes of atretic follicles, as well as changes in serum estradiel and progesterone levels at different stages of the porcine estrous cycle.

为探讨猪发情周期不同时期卵泡发育和闭锁的规律及机理，本实验通过TUNEL原位标记、H.E。染色以及放射免疫测定等手段研究了猪发情周期不同阶段卵巢表面各类卵泡数量的变化、各类卵泡中颗粒细胞的凋亡比例、闭锁卵泡的形态变化以及发情周期各阶段血清孕酮及雌二醇水平的变化等问题。

Methods Ovarian GC DNA fragments of both atretic and developing follicles before and after estrogen (1 μg/ml), androgen (1 μg/ml) treatments were analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The expression of bcl-2 mRNA was also determined by northern blotting in GC of developing follicle after sex steroids addition. Results Internucleosomal DNA cleavage occurred in granulosa cells in atretic follicles and after androgen treatment.

应用细胞培养、选择性DNA抽提和琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术分析闭锁卵泡和发育中卵泡颗粒细胞的凋亡状况，及雌激素(1 μg/ml)、雄激素(1 μg/ml)对体外培养发育中的卵泡颗粒细胞凋亡的作用；用Northern印迹杂交技术检测经雌、雄激素刺激后发育中的卵泡颗粒细胞bcl-2基因mRNA表达的变化。

Generally, most of the follicles undergo atresia during their development in mammals, and only a few grow to maturation and ovulation. For many years, the mechanisms of follicular atresia have been one of the foci of study. Recently, with the development in studies on cell apoptosis, it has been proved that follicular atresia is a process of cell apoptosis. However, the endocrinological and molecular evens underlying follicular development and atresia and granulosa cell apoptosis in the goat has not been studied.

中文题名山羊卵泡发育、闭锁及其调控机理的研究副题名外文题名 Studies on follicular development and atresia and their regulatory mechanism in goat 论文作者于元松导师谭景和教授学科专业基础兽医学研究领域\研究方向动物胚胎学与胚胎生物工程学位级别博士学位授予单位东北农业大学学位授予日期2002 论文页码总数71页关键词山羊卵泡发育馆藏号BSLW /2003 /S827 /3 哺乳动物卵泡在发育过程中绝大多数闭锁退化，只有少数卵泡发育成熟至排卵。

Finally, the experimental animal symptom distinct improvement, the ovary obvious increase, the ovary obviously primitive graafian follicle and the massive primaries follicle, the secondary follicle and approach the mature graafian follicle, Huang Tijiao many, nature few, the nature gland is rare.

结果，实验动物症状明显改善，卵巢湿重明显增加，卵巢可见原始卵泡及大量初级卵泡、次级卵泡和接近成熟的卵泡，黄体较多，间质少，间质腺少见。

Hormone level in maturation medium affected cumulus expansion of COC, but cumulus expansion became less dependent on hormone level with time of culture. Porcine immatured oocytes, granulosa cells from small antral follicles and cumulus cells of immatured oocytes secreted cumulus-expansion enabling factors. Granulosa cells from 3-6mm follicles did not produce CEEF, but there was some CEEF in the follicular fluid of this sized follicles.

激素水平对卵丘扩展有影响，但随培养时间的延长，对激素的要求有逐步减少的趋势；猪卵丘扩展不依赖于卵母细胞，卵母细胞核成熟也与卵丘扩展无关；GV期卵母细胞、小腔卵泡内颗粒细胞和成熟卵的卵丘细胞都有较高的分泌CEEF能力；3-6mm卵泡的壁颗粒细胞不能分泌CEEF，但3—6mm卵泡的卵泡液中有CEEF。

Hormone level in maturation medium affected cumulus expansion of COC,but cumulusexpansion became less dependent on hormone level with time of culture.Porcine immaturedoocytes,granulosa cells from small antral follicles and cumulus cells of immatured oocytessecreted cumulus-expansion enabling factors.Granulosa cells from 3-6mm follicles did notproduce CEEF,but there was some CEEF in the follicular fluid of this sized follicles.Sun xingshen, Animal Histology and Embryology

激素水平对卵丘扩展有影响，但随培养时间的延长，对激素的要求有逐步减少的趋势；猪卵丘扩展不依赖于卵母细胞，卵母细胞核成熟也与卵丘扩展无关；GV期卵母细胞、小腔卵泡内颗粒细胞和成熟卵的卵丘细胞都有较高的分泌CEEF能力；3-6mm卵泡的壁颗粒细胞不能分泌CEEF，但3-6mm卵泡的卵泡液中有CEEF。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。